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14685 -S 


DRAUGHON’S 


PRACTICAL  SPELLER 

AND 

DICTIONARY 

FOR  USE  IN 

Commercial  Colleges  and 
High  Schools 


By 

H.  HERBERT  COONE 


I 


PUBLISHED  BY 

THE  DRAUGHON  TEXT-BOOK  COMPANY 
Nashville,  Tenn. 


Copyright,  1915 
By 

)W  ORAUGHON  TEXT-BOOK  COMPANY 


C«M»  | © ' ft 

1 


PREFACE. 

tf*Tp\HERE  is  no  cause  for  alarm  as  to  the  permanency  of  our  sys- 

1 tern  of  spelling.  From  its  earliest  adoption  it  has  been  a 
~ shining  mark  for  the  assaults  of  men;  and  among  these  the 
“fonetics”  have  been  most  active,  constantly  striving  to  transform 
the  Websterian  beauty  of  our  words  into  Josh-Billings  awkwardness 
and  absurdity.  With  some  it  has  been  an  honest  effort  to  so  simplify 
spelling  as  to  put  its  attainment  within  reach  of  the  unlearned. 
Others,  however,  have  tampered  with  the  system  for  no  other  reason 
than  this  very  patent  one:  their  own  illiteracy  inhibited  their  ever 
mastering  it;  in  other  words,  instead  of  seeking  to  elevate  themselves 
to  the  realm  of  proficiency  in  the  art  of  spelling,  they  have  made  a 
supreme  effort  to  reduce  it  to  their  own  level,  which  has  been,  and 
must  ever  be,  a failure. 

Confessedly,  our  orthography  is  intricate,  and  necessarily  so;  for 
it  is  a science,  and  all  science  is  predicated  on  intricacy  and  difficulty, 
offering  and  presenting  its  reward  of  mastery  only  to  those  who  are 
willing  to  pay  the  price  of  diligent,  constant,  searching  investigation. 

This  book  does  not,  of  course,  comprehend  all  the  terms  of  the 
English  language;  nor,  indeed,  does  it  claim  to  be  exhaustive  in  the 
matter  of  definitions.  It  is  made  up  of  five  thousand  words — words 
which  constitute  the  vocabularies  of  the  commercial  and  social 
worlds — with  the  meanings  generally  intended  to  be  conveyed  by 
those  using  them.  In  a volume  of  this  size  it  would  be  impossible  to 
give  all  the  different  uses  of  the  words  selected;  yet  a study  of  the 
book  will  reveal  that  it  is  unique  in  that  it  gives  within  the  smallest 
compass  the  greatest  number  of  definitions. 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  idea  throughout  the  vocabulary  has 
been  to  mark  with  a semicolon  the  point  at  which  a radically  differ- 
ent meaning  is  introduced,  only  commas  being  employed  where  the 
definitions  are  expressed  with  synonyms. 

While  the  abbreviation  immediately  following  each  word  in  the 
vocabulary  indicates  the  part  of  speech  of  that  particular  word,  it 
does  not  signify  that  the  word  is  exclusively  of  that  part  ol  speech; 
for  a great  many  words  can  be  used  as  both  nouns,  verbs,  and  adjec- 
tives, but  limited  space  forbids  our  giving  the  various  uses  of  every 
word  in  the  vocabulary,  though  in  some  cases  we  have  done  so. 

The  dotted  line  preceding  each  word  is  foT  the  benefit  of  short- 
QQOO  ! ~7 

I / 


draughon’s  practical,  speller. 


"hand  pupils,  who  should  in  each  instance  supply  the  line  with  the 
shorthand  symbol  of  the  adjacent  word. 

The  teacher  should  study  the  book  diligently,  familiarizing  himself 
with  its  general  scheme,  so  that  he  can  enlarge  upon  and  elaborate 
its  definitions  and  promote  its  purpose:  to  teach  the  pupil  how  to 
spell,  speak,  and  write  the  words  given  in  its  pages. 

It  is  possibly  too  much  to  hope  that  the  book  may  prove  indispen- 
sable to  all  who  engage  in  its  study;  anyway,  the  author  trusts  that 
thousands  may  bear  testimony  to  its  helpfulness.  H.  H.  0. 

Nashville,  Tenn. 


POOR  SPELLING 

Poor  spelling,  being  inexcusable,  is  not  tolerated  in  business  to-day. 
It  has  been  well  and  truly  said  by  business  men:  “When  you  see  a 
stenographer  out  of  a job,  you  may  be  sure  that  that  stenographer  is 
more  in  need  of  a dictionary  than  of  a job.”  As  its  name  indicates,  this 
is  a combination  book,  being  both  a speller  and  a dictionary.  While  it 
should  be  studied  by  both  Shorthand  and  Bookkeeping  students,  it  is 
recommended  especially  for  use  by  Shorthand  students;  in  fact,  it  is  in- 
dispensable  to  them.  Throughout  the  vocabulary  of  the  book,  there  is, 
adjacent  to  each  word,  a blank  space  for  the  word’s  Shorthand  outline, 
which  the  Shorthand  student  supplies.  Thus,  when  the  student  finishes 
the  Shorthand  Course,  no  matter  what  system  he  writes,  he  has  a “Short- 
hand Dictionary”  of  which  he  is  joint  compiler,  so  to  speak.  By  assign- 
ing as  a lesson  for  advanced  Shorthand  students — those  who  are  taking 
dictation — the  words  on  about  two  pages  of  the  book,  the  students,  at 
their  rooms  after  school  hours,  to  write,  in  black  ink,  the  Shorthand  out- 
lines of  these  words  in  the  places  provided  for  them,  the  teacher  will  get 
the  best  results  from  the  use  of  the  book. 

On  the  school  day  next  following  the  assignment  of  this  lesson,  the 
teacher  should  have  the  advanced  class  to  assemble  and  exchange  books — 
one  student  handing  his  book  to  another  student,  the  latter  giving  the 
former  his  book,  and  so  on,  until  no  student  is  in  possession  of  his  own. 
book — and  one  student  to  correct  the  work  of  another,  A correcting  B’s 
work,  B correcting  A’s  work,  while  the  teacher  writes  the  correct  out- 
lines on  the  blackboard.  Each  student  should  use  red  ink  in  making  cor- 
rections, and  should  write  his  initials  at  the  bottom  of  each  page  on 
which  he  makes  corrections,  so  that  he  may  be  held  responsible  for  any 
miscorrection  which  he  makes.  (This  rule  should  also  be  follow*ed  in 
regular  spelling  classes.)  Both  the  correct  outlines  and  the  incorrect 
outlines  should  remain  forever  in  the  book.  It  will  be  readily  seen  that 
this  method  encourages  and  stimulates  close  study  and  the  forming  of 
the  habit  of  accuracy  on  the  part  of  the  student.  Before  writing  a Short- 
hand outline  in  his  book,  where  it  is  to  remain  permanently,  the  student 
is  pretty  sure  to  exercise  much  thought  and  to  make  diligent  research 
in  order  to  give  the  correct  outline.  And  even  his  incorrect  outlines,  with 
the  red-ink  corrections,  will  be  of  especial  value  to  him,  for  he  can  refer 
to  them  at  any  time  for  guidance  and  for  assistance  in  avoiding  the  mak- 
ing of  mistakes. 

When  a student  completes  the  study  of  the  book  by  this  plan,  if  he 
has  not  made  incorrect  outlines  for  many  words,  he  may  be  excused  from 
class;  but  if  his  outline  work  is  poor,  if  his  incorrect  outlines  are  in  the 
majority  or  especially  numerous,  he  should  purchase  another  book  and 
do  his  outlining  in  the  new  book.  When  a student  is  ready  for  this  work, 
he  may  go  into  the  class,  no  matter  upon  what  part  of  the  book  the  class 
is  working.  A Shorthand  student  engaged  in  this  work  will  find  his 
regular  “Shorthand  Dictionary”  very  hepful  to  him.  In  many  cases,  when 
one  is  told  how  to  spell  a word,  he  forgets  it.  In  most  cases,  when  one 
devotes  some  time  to  looking  up  and  familiarizing  himself  with  a word — 
its  spelling,  its  meaning,  etc. — he  remembers  it;  it  becomes  a part  of  his 
education.  So,  when  a Shorthand  student  consults  his  “Shorthand  Dic- 
tionary” with  regard  to  the  outline  of  a word,  looking  at  it  closely,  that 
outline  photographs  itself,  so  to  speak,  on  his  mind,  and  becomes  his 
possession,  a part  of  his  vocabulary. 


RULES  FOR  SPELLING. 

IT  would  require  a great  deal  more  space  than  is  at  command  to 
lay  down  an  unvarying  rule  for  the  guidance  of  the  student  at 
every  point  of  difficulty  encountered  in  spelling.  Anyway,  we 
have  found  it  far  more  satisfactory  to  fasten  on  the  mind  the  exact 
way  in  which  a word  is  spelled  than  to  memorize  and  apply  a dry 
rule  therefor.  Moreover,  our  orthography  is  so  irregular  that  we  no 
more  than  fix  a rule  than  we  find  that  the  exceptions  to  be  noted  are 
greater  in  scope  than  the  body  of  the  rule.  There  are,  however, 
some  rules  of  universal  application,  and  they  will  be  found  very 
helpful  to  those  who  familiarize  themselves  with  them. 

1.  Ei  follows  c soft;  as,  deceive , receive , etc.  le  follows  other  con- 
sonants; as,  believe , reprieve , relieve , etc. 

2.  Final  ful  is  always  f-u-l,  and  fully,  fu-Wy.  The  plural  of  ful  is 
formed  by  simply  annexing  s ; as,  spoonfuls , handfuls , basketfuls , etc. 

3.  Words  ending  in  e generally  omit  the  e when  taking  an  addi- 
tional syllable  beginning  with  a vowel — as,  invade , invading — but 
retain  the  e when  the  additional  syllable  begins  with  a consonant; 
as,  pale , paleness . Common  exceptions  to  this  rule  are  dye , dyeing ; 
singe , singeing;  judgment,  acknowledgment , abridgment , argument , 
etc. 

4.  Where  e is  preceded  by  c or  g it  is  retained  upon  adding  able  ox 
ous;  as,  peace , peaceable;  charge , chargeable;  advantage , advanta- 
geous; courage , courageous . If  it  is  preceded  by  o,  it  is  retained 
before  ing;  as,  shoe , shoeing;  hoe , hoeing . 

5.  A monosyllable,  as  also  a word  accented  on  the  last  syllable, 
when  it  ends  in  a consonant  preceded  by  a single  vowel,  doubles  th& 
final  consonant  on  taking  a suffix  beginning  with  a vowel;  as,  tan , 
tanned;  begin , beginning . 

0.  The  plurals  of  nouns  regularly  end  in  s,  or,  in  certain  classes  of 
words,  in  es.  Nouns  ending  in  y preceded  by  a consonant  form  their 
plurals  by  adding  es  and  changing  y into  i;  as,  mercy , mercies;  sky , 
skies.  This  rule  includes  words  ending  in  guy , in  which  u,  being  pro- 
nounced like  w , is  strictly  a consonant;  as,  colloquy , colloquies . When 
the  singular  of  a noun  ends  in  preceded  by  a vowel  (except  u hav- 
ing the  power  of  w ),  the  plural  is  regularly  formed,  by  adding  s only; 
as,  key , keys;  money , moneys;  monkey , monkeys , etc. 

7.  The  possessive  singular  is  generally  formed  by  adding  the  opos* 
trophe  and  s (’s)  to  the  nominative  singular;  the  possessive  plural,  by 
adding  simply  the  apostrophe  (’ ) to  the  nominative  plural;  as,  boy , 
5o?/’s,  &02/s\  When  the  nominative  plural  is  not  formed  regularly — 
that  is,  by  adding  s to  the  singular — the  possessive  plural  is  formed 
the  same  as  the  possessive  singular,  by  adding  * s to  the  nominative 
plural:  as,  men , men's;  women ^ women's;  children , children's . 

(5) 


1 tell  you  earnestly,  you  must  get  into  the  habit  of 
looking  intensely  at  words,  assuring  yourself  of  their 
meaning,  syllable  by  syllable — nay,  letter  by  letter. 

A well-educated  gentleman  may  not  know  many 
languages,  may  not  be  able  to  speak  any  but  his  own, 
may  have  read  very  few  books;  but  whatever  lan- 
guage he  knows,  he  knows  precisely;  whatever  word 
he  pronounces,  he  pronounces  rightly. 

Let  the  accent  of  words  be  watched,  and  closely; 
let  their  meaning  be  watched  more  closely  still. — 
John  Bushin. 


<3) 


DRAOGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


N'ora.—The  short  hyphen  marks  the  division  between  unaccented  syllables;  words  which 
are  to  be  written  or  printed  with  a hyphen  between  their  component  parts  are  marked  with  a 
longer,  heavier  hyphen.  The  abbreviation  after  each  word  indicates  the  part  of  speech  to 
which  the  word  belongs.  Before  each  word  is  a blank  for  the  word’s  shorthand  symbol,  which 
the  student  must  supply. 

A 


A-ban7don,  v . To  give  up,  for- 
sake. 

A^an'don7,  n.  Careless  free- 
dom or  ease. 

A-base7,  v . To  cast  down,  to 
humble. 

A-bate7,  v.  To  lessen,  to  mod- 
erate ; (in  law)  to  put  an  end 

JUhat/tofcff  ( a7bat7twarO.  n.  A 
pu^Iic^slaughterhouse  for  cat- 
tle, etc. 

Ab-bre7vi-ate,  v.  To  shorten, 
to  abridge. 

Ab7di-cate$  v.  To  surrender, 
relinquish,  etc. 

A-bet7,  v . To  instigate  or  en- 
courage— used  always  in  a 
bad  sense. 

A-bide7,  v.  To  continue  in  a 
place,  to  dwell,  etc. 

Ab7ject,  a . Down  in  spirit  or 
hope,  degraded. 

Ab-jure7,  v.  To  renounce,  to 
repudiate. 

Ab7ne-gate,  v.  To  deny,  re- 
ject, abjure. 

A-board7,  adv . and  prep.  Into 
or  within  a car  or  a ship. 

A-bode7,  n.  A dwelling,  a hab- 
itation. 

A-bol7ish,  v.  To  do  away  with, 
to  make  void. 

A-bom7i-na-ble,  a.  Odious,  very 
hateful,  loathsome. 

A-bound7,  v.  To  be  in  great 
plenty;  to  possess  in  abun- 
dance. 

,A-bridg7ment,  n.  Diminution, 
lessening ; an  epitome  or  com* 
pend,  as  of  a book. 

Ab-rupt7,  a.  Broken  off,  un- 
connected. 

Ab7sent,  a . Not  present;  ab- 
sent-minded, preoccupied. 

,Ab7so-lute,  a.  Uncontrolled, 
unrestricted,  unconditional, 
complete,  etc. 


Ab-solve7,  v.  To  set  free,  or 
release  ; to  pardon,  remit. 

Ab-sorb7,  v.  To  swallow  up, 
engulf,  overwhelm. 

Ab-ste7mi-ous5  a.  Temperate, 
abstinent. 

Abstract,  n.  A summary  or 
epitome ; a brief. 

Ab-stract7,  v.  To  separate,  as 
ideas ; to  consider  by  itself ; 
to  take  secretly,  to  purloin. 

Ab-struse7,  a . Difficult  of 

comprehension  or  under- 
standing. 

Ab-surd7,  a.  Contrary  to  rea- 
son or  propriety. 

,A-buse7,  v.  To  misapply,  to 
put  to  a wrong  use ; to  mal- 
treat, to  hurt. 

A-buse7,  n.  Misuse,  improper 
treatment,  corrupt  practice, 
etc. 

A-but7?  v.  To  project,  to  be 
contiguous,  to  meet. 

A-ca7cia,  n.  A class  of  trees 
and  shrubs. 

A-cad7e-my,  n.  A school,  or 
seminary. 

Ac-cede7,  v.  To  agree  or  as- 
sent to;  to  comply,  acquiesce, 
concur. 

Ac-cel7er-ate  (ak-sel7er-ate),  v. 
To  cause  to  move  faster,  to 
expedite. 

Ac-cent7?  v.  To  emphasize,  ei- 
ther with  voice  or  by  marks. 

Ac-cen7tu*ate,  v.  To  bring  out 
distinctly,  to  make  promi- 
nent. 

Ac-cept7,  v.  To  receive,  to  ap- 
prove, to  assent  to,  to  receive 
as  obligatory  and  promise  to 
pay. 

Ac-cept7ance,  n.  Agreement 
to  pay  when  due;  assent  to 
terms  or  proposals. 

,Ac7cess,  n.  Admittance,  ac- 
cessibility. 


8 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Ac-ces'sion,  n.  A coining  to, 

increase  by  a thing  added, 
the  thing  (itself)  added. 

Ac-ces'so-ry,  n . Abettor,  ac- 
complice, ally. 

Ac-ci-den'tal,  a . Happening 

by  chance,  or  unexpectedly. 

Ac-claim',  v . To  shout  ap- 
plause. 

Ac-clFmate,  v.  To  habituate  to 

a climate  not  native. 

Ac-com'mo-date,  v.  To  render 

tit,  to  adapt,  to  conform;  to 
favor,  to  oblige. 

Ac-com-mo-da'tion,  n.  (com. 

meaning)  A loan  of  money,  an 
accommodation  bill  or  note. 

Ac-com'pa-ny,  v.  To  go  with 

, or  attend. 

Ac-com'plice,  n.  An  associate 

in  crime,  a participant  in  an 
offense. 

Ac-com'plish,  v.  To  complete, 

to  effect,  to  perform,  to  fulfill. 

Ac-cord',  n.  Agreement,  har- 
mony, assent;  v.,  to  harmo- 
nize, to  agree,  to  correspond. 

... Ac-cost7,  v.  To  speak  to  first, 

to  address,  to  greet. 

Ac-count',  n.  A reckoning, 

computation,  calculation, 
enumeration,  record. 

Ac-count',  v.  To  value,  esti- 
mate; to  render  an  account. 

Ac-cou'ter,  v.  To  equip,  to  at- 
tire, to  array. 

Ac-cred'it,  v.  To  bring  into 

credit,  to  sanction;  to  believe, 
credit,  put  trust  in. 

Ac-crue',  v.  To  increase,  to 

augment,  to  arise  or  spring  as 
a growth  or  result. 

Ac-cu'mu-late,  v.  To  heap  up 

in  a mass,  to  store,  to  amass, 
to  hoard. 

Ac'cu-ra-cy,  n.  State  of  being 

accurate,  freedom  from  mis- 
takes, comformity  to  truth. 

Ac-cu-sa'tion,  n . Act  of  ac- 
cusing one  of  crime  or  other 
offense;  that  of  which  one  is 
accused. 

Ac-cu'sa-tive,  n.  The  fourth 

case  of  Latin  and  Greek 
nouns,  corresponding  to  the 
objective  case  in  English. 

• ••••••.Ac-cus'tom,  v.  To  habituate, 

familiarize,  inure. 

Ace,  n.  A unit,  a small  quan- 
tity or  degree,  a particle  or 
atom. 


A-cerb'i-ty,  n.  Harshness,  bit- 
terness, severity. 

A-cet'y-lene,  n.  A gas  com- 
pounded of  carbon  and  hydro- 
gen. 

Ache,  7i.  Continued  pain,  as 
distinguished  from  spasmodic 
pain. 

A-chieve',  v.  To  accomplish, 
effect,  fulfill,  complete,  exe- 
cute. 

Acli-ro-mat'ic,  a.  Free  from 
color.  ' 

Ac'id,  n . A sour,  or  tart,  sub- 
stance. 

A-cid'i-fy,  v.  To  make  acid, 
to  sour,  to  embitter. 

Ac-knowPedge,  v.  To  own  or 
admit  the  knowledge  of. 

Ac-knowPedg-meiit,  n.  Ac- 
knowledging, admission,  con- 
fession. 

A-cous'tics,  7i.  The  science  of 
sounds. 

Ac-quaint',  v.  To  give  knowl- 
edge of,  to  inform,  to  apprise. 

Ac-quaint'ance,  n.  Personal 
knowledge;  a person  with 
whom  one  is  acquainted. 

Ae-quest',  n.  (law).  Property 
acquired  by  purchase,  gift,  or 
otherwise  than  by  inherit- 
ance. 

Ac-qui-esce',  v.  To  concur,  to 
assent. 

Ac-quire',  v.  To  gain,  to  get. 
as  one’s  own, 

Ac-quire'ment,  n.  That  which 
is  acquired ; attainment. 

, Ac-quit',  v.  To  set  free,  release, 
discharge;  to  absolve,  clear, 
exonerate. 

,Ac-quit/tal,  n.  A setting  free, 
or  deliverance  from  the  charge 
of  an  offense. 

.A'cre,  n.  A piece  of  land  con- 
taining 160  square  rods. 

Ac'rid,  a.  Sharp,  harsh,  caus- 
tic, bitter. 

Ac'ro-bat,  n.  One  who  prac- 
tices gymnastic  feats. 

A-crop'o-lis,  n.  The  citadel  of 
a Grecian  city. 

A-cross',  prep.  From  side  to 
side. 

Act,  n.  That  which  is  done  or 
doing;  performance,  deed. 

.Action,  n.  Exertion  of  power 
or  force. 

.Active,  a.  Quick  in  phj’sical 
movement,  nimble. 


draughon’s  practical  speller 


9 


Ac7tor,  n . A doer;  a stageplay- 
er. 

Ac7tu-al,  a.  In  fact,  real,  gen- 
uine, certain. 

Ac7tu-a-ry,  n.  The  computing 
official  of  an  insurance  com- 
pany. 

Ac7tu-ate,  v.  To  move  or  in- 
cite to  action. 

A-cu7meii,  n.  Quickness  of  per- 
ception or  discernment. 
A-cute7,  a . Sharp,  keen,  in- 
tense, sagacious,  ingenious. 
Ad7age,  n . An  old  saying,  a 
proverb. 

Ad7a-inant,  n.  A stone  imag- 
ined to  be  of  impenetrable 
hardness. 

A-dapt7,  v . To  fit,  or  suit;  to 
adjust. 

Add,  v.  To  join,  or  unite,  so  as 
to  increase. 

.Ad-den7duin,  n.  An  appendix 
or  addition. 

Ad7der,  n.  A venomous  ser- 
pent. 

Ad-dict7,  v.  To  apply  habitual- 
ly, to  devote. 

Ad7dle,  v.  To  muddle,  or  con- 
fuse. 

Ad-dress7,  v.  To  direct  speech 
to;  to  direct  in  writing,  as  a 
letter. 

Ad-duce7,  v.  To  offer  as  an  ar- 
gument, to  cite,  to  quote. 
A-dept7,  a . Well  skilled,  com- 
pletely versed. 

.Ad7e-quate,  a.  Sufficient,  pro- 
portionate, suitable. 

Att-here7,  v.  To  Ttick  fast,  or 
cleave. 

A-dieu7,  interj.  and  adv.  Good- 
by,  farewell. 

Ad  in7fl-ni7tum,  Without  limit, 
endlessly. 

Ad-ja7cent,  a.  Lying  near, 
close, contiguous,  neighboring. 
Ad7jec-tive,  n.  A word  of  de- 
scription used  with  a noun. 
Ad-join7,  v . To  join  or  unite  to, 
to  lie  contiguous  to. 
Ad-journ7,  v.  To  close  or  sus- 
pend for  a time,  or  indefinite- 

Ad-judge7,  v.  To  award  judi- 
cially in  the  case  of  a contro- 
verted question. 

Adjunct,  n . A colleague,  an 
associate. 

Ad-jure7,  v.  To  charge,  bind, 
or  command,  solemnly. 


Ad-just7,  v.  To  make  exact,  to 
fit,  to  put  in  order,  to  regulate. 

Ad7ju-tant,  n . A helper,  an 
assistant. 

Ad-min7is-ter,  v.  To  manage 
or  conduct,  as  public  affairs. 

Ad-min-is-tra7tor,  n.  One  who 
administers  affairs. 

Ad7mi-ra-ble,  a.  Deserving  the 
highest  praise,  most  excel- 
lent. 

,Ad7mi-ral,  n.  A naval  officer 
of  the  highest  rank. 

,Ad-mis7si-ble,  a.  Entitled  to 
be  admitted,  allowable. 

.Ad-mit7,  v . To  give  right  of 
entrance,  to  receive;  to  ac- 
knowledge, to  confess. 

.Ad-mon7ish,  v.  To  reprove  of 
a fault,  to  counsel  against 
wrong  practices. 

.A-do7be,  n . An  unburnt  brick 
dried  in  the  sun. 

.A-dopt7,  v.  To  take  into  a re- 
lationship; to  approve,  as  the 
opinion  of  another. 

.A-dor7a«ble,  a.  Worthy  of  ado- 
ration . 

.A-dorn7,  v.  To  embellish,  to  set 
off  with  ornaments. 

.A-droit7,  a.  Dexterous,  skillful, 
expert,  ready. 

.A-dult7,  n.  A person,  animal, 
or  plant  of  full  size  and 
strength. 

. A-dul7ter-ate,  v . To  render  im- 
pure by  an  admixture  of  for- 
eign substance. 

.Ad-vance7,  v.  To  move  for 
ward,  to  aid,  to  heighten. 

.Ad-van7tage,  n.  Condition  oi 
circumstance  favorable  to  sue* 
cess  or  benefit. 

.Ad7vent,w.  Important  arrival; 
coming,  approach. 

. Ad-ven7ture,  n.  Happening 
without  design;  remarkable 
occurrence,  striking  event. 

.Ad7verb,  n.  A word  used  to 
modify  a verb,  participle,  ad- 
jective, or  other  adverb. 

.Ad7ver-sa-ry,  n.  An  opponent, 
antagonist,  enemy. 

.Ad7verse,  a.  Opposed,  con- 
trary, opposite,  conflicting. 

. Ad-ver7si-ty,  n.  Misfortune,  ca- 
lamity, affliction,  trial. 

.Ad-vert7,  v . To  refer,  to  take 
heed  or  notice. 

.Ad-ver-tise7,  v.  To  notify,  to 
make  known,  to  inform. 


10 


DEAUGHON’S  PKACTICAL  SPELLEE. 


.Ad-vice7,  n.  Counsel,  admoni- 
tion, recommendation. 

.Ad-yise7,  v.  To  give  advice  to, 
to  counsel. 

.Ad7vo-cate,  n.  One  who  de- 
fends or  espouses  anycause  by 
argument. 

.A7er-ate,  v.  To  combine  or 
charge  with  gas. 

.JEs«thet7ics,  n.  The  science  of 
the  beautiful  in  nature  and 
art. 

.Af-fa-biFi-ty,  n . The  quality 
of  being  affable,  easy  to  con- 
verse with. 

.Af-fair7,  n.  Matter,  concern, 
business  of  any  kind. 

.Af-fect7,  v.  To  produce  an  ef 
feet  upon. 

.Af-fi-da/yit,  n.  A sworn  state- 
ment in  writing. 

.Af-fiFi-ate,  v.  To  connect  or 
associate  one’s  self  with. 

.Af-fin7i-ty,  n . Kinship;  close 
agreement. 

. Af-firm7,  v.  To  confirm  or  rati- 
fy, to  assert  positively. 

.Af-fix7,  v.  To  subjoin,  annex, 
or  add  at  the  end . 

. Af-fiaTus,  n.  Supernatural  im- 
pulse, inspiration. 

.AFflu-ence,  n.  Abundant  sup- 
ply, profusion. 

.Af-ford7,  v.  To  give  forth,  sup- 
ply, yield,  produce. 

.Af-front7,  n.  Marked  disre- 
spect, purposed  indignity, 
insult. 

.A-fraid7,  p.  a.  In  fear,  appre- 
hensive. 

. AfFer,  prep.  Next,  subsequent, 
succeeding. 

.A-gain7,  adv . In  return,  back, 
once  more,  anew. 

.A-gainsF^  prep.  Opposite  to, 
facing;  in  opposition  to,  on  the 
other  side. 

.Agnate,  n.  An  uncrystallized 
variety  of  quartz. 

.Age,  n . The  whole  duration  of 
a being. 

.A'gent,  n.  One  who  acts  for, 
or  in  the  place  of,  another. 

. Ag-gran7dize-ment,  n.  Exalta- 
tion in  power,  rank,  honor, 
or  wealth. 

. Ag7gra-vate,  v.  To  make  worse 
or  more  severe. 

.Ag7gre-gate,  v.  To  bring  to- 
gether, to  collect  into  a mass 
or  sum. 


. . . . a . .Ag-gres7sive,  a.  Making  as- 
saults, unjustly  attacking. 

. . . Ag-grieve7,  v.  To  give  pain  or 

sorrow  to,  to  afflict. 

A-giFi-ty,  n.  Nimbleness,  ac- 
tivity, quickness  of  motion. 

AgT-ta-tor,  n.  One  who  stirs  up 

or  excites  others. 

........  Ag-nos7tic,  n.  One  who  neither 

affirms  nor  denies  the  exist- 
ence of  a personal  Deity. 

Ag7o-ny,  n.  Extreme  pain  of 

mind  or  body. 

A-gree7,  v.  To  harmonize  in 

opinion,  statement,  or  action. 

. . . . . A7gue,  n.  An  intermittent 
fever. 

Aid7,  v.  To  help,  support,  sus- 
tain. 

Aim,  n.  Intention,  purpose, 

design. 

Aisle,  n.  A passage  into  which 

the  pews  of  a church  open. 

A-jar7,  adv.  Slightly  turned  or 

opened. 

A-kin7,  a.  Allied  by  nature; 

partaking  of  the  same  prop- 
t erties. 

..... . . . A-lac7ri»ty , n.  Activity,  brisk- 
ness, sprightliness. 

A-las7, inter j.  An  exclamation 

expressive  of  sorrow,  pity,  etc. 

Al-bu7men,  n.  The  white  of  an 

egg. 

AFco-Iiol,  n.  The  intoxicating 

element  of  fermented  liquors. 

AFcove,  n.  A recessed  portion 

of  a room. 

AFder-man,  n.  A member  of 

a body  of  municipal  offi- 
cers. 

A-lert7,  a . Watchful,  vigilant, 

lively,  quick,  prompt. 

AFge-bra,  n.  A branch  of  math- 
ematics using  letters  and  other 
symbols  in  its  treatment  of 
the  subject. 

A7li-as,  adv.  Otherwise,  other- 
wise called. 

AFien,  n . A foreigner,  a stran- 

. . ..  . . . .A5ign7ment,  n.  The  act  of  ad- 
justing to  a line. 

Al7i-mo-ny.  n . Maintenance, 

means  of  living. 

Al-lay7,  v.  To  make  quiet,  to 

pacify. 

Al-lege7,  v.  To  declare,  to  af- 
firm, to  assert. 

Al-le7gi-ance,  n.  Devotion, 

loyalty,  fidelity. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


11 


AFle-go-ry,  n.  A representa- 
tion by  suggestive  resem- 
blance. 

AI-le7vi-ate,  v.  To  lighten,  les- 
sen, mitigate. 

AFley,  n . A narrow  passage, 

or  way. 

Al-IFance,  n.  Union,  affinity, 

confederacy. 

Al-lit-er-a7tion,  n . Each  word 

in  a sentence  beginning  with 
the  same  letter. 

Al-lot7,  v . To  distribute  or  par- 
cel out. 

Al-lowVtt.  To  grant,  give,  ad- 
mit, accord,  etc. 

*  .Al-lude7?  v.  To  refer  to  some- 

thing indirectly. 

Al-lure7*  v . To  entice,  to  at- 
tract. 

Al-ly7,  n.  A confederate,  a 

helper,  an  auxiliary. 

Al-might7y,  a.  A 1 1 - powerful, 

irresistible. 

, ..Alms  (ams),  n.  Charity,  a gift 

of  charity. 

A-lone7,  a . Apart  from  others, 

solitary. 

A- long7,  adv.  Onward,  for- 
ward. 

, A-loof7,  a . At  a distance, 

apart,  away. 

AFtar,  n.  A structure  whereon 

to  offer  sacrifices  and  peti- 
tions to  the  Deity. 

AFter,  v . To  change,  to  vary, 

to  modify. 

AFter-nate,  v.  To  perform  by 

turns  or  in  succession. 

AFti-tude,  n.  Height,  supe- 
riority. 

•  AFto,  n . Contralto,  between 

tenor  and  soprano. 

•  Al-tru-is7tiCj  a.  Regardful  of 

others. 

Al-u-miiFi-um,  n.  Metallic  base 

of  alumina. 

A-maFga-mate,  v.  To  com- 
pound, to  mix. 

AirFa-tenr,  n.  Not  a profes- 
sional. 

A-maze7,  v.  To  astound,  to  as- 
tonish greatly. 

Am-bas7sa-dor,  n . An  official 

messenger  and  representa- 
tive. 

•  Am-bi-gu7i-ty,  n . Language  of 

double  meaning. 

Am-bFtion,  n . Desire  for  pre- 
ferment, honor,  superiori- 
ty. 


AnFbu-late,  v.  To  walk,  to 

move  about. 

....... . AnFbush,  n.  An  unseen  peril, 

a snare. 

A-meFio-rate,  v.  To  make  bet- 
ter, to  improve. 

. A-me7na-ble.  a.  Responsible, 

accountable. 

A-mend7,  v.  To  change  for  the 

better. 

. A-men7i-ty,  n.  Pleasantness, 
gentleness. 

Am-mo7ni-a,  w.  Gas  compound- 
ed of  hydrogen  and  nitrogen. 

Am-mu-nFtion,  n.  Articles  used 

in  charging  firearms. 

. . .Am7nes-ty,  n . Pardon,  forget- 
fulness of  wrong. 

Am7pu-tate,  v.  To  cut  off  a limb 

or  projecting  part  of  the  body. 

A-muse7ment,  n.  Pleasurable 

excitement,  diversion. 

A-naFo-gy,  n.  Resemblance, 

agreement  or  likeness  between 
things. 

. . .Jjf.A-natlFe-ma,  n.  A curse,  a 

malediction. 

. An7ces-tor9  n . One  from  whom 

a person  is  descended. 

An7cient,  a.  Old,  of  long  stand- 

ing. 

An7gli-cize,  v.  To  make  Eng- 
lish, to  make  conform  to  Eng- 
lish. 

)( . An-i-mad-ver/sion,  n.  Adverse 

criticism,  reproof,  rebuke. 

An^-mus*  n . Intention,  tem- 
per. 

...An-ni-ver7sa-ry,  a.  Returning 

at  a stated  time,  yearly. 

An-nounce7,  v.  To  make 

known,  to  publish,  to  pro- 
claim. 

An-nuF,  v.  To  make  void  or 

of  no  effect. 

A-nom7a-ly,  n.  Deviation  from 

the  common  rule. 

An7swer9  n.  A reply;  a de- 
fense. 

An-tag7o-nism,  n.  Opposition, 

counteraction. 

An-te-ced7ent,  a.  Going  before 

in  time. 

An-te7ri-or,  a . Prior,  anteced- 
ent. 

....  W.  .An-tip'a-thy,  n . Aversion  or 
dislike,  distaste. 

Anx7ious,  a.  Concerned,  solic- 

s , itous,  in  suspense. 

&Ap7a-tliy,  n.  Indifference,  un- 
concern. 


12 


DEAUGHON’s  PEAGTICAIi  SPELLEE. 


Ap'er-ture,  n.  An  opening,  a 

nole. 

........  A-poFo-gize,  v . To  make  an 

apology  or  excuse. 

Ap^-plex-y,  n.  Sudden  loss  of 

consciousness. 

A-pos'ta-sy,  n.  The  abandon- 
ment of  a profession  or  faith, 
especially  one’s  religious  faith. 

Ap-palF,  v.  To  dismay,  terri- 
fy, depress. 

Ap-pa-raTus,  n.  Things  pro- 
vided as  a means  to  an  end. 

Ap-par'el,  n . Clothing,  dress, 

garb. 

Ap-peaF,  v.  To  make  earnest 

request. 

Ap-pease',  v . To  calm,  to  pac- 
ify- 

Ap-peHant,  n . One  who  ap- 
peals. 

Ap'pel-lee,  n . The  person  ap- 
pealed against. 

Ap-plaucF,  v.  To  praise,  to  ap- 
prove. 

... Ap-pre'ci-ate,  v.  To  value,  to 

estimate  justly. 

Ap-preiFtice,  n . One  bound  to 

another  for  a term  in  order 
to  learn  an  art  or  a trade. 

Ap-proye',  v . To  sanction,  to 

regard  as  good. 

Ap-proxT-mate,  a.  Approach- 
ing correctness,  nearly  exact. 

Ap-pur'te-nance,  n.  That  which 

y w belongs  to  something  else. 

AqTie-duet,  n.  An  artificial 

channel  for  conveying  water. 

Ar'a-ble,  a . Fit  for  plowing  or 

tillage. 

Ar-bi-tra'tion,  n.  Hearing  and 

determination  of  a cause  be- 
tween parties. 

ArTd,  a . Exhausted  of  mois- 
ture. 

Ar'mor,  n.  Steel  or  iron  cov- 
ering. 

Ar-raigiF,  v.  To  bring  before 

a bar  for  trial. 

Ar-rangeTnent,  n.  The  put- 
ting into  an  orderly  condition. 

Ar-resF,  v.  To  stop,  to  hinder, 

to  seize. 

Ar'ro-gate,  v.  To  assume  or 

claim  unduly. 

As-cer-tanF,  v.  To  find  out  for 

a certainty. 

... As-^Fjc,  n . One  who  prac- 

tices extreme  self-denial. 

.. As-perT-ty . n.  Severity,  harsh- 

ness, crabbedness. 


As-saiF,  v . To  attack  with  vio- 
lence. 

As-serF,  v . To  affirm,  to  state 

uositively. 

Assets,  n . All  property  of  a 

person,  corporation,  estate. 

• As-sigiF,  v.  To  transfer  or 

make  over  to  another. 

As-sign-ee',  n . One  to  whom 

an  assignment  is  made. 

........  As-so-ci-a'tion,?!.  Union  of  per- 
sons for  a particular  purpose. 

As-sorFment,  n.  A variety  of 

sorts  adapted  to  various  wants. 

As-suage',  v . To  appease  or 

pacify. 

As-sure',  v.  To  make  sure  01 

certain. 

As-tute',  a . Sagacious 

shrewd,  crafty. 

Ath-ieFic,  a.  Strong,  muscu 

lar.  robust. 

At-tactF,  v.  To  bind,  fasten 

tie;  to  take  by  legal  authority 

At-taclF,  v . To  assail,  to  fal 

upon  with  force. 

At-teiFu-ate,  v.  To  make  thir 

or  slender. 

At-tracF,  v.  To  draw  by  influ 

ence. 

Anc-tion-e.er/9  n.  A person 
who  sells  things  by  auction. 

AjtFdi-tor,  n.  A person  who  ad 

justs  accounts. 

AtFger,  n.  An  instrument  fq/» 

boring  holes. 

Aug-menF,  v.  To  enlarge  or  ii? 

crease. 

/AxFgur.  v.  To  predict,  or  for*« 

tell. 

Au-then'tic,  a . Not  of  doubt 

f ul  origin,  real.  V\ 

Au-thorT-ty,  n . Legal  or  right- 
ful power. 

Au-to-mo'bile,  n.  A self-pro- 
pelling vehicle. 

Aux»iFfa-ry9  n.  A helper,  an 

assistant. 

A-vaiFa-ble,  a . Advantageous, 

convertible  into  a resource. 

Ay-a-rFciqus,  a.  Greedy  of 

gain. 

A-verTnent,  n.  Affirmation, 

positive  assertion. 

Av-o-ca'tion,  n.  That  which 

calls  one  away  from  one’s  reg- 
ular employment. 

A-ward'',  v.  To  assign  or  ap 

portion. 

Ax?  n.  An  instrument  for  cut* 

ting. 


lraughon’s  practical  speller. 


B. 


13 


.Babble,  v.  To  talk  incoherent- 
ly, to  utter  unmeaning  words. 

* j Ba^el,  n.  A place  or  scene  of 

/ noise  or  confusion. 

* i Bac-ca-lau7re-ate,  n.  The  de- 

gree of  Bachelor  of  Arts. 

*/ Bac-cha-na7li«an,  a.  Given  to 

reveling  and  drunkenness. 

*  Bach7e-lor,  n.  An  unmarried 

■ man  of  any  age. 

Back-bone7,  n.  Firmness,  mor- 
al principle,  steadfastness. 

Back7set,  n.  A check,  a re- 
lapse, a discouragement. 

Backslide,  v.  To  slide  back; 

to  fall  away. 

Badge,  n.  A distinctive  mark, 

sign,  token. 

Ba-di-nage7,  n.  Playful  rail- 
lery, banter. 

Baf7fle,  v . To  check,  discon- 
cert, frustrate. 

Bag-a-! telle7,  n.  A trifle,  a 

thing  of  no  importance. 

Bali  (ba),  inter  j.  An  exclama- 
tion expressive  of  contempt. 

*  Bail,  v.  To  set  free,  to  deliver 

from  arrest  or  out  of  custody. 

*  Bail^ond,  n.  A bond  or  obli- 

gation gi  ven  by  a prisoner  and 
his  surety. 

Bail-ee7,  n . The  person  to 

whom  goods  are  committed 
in  trust. 

Bailment,  n . The  action  of 

bailing  a person  accused. 
Bait,  n.  Anything  which  al- 
lures, tempts,  entices. 

* Bal7ance,  n.  An  apparatus  for 

weighing. 

*  Bal7ance,  v.  To  make  the  sums 

of  the  debits  and  credits  of  an 
account  equal. 

Bald,  a . Destitute  of  the  natu- 
ral covering  on  the  head  or 
top. 

Bale,  n.  A bundle  or  package 

of  goods. 

Bale7ful,  c».  Destructive,  woe- 
ful, sad. 

Balk,  v.  To  foil,  to  baffle,  to 
thwart. 

*  Bal7last,  n.  Any  heavy  sub- 

stance put  into  a ship’s  hold 
to  prevent  capsizing. 

Bal7lot,  n.  A printed  or  writ- 
ten ticket  used  in  voting. 
.Balm,  n.  Anything  that  heals 
or  mitigates  pain. 


. . .Ban,  n.  A curse,  or  anathema; 
a prohibition  or  proscription. 

. ..Band7age,  n.  A strip  of  cloth 
used  for  dressing  or  binding 
up  wounds. 

. ..Bane7fnl,  a . Injurious,  de- 
structive, deadly. 

X*<Ban7ish,  v.  To  drive  out,  to 
compel  to  depart. 

. . .Bank,  n.  An  establishment  for 
the  custody,  loan,  and  ex- 
change of  money. 

...Bank7er,  n.  One  who  con- 
ducts the  business  of  banking. 

. . .Bank7note,  n.  A promissory 
note  issued  by  a bank,  pay- 
able on  demand. 

...Bankrupt,  n.  A person  judi- 
cially declared  to  be  unable 
to  meet  his  liabilities. 

. . .Banns,  n . Notice  of  proposed 
‘"“marriage. 

. . . Ban7qnet,  n.  A feast,  a sumptu- 
ous entertainment. 

...Ban7ter,  v.  To  ridicule,  to 
rally. 

...Bap7tism,  n.  The  application 
of  water  to  a person  as  a re- 
ligious rite. 

...Bar«  n.  A tribunal;  anything 
wnich  obstructs  or  hinders. 

...Bar^a-rous,  a.  Uncivilized, 
rude. 

. . .Bar7gain,  n.  An  agreement  or 
stipulation;  an  advantageous 
purchase. 

...Barge,  n . A large,  roomy 
boat. 

...Bar7ren,  a.  Unproductive, 
fruitless,  empty. 

...Bar7ri-cade,  v.  To  stop  up,  to 
obstruct. 

. . .Bar7ri-er,  n.  An  obstruction; 
a boundary. 

. . .Bar7ter,  v.  To  traffic  or  trade, 
to  exchange. 

. . .Base,  n.  The  bottom,  the  sup- 
port, the  foundation,  of  any- 
thing. 

...Base,  a.  Low-minded,  un- 
worthy, mean. 

. . . Bash7ful-ness,  n.  Excessive 
modesty,  shamefacedness. 

...Bass,  n.  A deep  tone;  lowest 
part  in  a musical  composition. 

. . .Bat7ten,  n . The  movable  bar 
of  a loom. 

...Bauble,  n.  A cheap,  showy 
plaything. 


14 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Bawl,  v.  To  cry  loudly,  to 

shout. 

Bay'oa  (bi'oo),  n.  An  inlet 

from  a large  body  of  water. 

Ba-zaar',  n.  A fair  for  the  sale 

of  fancy  wares,  etc. 

Beach,  n.  The  shore  of  the  sea 

or  of  a lake. 

Beak,  n.  The  bill,  or  nib,  of  a 

bird. 

Bearer,  n . A large  drinking 

cup,  with  a wide  mouth. 

Bear,  v.  To  sustain,  support; 

to  bring  forth. 

Bear,  n.  An  animal;  a brutal, 

coarse  person. 

Be-a-tif'ic,  a.  Haying  the 

power  to  impart  blissful  en- 
joyment. 

Be-at'i-tude,  n.  Felicity,  hap- 
piness, blessedness. 

.Beck,  n.  A nod  or  motion,  as 

a call  or  command. 

Be-drag'gle,  v.  To  draggle;  to 

soil,  as  in  mud  or  dust. 

Beech,  n.  A tree  of  the  genus 

Fagus. 

...Beer,  n . A fermented  liquor 

made  from  malted  grain. 

.Beet,  n.  A plant,  the  roots  of 

which  are  used  for  food. 

Be-get',  v.  To  generate,  to 

produce. 

.Be-gone',  inter j.  Go  away,  de- 
part. 

Be-grudge',  v.  To  grudge  or 

envy. 

Be-guile',  v.  To  deceive  or  im- 
pose upon,  to  lure. 

Be-hav'ior,  n.  Manner  of  be- 
having, conduct. 

Be-hind',  prep.  On  the  back 

side,  at  the  back  of. 

Be-hold7,  v . To  have  in  sight, 

to  see  clearly,  to  look  at. 

Be-hoove',  v.  To  be  necessary, 

fit,  or  suitable. 

Be-lea'guer,  v.  To  besiege,  to 

blockade. 

Be-lieve',  v.  To  exercise  belief 

in,  to  regard  or  accept  as  true. 

..Belles-lettres  (bel-let/ter),  n . 

Polite  literature. 

Bel-lig'er-ent,  a.  Carrying  on 

war,  engaged  in  warfare. 

.Be-lOY'edjjp.p.  and  a . Greatly 

loved. 

Bend,  v.  To  crook  by  strain- 
ing. 

Ben'e-dict,  n . A man  newly 

married. 


Ben-e-diction,  n . A bless^ 

in  g. 

Be-neft-cence,  n.  Active 

goodness,  kindness,  or  char- 
ity. 

.Ben-e-fFci-a-ry,  n . One  who 

receives  anything  as  a gift. 

Bent-fit,  v.  To  do  good  to,  to 

be  useful  to. 

Be-nign',  a . Gracious,  gener- 
ous, favorable. 

Be-queath',  v.  To  give  or  leave 

by  will. 

Be-reave',  v . To  make  desti- 
tute, to  deprive,  to  strip. 

Berth,  n . A sleeping  place  in 

a railway  car  or  on  a ship. 

Be-seech',  v . To  ask  or  en 

treat  with  urgency. 

Be-siege',  v.  To  beset  or  wir 

round  with  armed  forces. 

Bestial,  a . Brutal,  carna' 

sensual. 

Bevtl,  n . Any  angle  other 

than  a right  angle. 

Bevtr-age,  n . L i q u i d for 

drinking. 

Bev'y,  n.  A company,  an  as 

sembly. 

Be-ware',  v.  To  be  cautiou^ 

to  take  care,  to  be  on  one  8 
guard. 

BFas?  v.  T o influence,  t * 

prejudice. 

..Bity-cle,  n.  A light  vehicle 

having  two  wheels,  one  be 
hind  the  other. 

Bid,  n . An  offer  of  a price,  es 

pecially  at  an  auction. 

Bi-en'ni-al,  a . Taking  place 

once  in  two  years. 

Bier,  n . A frame  on  which  a 

corpse  is  carried. 

. .Big'a-my,  n.  The  offense  of  a 

married  person  marrying 
again  without  having  secured 
a divorce. 

Big'ot-ed,  a.  Blindly,  obsti- 
nately attached  to  some  creed, 
opinion,  or  belief. 

Bilk,  v.  To  defraud,  to  leave 

in  the  lurch. 

BiFliards,  n . A game  played 

with  ivory  balls  on  a cloth, 
covered  table. 

BiFlings-gate,  n.  Coarsely 

abusive,  foul,  or  profane  lan- 
guage. 

Bi-met'al-lism,  n . Legalized 

use  of  two  metals  in  currency 
at  a fixed  relative  value. 


dkaughon’s  practical  speller. 


15 


.Bivped,  a.  Having  two  feet, 
two-footed. 

.Birth,  n.  The  act  of  being 
born;  lineage,  extraction. 

.Birthmark,  n.  A peculiar 
mark  on  the  body  at  birth. 

.Bishop,  n.  A spiritual  over- 
seer, director. 

Bit,  n.  The  part  of  a bridle  in- 
serted in  a horse’s  mouth;  a 
mite,  a little  thing. 

.Bit7ter-ness,  n.  Resentfulness, 
severity,  deep  distress,  grief. 

.Bi-tu7men,  n.  Mineral  pitch, 
used  in  cements,  etc. 

.Blackguard,  n.  A scoundrel, 
a rough. 

.Blackmail,  v.  To  extort 
money  from  by  threats  of  in- 
jury. 

.Blame,  v.  To  censure,  to  find 
fault  with,  to  reproach. 

.Blanch,  v . To  take  the  color 
out  of. 

.Blan7dish-ment,  n.  Soft  words, 
artful  caresses,  cajolery. 

.Blank,  n.  Void  space,  especially 
on  paper  or  in  a written  in- 
strument. 

.Blas-pheme7,  v.  To  speak  of 
or  address  with  impious  rev- 
erence. 

.Bleach,  v.  To  make  white,  or 
whiter. 

.Bleak,  a.  Cold,  cutting,  cheer- 
less. 

.Bleat,  v.  To  cry  like  a sheep 
or  a calf. 

.Bleed,  v.  To  emit  blood,  to  lose 
blood. 

.Blemish,  n . Any  mark  of  in- 
firmity or  injury. 

.Blend,  v.  To  mingle,  to  unite 
intimately. 

.Bless,  v.  To  make  happy;  to 
grant  divine  favor  to. 

.Blight  , n.  Mildew,  decay;  that 
which  impairs  or  destroys. 

.Blind,  a.  Destitute  of  the  sense 
of  seeing;  destitute  of  intellec- 
tual light. 

.Blink,  v.  To  avoid  or  evade, 
to  shirk. 

.Blizzard,  n.  A gale  of  pier- 
cingly cold  wind. 

.Blood7thirst-y,  a.  Cruel,  san- 
guinary, murderous. 

.Blot,  n.  A spot  or  stain;  a dis- 
grace, a reproach.  j 

.Bluff,  n.  A high,  steep  bank;  I 
an  act  of  bluffing.  J 


V.' 


.Blunder,  n.  A gross  error  or 
mistake. 

.Blunt,  a . Having  a thick  edge 
or  point. 

Blur,  v.  To  render  obscure,  to 
sully,  to  stain. 

.Bluster,  v.  To  blow  fitfully 
with  violence  and  noise. 

.Boast,  v.  To  vaunt  one’s  self, 
to  brag. 

.Boar,w.  The  uncastrated  male 
of  swine. 

.Bod7y,  n.  The  material  sub- 
stance of  an  animal. 

.Bodyguard,  n . A guard  to 
protect  or  defend  the  person. 

.Boil,  v.  To  heat  to  the  boiling 
point. 

.Bold,  a.  Brave,  daring,  ven- 
turesome. 

.Boll,  n.  The  pod  or  capsule  of 
a plant. 

.Bomb  (bum),  n.  A spherical 
shell. 

.Bom-bard7,  v.  To  attack  with 
shells  or  artillery. 

.Bombast,  n.  High-sounding 
words. 

.Bond,  n.  A writing  binding  a 
person  to  perform  or  pay. 

.Bonds7man,  n.  A surety,  one, 
who  is  bound. 

.Bon7net,  n.  A covering  for  the', 
head,  used  by  women. 

.Book,  n.  Sheets  of  paper* 
printed  or  blank,  bound  into 
a volume. 

.Book^eep-ing,  n.  The  record- 
ing of  ousiness  transactions 
in  a regular  and  systematic 
manner. 

.Boon,  n.  A gift,  a benefaction, 
a grant,  a present. 

.Border,  n.  The  outer  part  or 
edge. 

.Bore,  v.  To  make  a hole  or 
perforation. 

Born,  p.p.  and  a.  Brought 
forth. 

.Borne,  p.  p.  of  bear.  Carried, 
conveyed;  defrayed. 

Bor7row,  v.  To  receive  as  a 
loan. 

Bosh,  n.  Empty  talk,  non- 
sense. 

Bot7a-ny,  n.  The  science  of 
the  structure  of  plants. 

Both7er,  v.  To  annoy,  to 
worry. 

Bou-illon7  (boo-yon7),  n . A 
clear  soup  or  broth. 


16 


lraughon’s  practical  speller. 


BouTe-vard*  n.  A broad  ave- 
nue. 

BoundTi-ry*  n . That  which  in- 
dicates or  fixes  a limit. 

Bou-queF*  n.  A bunch  of  flow- 
ers. 

Bow  (bou),  n.  An  inclination  of 

the  head  or  bending  of  the 
body. 

Bow  (bo),  n.  A weapon,  a 

knot. 

Bow'el*  n.  One  of  the  intes- 
tines. 

Bow'er*  n.  A rustic  cottage  or 

abode. 

Bowl*  n.  A concave  vessel  to 

hold  liquids,  etc. 

BowFder*  n.  A large  stone,  a 

mass  of  rock. 

Box*  v . To  inclose  in  a 

box. 

Box*  v.  To  fight  with  the  fists, 

to  spar. 

Boycott*  v.  To  combine 

against,  so  as  to  injure  finan- 
cially or  socially. 

....... .Brag*  v.  To  boast,  bluster,  talk 

Mg. 

.Brain*  n.  The  organ  or  seat  of 

intellect. 

.Brake*  n.  Mechanism  for  stop- 
ping or  retarding  motion. 

Brand*  n.  A mark  to  designate 

the  quality  of  goods. 

........Brave*  a . Bold,  courageous, 

daring. 

Breach*  n.  Nonfulfillment  of 

promise,  infraction  of  law. 

Bread*  n.  An  article  of  food, 

made  from  flour  or  meal. 

....... .Break*  v.  To  sever,  to  divide 

with  violence. 

.Breech*  n.  The  hinder  part  of 

a firearm. 

BreeclFes*  n.  A garment  worn 

by  men. 

Breed*  v.  To  generate,  to  be- 
get. 

Bribe*  v.  To  promise  or  give 

reward  in  order  to  corrupt 
legislation,  etc. 

........  Bridal,  a . Pertaining  to  a 

bride. 

BrFdle*  n.  The  headgear  of  a 

horse. 

BrFer,  n.  A plant  having 

stout  prickles. 

Brim,  n.  The  rim  or  upper 

edge,  the  margin. 

* Bring*  v.  To  convey,  to  con- 

duct, to  carry. 


Broach,  v.  To  publish  first,  to 

utter. 

Brogue*  n.  A dialectic  pronun- 
ciation. 

Broker*  n . An  agent  or  mid- 
dleman, a negotiator. 

Brooch  (broch),  n.  An  orna- 
ment, a breastpin. 

. . « ; - -BrotlFer*  n.  A male  person 
with  the  same  parents  as  an- 
other person. 

Brother  (pi.  brethren),  n.  One 

belonging  to  the  same  society 
or  fraternity. 

Bruise*  v.  To  injure,  as  by  a 

blow  or  a collision. 

Bruit,  v.  To  report,  to  noise 

abroad. 

Brute*  n.  An  animal  destitute 

of  reason;  a brutal  person. 

Bubble*  v.  To  run  with  a 

gurgling  noise. 

Bu-coFic,  a.  Pastoral,  rus- 
tic. 

Budge*  v.  To  move  off,  to 

walk  away. 

Buf-fet7  (boof-fa^,  n.  A cup- 
board for  the  display  of 
china,  plate,  etc. 

BuFfet,  v.  To  strike  with  the 

hand. 

Build*  v . To  erect,  to  con- 
struct. 

Bulk,  n.  The  main  mass  or 

body. 

Bull*  n . The  male  of  cattle;  an 

operator  on  the  stock  ex- 
change. 

BuFlet*  n.  A missile,  usually 

of  lead. 

BuFle-tin*  n.  A brief  statement 

of  information  to  the  public. 

BuFlion*  n.  Uncoined  gold  or 

silver. 

.BuiFcombe*  n.  Anything  said 

for  mere  show. 

Bunk,  n.  A rude  wooden 

bed. 

Buoy  (bwoi),  n.  A floating  ob- 
ject. 

Burden*  n.  A load;  that  which 

i3  borne  with  labor  or  diffi- 
culty. 

9,.Bu  -reau'cra-cy*  n.  A system 

of  carrying  on  government  by 
means  of  bureaus  or  depart- 
ments. 

Bur-lesque'*  n.  Ludicrous  rep- 
resentation, exaggerated  par- 
ody. 

Bur'ro*  n.  A donkey. 


DRAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


17 


Bur'row,  n.  A habitation  in 
the  ground  for  rabbits, 
etc. 

.Burst,  v.  To  fly  apart  or  in 

pieces. 

Bur'y,  v.  To  cover  out  of 
sight. 

.Business,  n.  Regular  occu- 
pation. 

But,  prep . Except,  besides, 
save. 

.Butt,  n.  The  thicker  end  of 
anything. 


Buy,  v . To  acquire  by  paying 
the  price. 

By,  prep.  Next  to,  not  far 
from,  close  to,  etc. 

, Bygone,  n.  Something  gone  by 
or  past,  a past  event. 

By'-Iaw,  n.  A law  less  im- 
portant than  a general  law. 

By'-prod'uct,  n.  A secondary 
or  additional  product. 

By/stand-er,  n . One  who 
stands  near,  a spectator. 

. Byword,  n.  A common  saying. 


C 

Ca-baF,  n.  A secret  associa- 
tion of  designing  persons. 

. Cab'in,  n.  A hut;  a room  in  a 

ship  for  passengers  or  officers. 

*  Cab'i-net,  n . An  advisory 

council. 

Ca'ble,  n.  A large,  strong  rope 

or  chain. 

Cackle,  n.  A noise  made  by  a 

hen. 

....... Ca-dav'er-ous,  a . Pale,  ghast- 
ly., 

. Ca-fe'  (ka-fa7),  n.  A restau- 

rant. 

Ca-lanFi-ty,  n.  Great  mis- 
fortune, cause  of  misery. 

» CaFci-mine,  v . To  wash  or 

cover  with  calcimine. 

........ CaFcu-late,  v.  To  determine 

by  mathematical  processes. 

... CaFen-dar,  n.  Orderly  ar- 

rangement of  the  divisions  of 
time. 

CaFi-ber,  n.  Diameter  of  bore 

of  a firearm. 

Call,  n.  Privilege  to  demand 

delivery  of  stock. 

........  Cal-lFo-pe,  n.  A musical  in- 
strument having  steam  whis- 
tles. 

CaFlous,  a.  Hardened,  insen- 
sible, unfeeling. 

Calm.  n.  Stillness,  quiet,  tran- 
quillity. 

..Ca-lunFni-ate,  v.  To  accuse 

falsely  and  maliciously. 

CanFe-ra,  n.  An  instrument 

for  taking  photographs. 

••••«•*.  Cam-paign  , n.  Military  opera- 
tions; political  operations  pre- 
ceding an  election. 

• • • . . • . . CanFphor , n.  An  aromatic  res- 

in, or  gum. 

••••....Can,  n.  A.  vessel  for  holding 
liquids. 


Can,  v.  To  be  able;  to  preserve 
by  putting  in  sealed  cans. 

Ca-naF,  n.  An  artificial  chan- 
nel filled  with  water. 

CaiFcel,  v.  To  blot  out,  to  ob- 
literate. 

Can/did,  a.  Fair,  just,  impar- 
tial. 

CaiFdi-date,  n.  A contestant 
for  office,  privilege,  or 
honor. 

CaiFker,  v.  To  corrode,  to  eat 
away. 

CaiFni-bal,  n . A human  being 
that  eats  human  flesh. 

Cannon,  n . A great  gun,  a fire* 
arm  lor  discharging  heavy 
shot. 

CaiFon,  n . A law,  a rule  of 
doctrine  or  discipline. 

Cannon  (kan'yun),  n.  A deep 
gorge,  ravine,  or  gulch. 

CaiFo-py,  n.  A rooflike  cover- 
ing. 

Cant,w.  Jargon,  empty  speech, 
hypocrisy. 

CaiFta-loupe,  n.  A musk- 
melon. 

CaouFchouc  (koo/chook),  n . In- 
dia rubber. 

Ca'pa-ble,  a.  Possessing  abili- 
ty, qualification;  having  ca- 
pacity. 

Ca-pac'i-ty,  n.  Room,  recep- 
tive faculty. 

Ca'pi-as,  n.  A writ  command- 
ing to  take  into  custody. 

Capital*  n.  Money,  property, 
or  stock  employed  in  trade. 

Cap'i-tol,  n.  The  building  in 
which  is  located  the  seat  of 
government  of  a nation  or  a 
State. 

Ca-prFcious,  a.  Whimsical, 
apt  to  change  suddenly. 


18 


DKAUGHON’S  practical  speller. 


X 


K 


««••• 

*•••• 


Cap'tion,  n.  The  part  of  a legal 
instrument  showing  where, 
when,  and  by  what  authority 
it  was  taken,  etc.;  the  head- 
ing of  a chapter,  section,  or 
page. 

. .Cap'tious,  a . Disposed  to  find 
fault. 

. .Cap'ti-vate,  v.  To  fascinate, 
enchant,  charm. 

. . Capture,  v.  To  seize,  to  secure 
by  effort. 

. .Carcass,  n.  The  dead  body  of 
a beast. 

. .Car'di-nal,  a.  Chief,  principal, 
preeminent. 

..Care,  w.  Anxiety,  concern,  so- 
licitude, trouble. 

. .CarT-ca-ture,  n.  A pictorial 

exaggeration. 

. .Car-niv'o-rous,  a.  Eating  or 
feeding  on  flesh. 

. .Carte-blanche',  n . Unlimited 
authority. 

. .Cash*  n . Ready  money;  coin, 

specie. 

. . Cashbook,  n.  A book  in  which 
is  kept  a record  of  money  re- 
ceived or  paid  out. 

. .Cash-ier',  n.  One  who  has 
charge  of  money. 

..Cast,  v.  To  throw,  fling,  hurl; 
to  drop,  deposit. 

. . Caste,  n.  A separate  class  of 
persons  in  society. 

. .Cas'u-al,  a.  Accidental,  com- 
ing by  chance. 

. .CaUa-Iogue,  n.  A list,  record, 
roll,  inventory. 

. .Catch'y,  a.  Apt  to  catch  the 
fancy  or  attention. 

. . CaUe-chise,  v.  To  instruct  by 
asking  questions. 

. .Ca'ter,  v.  To  buy,  procure,  or 
prepare  provisions. 

. . Cat'er-pil-lar,  n . A large,  hairy 
worm. 

. .Ca-the'dral,  n.  The  principal 
church  in  a diocese. 

. . Caucus,  n.  A political  primary 
meeting. 

. . Caus'al,  a.  Expressing  a cause, 
causative. 

..Cause,  n.  Reason,  motive;  a 
suit  or  action  in  court. 

..Cau'tion,  n.  Prudence,  care, 
forethought. 

..Cavern,  n.  A hollow  place  in 
the  earth,  a cave. 

. .Cav'ii,  v.  To  find  fault  without 
good  reason. 


Cease,  v.  To  stop,  quit,  discon- 
tinue. 

Cede,  v.  To  yield  or  surren- 
der. 

Ce-leb'ri-ty,  n.  A person  of 
distinction  or  renown. 

Ce-ler'i-ty,  n.  Quickness,  swift- 
ness. 

Ce-lesTial,  a.  Heavenly,  di- 
vine. 

Ce-menU,  n.  Substance  used 
for  making  bodies  adhere. 

.Census,  n . A numbering  of 
the  people. 

Cen'tu-ry,  n.  A hundred;  a pe- 
riod of  a hundred  years. 

, Cer'e-mo-ny,  n.  An  act  in 
celebration  of  some  rite  or 
event. 

, Certain,  a . Assured,  having 
no  doubts. 

. Challenge,  n.  An  invitation  to 
contest  or  controversy. 

.Cha-lyb'e-ate,  a.  Impregnated 
with  salts  of  iron. 

.Cham'ois  (sham'my),  n.  Soft 
leather  made  from  the  skin  of 
the  chamois. 

. Chamber- ty,  n.  Prosecution  or 
defense  of  a suit  by  one  who 
has  no  interest  therein. 

.Chan'cel-lor,  n.  A judicial  of 
fleer  of  high  rank. 

. Chan/cer-y,  n.  A court  of  equi- 
ty. 

. Clian-de-lier7,  n.  A candlestick 
or  lamp  stand  having  several 
branches. 

.Channel,  n.  That  through 
which  anything  passes. 

.Cha'os,  n.  Confusion,  disor- 
der. 

.Chapter,  n.  A division  of  a 
book  or  treatise. 

.Charge,  n.  Entry  of  what  is 
due  from  one  to  another. 

.Char'i-ty,  n.  Love,  good  will, 
alms. 

.Charm,  n.  Fascination,  attrac- 
tion. 

.Charter,  n.  An  instrument 
bestowing  rights,  privileges, 
or  franchises. 

.Chase,  n.  An  earnest  seeking 
after  an  object  greatly  de- 
sired. 

.Chaste,  a . Pure,  innocent,  vir- 
tuous. 

.Chattel,  n.  Any  item  of  mov- 
able or  immovable  property, 
except  the  freehold. 


draughon’s  practical,  speller. 


19 


Check,  n.  A written  order  di- 
recting a bank  to  pay  money 
as  therein  stated. 

Chief,  a.  Highest  in  rank,  prin- 
cipal. 

Chimney,  n.  A shaft  or  flue 

for  the  escape  of  smoke. 

*  Chi-rog'ra-phy,  n.  Handwrit- 

ing- 

Chiv'al-ry,  n.  Dexterity  in 

arms;  courtesy,  etc. 

Choice,  n.  Act  of  choosing; 

care  in  selecting. 

. # Choir  (kwire),  n.  A company  of 

singers. 

Christen,  v.  To  give  a name, 

to  denominate. 

Chrou'i-cle,  n.  A narrative  of 

events. 

Cinder,  n . A hot  coal  without 

flame. 

, # . . . r . . Circuit,  n.  A revolution ; that 
which  encircles  anything. 

•*...*..Cir/eu-late,  v.  To  pass  from 
place  to  place,  to  be  diffused. 

»« . . , . * . Cir-cum-scribe7,  v . To  hem  in, 
to  surround. 

Cir'cum- stance,  n . An  attend- 
ant thing  or  state  of  things. 

Cir-cum-staiFtial,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  circumstances. 

*  Cir-cum-vent7,  v.  To  gain  ad- 

vantage over. 

Cite,  v.  To  summon;  to  quote; 

to  refer  to. 

CiFi-zeu,  n.  One  who  owes  al- 
legiance to,  and  is  entitled  to 
protection  from,  a govern- 
ment. 

Ci-viFi-ty,  n.  Courtesy,  polite- 
ness. 

Claim,  n.  The  demand  of  a 

right  or  supposed  right. 

Clan-des7tine,  a.  Kept  secret, 

hidden. 

Clar7i-fy,  v.  To  make  clear  or 

bright. 

Class,  n.  A group  of  individ- 
uals, persons,  or  things. 

Clause,  n.  A separate  portion 

of  a written  paper,  paragraph, 
or  sentence. 

Cleanse,  v.  To  render  clean;  to 

free  from  guilt. 

Cleave,  v.  To  adhere  closely; 

to  cling. 

Clerk,  n.  One  employed  to  keep 

records  or  accounts  or  to  sell 
goods. 

*».Clew,  n.  An  aid  to  the  solution 
of  a mystery. 


ClFent,  n.  One  who  consults  a 

legal  adviser. 

ClFmate,  n.  Condition  of  a 

place  in  relation  to  various 
phenomena  of  the  atmosphere, 
as  temperature,  moisture,  etc. 

ClFmax,  n . The  highest  point, 

greatest  degree. 

Clique,  w.  An  association  of  per- 
sons for  a common  purpose. 

Cloth,  n.  A fabric  of  fibrous 

material. 

Clotl  e,  v.  To  put  garments  on, 

to  * Iress. 

Clump,  n.  A cluster,  a thicket, 

a group. 

Clum/sy,  a.  Awkward,  lacking 

skill. 

Coarse,  a.  Rough,  rude,  unpoi- 

ished. 

Coax,  v.  To  persuade,  to  en- 
tice. 

Co-de-fend7ant,  n . A joint  de- 
fendant. 

Co-e7qual,  a . On  an  equality  in 

rank  or  power. 

Co-erce7,  v.  To  compel  or  en- 
force. 

Co-e7va],  a . Existing  during 

the  same  period  of  time. 

CoFfer,  n.  A receptacle  for 

money  and  other  valuables. 

. .Cog7i-tate,  v.  To  think;  to 

plan. 

Cog7ni-zance,  n.  Perception, 

observation;  hearing  a matter 
judicially. 

Co-her7ent,  a.  Making  a log- 
ical whole,  consistent. 

.Co-in-cide7,  v.  To  occur  at  the 

same  time;  to  correspond  ex- 
actly. 

Col-lapse7,  v.  To  fail  suddenly 

and  completely. 

Col-lat7er-al,  a.  Relating  to 

the  thing  under  consideration. 

Col-lect7,  v , To  gather  into  one 

body  or  place. 

College,  n.  An  incorporated 

society  for  purposes  of  in- 
struction. 

... Col-lFsion,  n.  The  act  of  strik- 

ing together. 

CoFlo-quy,  n.  Conference,  con- 
versation. 

Col-lude7,  v.  To  conspire,  to 

act  in  concert. 

Co-los7sal,  a . Of  enormous 

size,  gigantic,  huge. 

.......  .CoFumn,  n.  A pillar;  one  of  the 

divisions  of  a newspaper  page. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


..Combat,  v . To  struggle  or 

contend. 

Com-bi-na7tion,  n.  A union  or 

alliance  of  persons  to  effect  a 
purpose. 

Com-bus7ti-ble,  a.  Inflamma- 
ble. 

Com7e-dy,  n.  A play  in  which 

mirth  predominates. 

Comedy  (kumly),  a.  Hand- 

\ some,  good-looking. 

L Com7forf,  v.  To  encourage,  re- 

lieve, console,  chesr. 

Com-mand7,  v.  Tj  direct, 

charge,  order. 

Com-men7su-rate,  a.  Equal  in 

measure  or  extent. 

.... Continent,  v.  To  make  re- 

marks, observations,  criti- 
cisms. 

Com-mer7cial,  a.  Mercantile, 

pertaining  to  trade. 

• Corn-mission,  v.  To  empower 

or  authorize,  to  delegate. 

Com-init7tee,  n.  One  or  more 

persons  to  whom  a matter  is 
referred. 

Com-mod7i-ty,  n.  Everything 

movable  that  is  bought  and 
sold  (except  animals). 

........  Cem7mon-er,  n . One  of  the 

common  people. 

Common- wealth,  n.  A State, 

a body  politic. 

Com-mu-ni-ca7tion,  n.  Intelli- 
gence, news,  verbal  or  written 
message. 

Compact,  n.  An  agreement  be- 
tween parties. 

Coin-par7i-son,  n . Relative  es- 
timate. 

Com-pat7i-ble,  a.  Suitable,  con- 
gruous, agreeable. 

Com-pel7,  v.  To  drive  or  urge, 

to  force,  to  constrain. 

Com-pen-sa7tion,  n.  Amends, 

remuneration,  recompense. 

Com-pete7,  v.  To  seek  or  strive 

for  the  same  thing  for  which 
another  is  seeking  or  striving. 

Com-pet7i-tor,  n.  A rival,  one 
who  competes. 

Com7ple-ment,  n.  That  which 

fills  up  or  completes. 

«•••..  ..Com7pli-cate,  v.  To  combine 
or  associate  so  as  to  make  dif- 
ficult or  intricate. 

Com7pli-ment,  n.  An  expres- 
sion of  regard  or  approbation. 

Com-ply7,  v . To  yield  assent, 

to  accord,  to  agree. 


Corn-port7,  v.  To  agree,  to  ac- 
cord, to  suit. 

Com-pose7,  v.  To  put  together, 

to  fashion. 

Com-pre-hend7,  v.  To  grasp 

with  the  understanding. 

Com7pro-mise,  n . A settlement 

by  arbitration  or  mutual  con- 
sent. 

Com-pul7so-ry,  a.  Having  the 

power  of  compulsion. 

Com-pute7,  v.  To  determine  by 

calculation. 

Con,  v . To  know,  to  under* 

stand. 

Con,  adv.  Against,  in  opposi- 

tion,  on  the  negative  side. 

Con-ceal7,  v.  To  withhold 

knowledge  of,  to  hide. 

Con-ceive7,  v.  To  take  into  th^ 

mind,  to  understand. 

Con-cem7,  n . Interest  in,  solic- 
itude; business  firm. 

Con-coct7,  v . To  devise,  to 

plan,  to  plot. 

Con-cur7,  v.  To  agree,  to  cor- 
respond. 

....... .Con-dense7,  v . To  abridge,  to 

epitomize. 

Con-de-scend7,  v.  To  stoop  or 

descend. 

Con-di7tion,  n.  State  of  being, 

rank,  position,  etc. 

Con-do7lence,  n.  Expression  of 

sympathy  in  sorrow. 

Con-du7cive,  a.  Helpful,  con- 

tributive,  tending  to  pro- 
mote. 

Con-fec7tion-er-y,  n.  Sweet 

meats,  in  general. 

Con-f er7,  v.  To  consult,  to  com- 
pare views. 

Con-fide7,  v.  To  intrust,  to  re- 
pose confidence. 

Con7fis-cate,  v.  To  seize  as  for- 
feited to  the  public  treasury. 

Con-fuse7,  v.  To  confound,  to 

render  indistinct  or  obscure. 

........  Con-fute7,  v.  To  overwhelm  by 

argument. 

Con-grat7u-late,  v.  To  wish  joy 

to. 

Con7gress,  n.  The  body  of  sen- 
ators and  representatives  of 
the  people  of  a nation. 

Con-jec7ture,  v.  To  guess,  to 

form  an  opinion  concerning. 

Con-nec7tion,  n<  Union,  alli- 
ance, relationship. 

Con-nive7,  v.  To  pretend  not 

to  see,  to  wink  at. 


21 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


.Con-nois-seur7,  n.  One  well 
versed  in  any  subject. 

. Conscious , a.  Sensible,  aware, 
cognizant. 

.Con-sen7sus,  n.  Agreement, 
accord,  consent. 

.Con-ser-va7tion,  n.  Tbe  act  of 
preserving,  guarding,  or  pro- 
tecting. 

.Con-sign7ment,  n.  Goods  or 
commodities  sent  at  one  time 
to  a consignee. 

.Con-sol7i-date,  v.  To  unite,  to 
combine. 

. Con-spire7,  v.  To  plot  together; 
to  concur  to  one  end. 

.Con-strain7,  v.  To  hold  back 
by  force. 

.Con-struct7,  v . To  build,  to 
erect. 

.Con-strue7,  v.  To  interpret,  to 
put  a construction  upon. 

.Con-sume7,  v.  To  destroy, 
swallow  up,  ingulf,  exhaust. 

.Con-ta7gious,  a.  Communica- 
ble by  contact. 

.Con-temn7,  v.  To  despise,  to 
scorn. 

, Con-tem7po-ra-ry,  a.  Living, 
occurring,  or  existing  at  the 
same  time. 

, Con7test,  n.  Strife  in  argument, 
controversy,  debate,  alterca- 
tion. 

,Con-tig7u-ous,  a . Near,  adja- 
cent, touching. 

,Con-tin7gent,  a . Possible,  or 
liable,  but  not  certain. 

Contract,  n.  An  agreement, 
a compact. 

,Con7tra-ry,  a.  Opposite,  ad- 
verse. 

Con-tra-vene7,  v.  To  oppose, 
to  contradict,  to  defeat. 

,Con-trib7u-to-ry,  a.  Promot- 
ing, aiding. 

, Con^tro-ver-sy,  n.  Contention, 
dispute,  debate. 

Con-vene7,  v.  To  assemble,  to 
meet,  to  congregate. 

Con-ven7tion-al,  a . Sanctioned 
by  usage. 

Converse,  a.  Turned  about, 
reversed. 

Con-verse7,  v.  To  discourse, 
talk,  chat. 

Con-vey7,  v.  To  transfer  or  de- 
liver to  another. 

Con-vey 7an-cer,  n.  One  who 
draws  up  conveyances  of 
property. 


. .Con-vict7,  v . To  prove  or  find 
guilty. 

..Co-op7er-ate,  v.  To  operate 
jointly  with  another. 

. . Cop7y,  n.  A transcript  or  repro- 
duction of  an  original  work. 

>.Cor7ol-la-ry,  n.  Something 
wmcn  ionows  from  xne  dem- 
onstration of  a proposition. 

. .Cor-po-ra7tion,  n.  A body  pol-! 
itic  or  corporate. 

..Corps  (kor),  n.  A body  of, 
men. 

. .Corpse,  n.  The  dead  body  of  a 
human  being. 

. .Cor-re-spond7ent,  n.  One  who 
carries  on  intercourse  by  let- 
ter or  telegram. 

. . Cor-rob7o-rate,  v.  To  confirm, 

to  establish. 

. . Coun7cil,  n.  A body  of  men  as- 
sembled for  consultation. 

. . Coun7sel,  n.  One  who  gives  ad- 
vice; the  advice  itself. 

. .Coun7ter-feit,  n.  A likeness,  a 
counterpart. 

. . Coun-ter-mand7,  v.  To  revoke, 
to  cancel. 

. . Cour7te-sy,  n.  Politeness,  civil- 
ity. 

..Cous7im  n.  A relative,  espe- 
cially xne  son  or  aaugnxer  * . 
an  uncle  or  aunt. 

..Course,  n.  Progress,  passage; 
the  act  of  moving  from  one 
point  to  another 

..Cov7e-nant,  v.  To  enter  into  a 
formal  agreement. 

. .Coy7er-ture,  n.  Condition  of  a 
woman  during  marriage,  be- 
ing considered  under  the  cover 
and  protection  of  her  husband. 

. .Coz7en,  v . To  cheat,  defraud, 
beguile. 

..Co7zy,  a.  Snug,  comfortable, 
contented. 

..Crank,  n.  A bent  portion  of 
mechanism  by  which  motion 
is  imparted  to  it;  one  given  to 
impracticable  projects. 

..Crease,  n.  A line  or  mark 
made  by  doubling  or  folding. 

. .Cre-ate7,  v.  To  bring  into  be- 
ing. 

..Crea7it,  n.  Trust  given  or  re- 
ceived. 

. . Crime,  n.  Any  violation  of  law, 
either  divine  or  human. 

..Cri7sis  (pi.  cri'ses ),  n.  The  de- 
cisive moment,  the  turning 
point. 


22 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


.Crit'i-cise,  v.  To  pass  judg- 
ment  upon. 

.Cro-chet7  (kro-sha7),  v.  To  knit 
with  a crochet  needle. 

,Cro-quet7,  n.  A game  played 
with  wooden  halls. 

.Crossbill,  n.  A bill  brought 
by  a defendant  in  an  equity 
or  chancery  suit. 

.Cruise,  n.  A sailing  to  and  fro 
on  the  ocean. 

.Cruse,  n.  A cup  or  dish;  a bot- 
tle for  holding  water,  etc. 

,Crys7tal-lize,  v.  To  cause  to 
form  crystals. 

Cul7pa-ble,  a.  Deserving  cen- 
sure, worthy  of  blame. 

Cu7mu-la-tive,  a.  Tending  to 
prove  the  same  point  as  other 
evidence. 

Cu-pid7i-ty,  n.  Inordinate  de- 
sire for  wealth. 

Currant,  n.  A small  kind  of 
seedless  raisin. 

Current,  n.  A flowing  or  pass- 
ing. 


Dahlia,  n.  A plant  bearing 

flowers  of  different  colors. 

Dainty,  n.  That  which  is  deli- 
cious or  delicate;  a delicacy. 

• Dai7sy,  n.  A plant  having  a 

yellow  disk  and  white  or  pink- 
ish rays. 

DaMy,  v.  To  fool  away  time, 

to  trifle,  to  delay. 

Damage,  n.  Injury  to  person, 

property,  or  reputation. 

Damned,  a . Hateful,  detesta- 
ble. 

. Dam/num,  n.  Harm,  detri- 

ment. 

Damper,  n . That  which 

checks. 

Dan7ger-ous,  a . Unsafe,  haz- 
ardous. 

Dare,  v.  To  venture;  to  chal- 
lenge. 

«••«•••  .Darkless,  n.  Absence  of  light; 

obscurity,  gloom,  ignorance. 

.......  .Dastard,  n.  A coward,  a pol- 
troon. 

Dative,®.  Capable  of  being  dis- 
posed of  at  will  and  pleasure. 

.. Da7tum  (pi.  da'ta ),  n . Some- 

thing given  or  admitted. 

.Daybook,  n.  A journal  of  ac- 
counts of  the  day,  in  their 
order. 


Cur7so-ry,  a.  Slight,  supers 
ficial,  careless. 

Cur-tail7,  v.  To  shorten,  to 
abridge. 

Cur7te-sy,  n.  The  life  estate  of 
a husband  in  the  lands  of  his 
deceased  wife. 

Cus7to-dy,  n.  Judicial  or  penal 
safe-keeping. 

Custom,  n.  Long-established 
practice;  pi.  tolls  or  duties 
imposed  by  law. 

Cy-clo-pe7di-a,  n.  A work  cou 

taining  information  in  all  de 
artments  of  knowledge. 
7in-der,  n.  A body  of  roller- 
like form. 

,Cym/bal,  n.  A brass  musical 
instrument,  shaped  like  a flat 
plate. 

Cyn7ic,  n . A snarler,  one  who  is 
skeptical  of  good  appearances. 
Cy'no-sure,  n.  A center  of  at- 
traction. 

Czar,  n.  The  title  of  the  Em- 
peror of  Russia. 


Day7spring,  n.  The  dawn,  the 
beginning  of  the  day. 

Deau,  a.  Deprived  of  life;  in- 
active, useless. 

Deadlock,  n.  A complete  ob- 
struction of  action. 

Deaf,  a.  Wanting  the  sense  of 
hearing. 

Deal7ing,  n . Method  of  busi- 
ness, traffic. 

De-base7,  v . To  degrade,  to 
lower. 

.De-bate7,  v.  To  dispute,  to 
argue  lor  and  against. 
.De-bauch7,  v.  To  corrupt,  to 
pollute. 

.De«ben7ture,  n.  A writing  ac- 
knowledging a debt. 
.De-bil7i-ty,  n.  Weakness,  fee- 
bleness. 

.Deb7it,  n.  An  entry  on  the 
debtor  side  of  an  account. 
•Deb-o-nair7,  a.  Courteous,  af- 
fable, gentle. 

.D6-bris7.  n . Remains,  ruins, 
rubbisn. 

.De-but7,  n . A first  appearance 
before  the  public. 

.Dec7ade,  n.  A period  of  ten 
years. 

De-camp7,  v.  To  depart  sud 

denly. 


DEAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


23 


De-ceit7,  n . Fraud,  imposition, 

duplicity. 

.......  .Decent,  a.  Becoming,  fit,  de- 
corous, modest. 

........ De-cide7,  v.  To  determine,  to 

settle. 

• . De-claim7,  v.  To  make  a form- 

al speech. 

Dec-la-ra7tiou,  n.  That  part  of 

the  pleadings  set  forth  in  a 
bill  of  cordplaint. 

....... .De-cline7,  v.  To  refuse,  reject, 

shun. 

.De-col-le«t67,  a . Low-necked 

as  to  dress. 

. . . r;  • . .De-com-pose7,  v . To  rot  or  de- 
cay. 

Dec7o-rate,  v.  To  beautify,  to 

v embellish. 

• ••••-•••  De-coy7,  v.  To  lure  into  a net 

or  snare. 

. . i De-cree7,  n.  Edict,  law,  author- 

itative rule. 

........De-cry7,  v . To  cry  down;  to 

i discredit. 

. Ded7i-cate,  v.  To  set  apart  and 

consecrate. 

De-duce7,v.  To  derive  or  draw; 

to  arrive  at  as  the  result  of 
reasoning. 

Deed,  n.  An  instrument  con- 
taining transfer,  bargain,  or 
contract. 

De-face7,  v.  To  mar,  disfigure, 

injure,  spoil. 

• ••••••  .De-fal-ca7tion,  n.  Embezzle- 

ment. 

De-fault7,  v.  To  fail  to  per- 
form or  pay. 

e-fea7sance,  n.  A rendering 
null  or  void. 

De-feat7,  v.  To  baffle,  disap- 
point, frustrate ; to  overthrow. 
,De-fend7,  v.  To  oppose  or  re- 
- sist.  * * 

,De-fend7ant,  n.  A person  re- 
quired to  make  answer  in  a 
suit  at  law.* 

,De-fi7cient,  a.  Imperfect,  inad- 
equate, defective. 

, Def7i-cit,  n . A falling  short,  de- 
ficiency in  amount  or  quality. 
De-fraud7,  v.  To  cheat,  to  over- 
reach. 

Deft,  a.  Apt,  dexterous,  clever, 
handy. 

,De-fy7,  v . To  treat  with  con- 
tempt; to  challenge. 

,De7i-fy,  v.  To  make  a god  of; 
to  treat  as  an  object  of  su- 
preme regard. 


,De7i-ty,  n.  Divinity,  Godhead; 
the  Supreme  Being. 

,De-ject7ed?  a.  Cast  down,  sad. 
low-spirited. 

,De  ju7re.  By  right,  of  right,  by 
law. 

, De-lay7,  v.  To  put  off,  defer;  to 
stop,  detain,  or  hinder. 

,Del7e-gate?  v.  To  authorize,  to 
commission. 

,De-lin7quent,  a . Failing  in 
duty. 

,De-lude7,  v . To  lead  from 
truth. 

.De-lu7sive,  a.  Tending  to  mis- 
lead the  mind. 

.De-mand7,  v.  To  call  for  ur- 
gently. 

,De-mean7or,  n.  Behavior,  de- 
portment. 

, De-mesne7(de-men7),  n.  A house, 
with  lands  adjoining,  kept  for 
the  proprietor’s  own  use. 

.De-moc7ra-cy,  n.  Government 
by  the  people. 

.Dem7on-»trate,  v.  To  show  by 
reasoning  or  proof. 

,De-mur7,  v.  To  delay,  pause, 
hesitate. 

,De-ni7al,  n.  Refusal  to  admit 
the  truth  of  a statement. 

.Den7i-zen,  n.  A dweller,  an  in- 
habitant. 

.De-nom7i-nate,  v.  To  charac- 
terize, to  designate. 

.D6-noue7ment,  n.  Solution  of 
a mystery,  issue,  outcome. 

.De-part7,  v.  To  go  away;  to 
withdraw. 

.De-pend7,  v . To  rely  for  sup- 
port. 

.De-plore7,  v . To  lament  over, 
to  sorrow. 

,De-po7nent,  n.  One  who  de- 
poses or  testifies  under  oath. 

.De-pose7,  v.  To  deprive  of  of- 
fice; to  testify  under  oath. 

.De-pos7it,  v.  To  put  into  one’s- 
hands  for  safe-keeping. 

, De-prav7i-ty,  n . W ickedness  of 
mind  or  heart. 

.Dep7ro-cate,  v.  To  disapprove 
of  strongly. 

.De-pre7ci-ate,  v.  To  lessen  in 
price. 

,Dep7u-ty,  n.  One  appointed  as 
the  substitute  of  another. 

.Der7e-lict,  a.  Neglectful,  care* 
less. 

,Der7o-gate,  v.  To  annul  in 
part. 


24 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Des-cant7,  v.  To  comment 

freely. 

e ..... . .De-scribe7,  v.  To  represent  by 

words  written  or  spoken.  | 

De-scry7,  v.  To  espy,  to  dis- 
cern. 

De-sid -e-ra7tum,  n.  A want 

generally  felt  and  acknowl- 
edged. 

, De-sign7,  n.  Preliminary 

sketch;  intention,  purpose. 

De-sire7,  n.  An  eager  wish  to 

obtain  or  enjoy. 

De-sist7,  v.  To  cease,  to  for- 
bear. 

De-spair7,  v.  To  give  up  hope 

or  expectation. 

De-spise7,  v.  To  have  a low 

opinion  of. 

Des7ti-ny,  n.  Fate,  lot,  doom; 

fixed  order  of  things. 

Des7ti-tute,  a . Deficient,  lack- 
ing. 

De-stroy7,  v.  To  ruin,  to  bring 

to  naught. 

De-tack7,  v . To  separate,  to 

disunite. 

De7tail,  n.  Account,  recital, 

explanation. 

De-tail7,  v . To  particularize, 

specify,  enumerate. 

De-tect7,  v . To  discover,  to 

find  out. 

*  De-te7ri-o-rate,  v.  To  degener- 

ate. 

De-ter7mme,  v.  To  ascertain 

definitely. 

De-test7,  v.  To  abhor,  abomi- 
nate. 

Det7i-ime,  n.  A person  or 

thing  detained. 

De-tract7,  v . To  defame,  to 

traduce. 

Det7ri-ment,  n . Harm,  mis- 
chief. 

*  Deuce,  n.  A card  or  a die  with 

two  spots. 

Dev7as-tate,  v . To  lay  waste, 

destroy,  demolish. 

*  De-vel7op,  v.  To  advance,  to 

promote  the  growth  of. 

De-vi-a7tion,  n.  Departure 

from  a course. 

De-vise7,  v . To  plan  or  scheme; 

to  invent. 

De-vise7,  n . A will,  or  testa- 
ment, conveying  real  estate. 

*  Dev-i-see7,  n . One  to  whom  a 

devise  is  made. 

De-volve7,  v.  To  pass  by  trans- 
mission or  succession. 


Dev-o-tee7,  n . One  wholly  de- 
voted. 

De-vour7,  v.  To  consume,  to 

swallow  up. 

De-vout7,  a.  Pious,  reverent, 

religious. 

Dex7ter-ous,  a.  Skillful,  art- 
ful. 

Di-a-bol7i-cal,  a.  Devilish,  in- 
fernal. 

Di-ag-no7sis,  n . Critical  per- 
ception or  scrutiny. 

Di7a-gram,  n.  A drawing  for 

mechanical  or  scientific  pur- 
poses. 

Di7a-lect,  n.  Form  of  speech, 

mode  of  expressing  thoughts. 

Di7a-mond,  n.  A preciou3 

stone. 

Di7a-ry,  n.  A daily  record,  a 

journal. 

Dick7er,  v.  To  barter;  to  trade, 

or  exchange. 

Dictate,  v.  To  utter  so  that 

another  may  write  dowrn. 

Dic-ta-to7ri-al,  a.  Imperious, 

overbearing. 

Dic7tioii-a-ry,  n.  A wordbook, 

a vocabulary. 

Di7et,  n.  Food,  victuals;  pre- 
scribed allowance  of  food. 

Dif7fer,  v . To  disagree;  to  1:* 

unlike. 

Di£-fer-eii7ti-ate,  v.  To  distin 

guish,  to  specialize. 

Dif7fi-dent,  a . Modest,  timid!  5 

bashful. 

Dig7ni-ty,  n.  True  worth,  ex  * 

cellence. 

Di-gress7,  v.  To  turn  aside,  to 

deviate. 

Di-lem7ma,  n.  A difficult  choice 

or  position,  a vexatious  pre* 
dicament. 

Di-min7u-tive,  a . Small,  below 

the  average. 

........Dint,  n.  Force,  power;  the 

mark  left  by  a blow. 

Di-plo7ma,  n.  A written  instru- 
ment conferring  privileges  or 
honors. 

Di-plo7ma-cy,  n.  Skill  in  secure 

ing  advantages. 

Di-rect7or,  n.  One  of  a body  o f 

managers. 

Dis-al-iow7,  v.  To  refuse  to  al- 
low. 

Dis-ap-point7,  v.  To  defeat  ot 

expectation  or  hope. 

Dis-ap-prove7,  v . To  pass  un 

favorable  judgment  upon. 


25 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


« i • * • e t 


»»»•*«• 


; * r 


0is-as7ter,  n.  A calamity,  a 
serious  mishap. 

.Dis-a-vow7,  v . To  disclaim,  to 
disown. 

~Dis-bar7,  v.  To  expel  from  the 
bar. 

sDis-burse7,  v.  To  pay  out,  to 
expend. 

.Dis-cern7,  v.  To  discriminate, 
to  distinguish. 

.Dis-charge7,  v.  To  unload;  to 
dismiss. 

.Dis-ci7ple,  n.  A learner,  a fol- 
lower. 

.Dis7ci-pline,  n.  Training,  drill, 
control. 

.Dis-com7fi-ture,  n.  Overthrow, 
defeat. 

.Dis-con-tin7u-ance,  n.  A break- 
ing off  or  interruption. 

.Discord,  n . Want  of  agree- 
ment. 

.Discount,  v.  To  deduct  from 
an  account,  etc. 

.Discourse,  n . A speech,  a 
treatise. 

.Dis-cov7er,  v.  To  find  out,  to 
ascertain. 

.Dis-cred7it,  v.  To  deprive  of 
credit;  to  disbelieve. 

.Dis-crep7an-cy,  n.  Disagree- 
ment, variance. 

.Dis-cre7tion,  n . Wise  conduct, 
prudence. 

.Dis-crim7i*nate,  v.  To  distin- 
guish. 

.Dis-cu37sion,  n.  Examination 
by  argument. 

.Dis-ease7,  n . Malady,  sickness, 
disorder. 

.Dis-fran7chise,  v.  To  deprive  of 
a franchise  or  of  citizen- 
ship. 

.Dis-guise7,  v.  To  cloak,  to 
mask. 

.Dis-gust7,  n.  Aversion,  dis- 
pleasure, strong  distaste. 

.Dis-hon7est'  a . Faithless,  un- 
trustworthy. 

.Dis-in-hei^it,  v.  To  cut  off  from 
an  inheritance. 

.Disk,  n . A flat,  circular  plate; 
the  surface  of  a leaf. 

*Dis-miss7,  v.  To  send  away,  to 
cause  or  permit  to  go. 

.Dis-par7age,  v.  To  depreciate, 
undervalue,  underrate. 

.Dis-patch7,  v.  To  dispose  of 
speedily. 

.Dis-perse7,  v.  To  scatter 
abroad. 


. . .Dis -place7,  v.  To  remove  from 
employment,  office,  etc. 

. . .Dis-play7,  v.  To  make  an  exhi- 
bition of. 

. . .Dis-pose7,  v.  To  distribute,  to 
arrange. 

. . .Dis7pu-tant,  n.  One  who  dis- 
putes. 

. . .Dis-qual-i-fl-ca7tion,  n.  Incom- 
petency, disability. 

. . .Dis-rep7u-ta-ble,  a.  Of  bad  re- 
pute. 

. . .Dis-seize7,  v.  To  deprive  of 
possession. 

. . .Dis-sem7ble,i;.  To  conceal  real 
facts,  motives,  or  intentions. 

. . .Dis-sem7i-nate,  v.  To  spread, 
circulate,  disperse. 

. . .Dis-sent7,  n.  Difference  of 
opinion,  disagreement. 

. . .Dis-si-pa7tion,  n.  A dissolute 
course  of  life. 

. . .Dis-soive7,  v.  To  disconnect,  to 
sunder,  to  separate. 

. . .Dis-tend7,  v.  To  stretch  out,  to 
enlarge. 

. . .Dis-tinct7,  a . Plain,  conspicu- 
ous; different,  individual. 

. . .Dis-tin7guish,  v . To  recognize 
or  discern  by  marks,  signs, 
etc. 

. . .Dis-tort7,  v.  To  wrest  from  the 
true  meaning. 

. . .Dis -tract7,  v . To  confound,  to 
harass. 

. . .Dis-trib7ute,  v.  To  divide,  deal 
out,  apportion. 

. . .Dis-turb7,  v.  To  agitate,  per* 
plex,  trouble. 

. . .Di-ur7nal,  a.  # Relating  to  the 
daytime,  daily. 

. . .Di7vers,  a . Several,  sundry, 
various. 

...Diverse,  a . Different,  unlike, 
distinct.  ^ 

...Di-vert7,  v.  To  turn  aside,  to' 
deflect. 

. . .Di-yest7,  v.  To  deprive;  to  un- 
clothe. 

...Div7i-dend,  n.  A distributive 
sum,  share,  percentage. 

. . .Di-vine7,  a . Godlike,  heavenly, 
holy. 

...Di-vorce7,  n.  Separation,  dis- 
union. 

. . .Di-vulge7,  v.  To  make  public; 
to  disclose. 

Easily  managed  or 
A calendar  of  cases 


.Doc7ile,  a. 

taught. 
.Dock7et,  n . 
for  trial. 


26 


DKAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


.. Doc'trino,  n.  Teaching,  in- 

struction;  precept,  maxim. 

•  . .Doc-u-men'ta-ry,  a.  Pertain- 

ing to  written  evidence. 

Dog-maUic,  a.  Positive,  arro- 
gantly authoritative. 

DoEor-ons,  a.  Doleful,  dismal, 

sorrowful. 

o Do'maiUj  n.  Dominion,  empire; 

authority. 

Do-mes'tic,  a.  Pertaining  to 

one’s  own  home,  nation,  or 
country. 

Domicile,  n.  A place  of  per- 
manent residence. 

DonEi-uant,  a . Ruling,  govern- 
ing, prevailing. 

.Dormant,  a.  Sleeping,  not  in 

action. 

Doubt,  n.  Uncertainty,  hesita- 
tion. 

Dough,  n.  A soft  mass  of  mois- 
tened flour  or  meal. 

« • Dough'ty,  a.  Able,  strong,  val- 

iant. 

Dow'er,  n.  Provision  for  a 

woman  on  her  husband’s 
death. 

„ Dow'ry,  n.  A bride’s  portion  at 

marriage. 

Draft,  n.  An  order  directing 

payment. 

a Dra'ma,  n.  Depiction  of  human 

life  in  a series  of  acts. 

• ••••..  .Draught,  n . A drawing,  a pull- 

ing; a current  of  air. 

Ea'ger,  a.  Keenly  desirous, 

zealous,  earnest. 

Earn,  v.  To  merit  by  labor  or 

service  performed. 

Earth/ly,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 

earth. 

Earthy  a . Consisting  of  or  re- 
sembling earth. 

or Easement,  n.  The  liberty  or 

privilege  of  one  proprietor  in 
the  estate  of  another. 

Ea'sy-go-iug,  a . Ease-loving, 

inactive. 

Eaves'drop-per,  n>  A secret 

listener. 

• ••««••  .Ebb,  v.  To  flow  back;  to  decay, 

decrease,  wane. 

•  Ec-ceu'trie,  a.  Deviating  from 

stated  methods,  forms,  or  cus- 
toms. 

Ec-cle-si-as'tic,  a . Of  or  per- 
taining to  the  Church. 


.Draw,  v.  To  pull;  to  make  a 
written  demand. 

.Draw-ee',  n.  One  who  is  drawn, 
upon. 

.Drawer,  n.  One  who  draws; 
a draughtsman. 

.Drift,  v . To  float  or  be  driven 
by  a current  of  water. 

.Drink  (imp.  drank , p.  p.  drunk\ 
v.  To  swallow  anything  liquid. 

.Drive,  v.  To  impel  or  urge  on* 
ward. 

.Drought,  n.  Want  of  rain  or 

water. 

.Du>l,  a.  Expressing,  or  con- 
sisting of,  the  number  two; 
belonging  to  two. 

.Du'bi-ous,  a.  Doubtful,  waver* 
ing. 

.Due,  «.  Owed,  payable-;  ap- 
pointed to  arrive  at  a given 
time. 

.Du'el,  n . A combat  between 
two  persons. 

.DnmTound,  v.  To  confuse 
with  astonishment. 

.Dun,  n.  Urgent  request  or  de- 
mand for  payment. 

.Dupe,  v . To  deceive  by  a trick* 
to  gull. 

.Du'pli-cate,  n.  An  exact  copy* 
a counterpart. 

.Duress,  n . Compulsion,  hard 
ship,  restraint  of  liberty. 

.Dye,  v.  To  stain,  to  color,  to 
give  a new  color  to. 


.Ech'o,  n.  Repetition  of  a 
sound. 

.Ec-lec'tic,  a . Made  up  of  what 
is  chosen  or  selected. 

.E-co-nom'ics,  n.  The  science 
of  household  or  state  affairs. 

.Ec/sta-sjr,  n.  An  extraordinary 
elevation  of  the  spirit. 

.Ed/dy?  n . A current  of  watei 
or  air  moving  in  a circular  di 
rection. 

.Ed'i-ble,  a . Eatable,  fit  to  b* 
eaten  as  food. 

.E'dict,  n.  A public  command  01 
ordinance  by  sovereign  power. 

.Ed'i-fy,  v . To  instruct  and  im- 
prove. 

.Ed'it,  v.  To  revise  and  prepare 
for  publication. 

.Ed'u-cate,  v . To  develon,  in- 
struct, teach,  inform,  enlight* 
en. 


draughon’s  practical,  speller. 


27 


Ef-face7,  v . To  blot  out,  erase, 

obliterate. 

Ef-fect7,  n . Execution,  per- 
formance, realization. 

Ef-fect7,  v.  To  bring  to  pass, 

to  execute. 

Ef-feet7ive,  a.  Efficient,  opera- 
tive, serviceable. 

Ef-fec7tu-al,  a.  Adequate,  de- 
cisive. 

Ef-fem7i-nate,  a . Womanish, 

weak. 

, .......  Ef -fete7,  a . Exhausted  of  en- 
ergy; barren,  sterile. 

Ef7fort,  n, . An  exertion  of 

i strength  or  power. 

Egg,  v . To  urge  on,  instigate, 

incite. 

, E7go-tism,  n . Too  frequent  use 

of  the  word  “I.” 

E-gre7gious,  a.  Extraordinary 

— joined  with  words  having  a 
bad  sense. 

E-ject7ment,  n.  A disposses- 
sion, an  expulsion. 

.E-lab7o-rate,  v.  To  perfect  with 
painstaking. 

• •••...E-la7ted;  a . Delighted,  lifted 

up,  raised. 

•  E-lect7,  v.  To  select,  choose, 

prefer. 

E-lec7tion,  n.  The  act  of  choos- 
ing by  ballot  or  viva  voce . 

E-lec-tric7i-ty,  n.  A manifesta- 
tion of  nature’s  energy. 

*  E-lec7tri-fy,  v.  To  give  an  elec- 

tric shock  to;  to  thrill. 

•  E-lec7tro-cute,  v.  To  put  to 

death  by  electricity. 

E-lec7tro-type,  v.  To  make  fac- 
simile plates  of  by  the  electro- 
type  process. 

El-ee-mos7y-na-ry,  a.  Relating 

to  charity. 

• . El7e-gant,  a.  Choice,  polished, 

graceful. 

* . e . . . . .El7e-ment,  n.  A simple,  essen- 
tial part  or  principle. 

.«•••••  .El-e-men7ta-ry,  a.  Elemental, 
rudimentary. 

El7e-vate,  v.  To  raise,  to  lift 

up. 

•••.••..E-lic7it,  v . To  bring  to  light; 

to  bring  out  against  the 
will. 

EEi-gi-ble,  a.  Proper  or  quali- 
fied, worthy. 

,O0»*...E-lim/i-nate,  v.  To  expel;  to 
, leave  out  of  consideration. 

f OG  0 0 0-0  « E-lite7  (a-let),  n.  A choice  or 
select  body. 


El-lip7sis,  n.  An  omission  of 

one  or  more  words. 

El-o-cu7tion,  n.  Oratorical  or 

expressive  delivery. 

E-lope7,  v . To  run  away  or  es- 
cape privately. 

Elo-quent,  a . Expressing 

strong  emotions  or  forceful 
arguments  in  an  effective 
manner. 

E-lu7ci-date,  v.  To  make  clear 

or  manifest. 

E-lude7,  v . To  avoid  slyly;  to 

escape  from. 

E-ma7ci-ate,  v . To  waste  away 

in  flesh. 

Em7a-nate,  v.  To  proceed  from, 

to  take  origin. 

E-man7ci-pate,  v . To  free  from 

any  controlling  influence. 

'. Em-bar7rass,  v . To  confuse,  to 

perplex. 

Em-bePlish,  u To  adorn,  to 

beautify. 

Em-bez7zle,  v . To  appropriate 

fraudulently  to  one’s  own 
use. 

Emblem,  n.  A visible  sign  of 

an  idea. 

Em-boss7,  v.  To  raise  in  relief 

from  a surface. 

Em-brace7,  v . To  take  in  the 

arms;  to  include. 

Exn7bry-o,  a.  Rudimentary, 

undeveloped. 

E-mei^gen-cy,  n.  An  unforo* 

seen  occurrence. 

Em7i-grant,  n . One  who  quits 

one  country  to  settle  in  an- 
other. 

Em7i-nent,  a . Conspicuous,  dis- 
tinguished. 

.....  „ . .Em7is-sa-ry,  n.  An  agent  em- 
ployed to  advance  the  in- 
terests of  his  employer. 

E-mo7lion,  n.  Excitement  of 

the  feelings. 

Em7pha-sis,  n.  Particular 

stress  of  utterance.  t 

Em-ploy7,  v.  To  use;  to  have 

in  service. 

....... . Em7n-late,  v.  To  strive  to  equal 

or  excel. 

En-act7ment,  n.  A law,  a 

statute. 

En-chant7,  v.  To  charm,  to  de- 
light. 

En-co7mi-um,  n.  High  praise, 

strong  commendation. 

En-com7pass,  v.  To  encircle, 

surround,  inclose. 


28 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Encore,  n.  A call  for  a repeti- 
tion. 

En-cour7age,  v.  To  give  cour- 
age to;  to  animate. 

En-croach7?  v.  To  trespass,  in- 
trude, infringe. 

En-cunFber,  v.  To  hinder,  re- 
tard, obstruct. 

• En-cy-clo-pe7di-a,  n . A com- 

rehensive  summary  of 
nowledge. 

,En«deay7or,  v.  To  try,  to  at- 
tempt. 

,En-dow7,  v . To  settle  an  in- 
come upon. 

,En-dure7,  v.  To  remain  firm 
under  trial  or  suffering. 
,En7e-my,  n . A foe,  an  adver- 
sary. 

,En7er-gy,  n.  Capacity  of  act- 
ing; power  efficiently  and 
forcibly  exerted. 

,E-ner7yate,  v.  To  render  feeble; 
to  deprive  of  strength  or 
courage. 

En-feoff7,  v.  To  invest  with  a 
fief  or  fee. 

, En-f orce7,  v.  To  put  force  upon, 
to  compel. 

,En-gaged7,  a . Occupied,  em- 
ployed; pledged,  promised. 
.En-gross7,  v.  To  copy  in  large 
hand;  to  absorb. 

.En-hance7,  v.  To  increase, 
augment,  advance. 

.En-join7,  v.  To  order;  to  pro- 
hibit or  restrain  judicially. 
.En-lighFen,  v . To  teach,  to 
make  clear  to  the  understand- 
ing. 

.En-noTde,  v.  To  dignify;  to 
make  noble. 

,E-nor7mous,  a . Huge,  vast, 
immense. 

.E-nough7,  a . Satisfying  desire, 
sufficient. 

.En-rolF,  v.  To  record,  to  en- 
list. 

.En-sue7,  v.  To  follow  or  come 
afterwards. 

. En-tail7,  v.  To  bestow  as  a her- 
itage. 

. En7ter-prise,  n.  Something  un- 
dertaken. 

.En-thu7si»asm,  n.  Inspiration, 

ecstasy. 

.En-tice7,  v . To  tempt,  lure, 

coax. 

.En-tire7,  a . Complete,  undi- 
minished. 

.En-tFtle,  v . To  give  a title  to. 


En7ti-ty,  n.  A real  being;  ea 

sence,  existence. 

.En- treat7,  v.  To  beseech,  beg 

solicit. 

E-mFmer-ate,  v.  To  count,  to 

mention  one  by  one. 

E-nun7ci-ate,  v.  To  make  a 

formal  statement  of;  to  pro- 
nounce. 

En-vFrons,  n.  Parts  or  places 

which  surround  another  place. 

En7vy,  n.  Malicious  grudg- 
ing. 

E-phenFer-al,  a.  Existing  or 

continuing  for  only  a short 
time. 

.E-pis7tle,  n.  A written  com* 

munication,  a letter. 

Ep7i-taph,  n.  An  inscription 

on  a tomb. 

E-pit7o-me,  n.  An  abridgment, 

a synopsis. 

.E7qua-tole,  a . Equal  and  uni- 
form. 

E-ques7tri-an,  n.  A horseman, 

a rider. 

E-ques7tri-enne,  n.  A horse- 
woman. 

E-quip7,  v.  To  fit  out,  to  f urnisfe 

for  service. 

Eq7ui-ta-ble,  a . Just,  fair, 

reasonable. 

Eq7ui-ty,  n . A system  of  juris 

prudence. 

E-qurFa-lent,  a.  Equal;  of  the 

same  import  or  meaning. 

E-qurFo-cal,  a.  Capable  of 

double  interpretation. 

E-radT-cate,  v.  To  root  out,  to 

destroy, 

E-rect7,  a . Upright,  raised,  up 

lifted. 

Err,  v . To  do  wrong;  to  mis- 
take in  judgment  or  opinion. 

Er-raFic,  a.  Having  no  certain 

course. 

Er-raTum,  n.  An  error  in 

printing  or  writing. 

Er-ro7ne-ous,  a.  Incorrect, 

false,  mistaken. 

Es-cape7,  v.  To  flee  from;  to 

evade. 

Es-cheaF,  v.  To  revert  or  be 

come  forfeited  to  the  State. 

Es-cort7,  v . To  attend;  to  ao 

company. 

....... .Es^-mo,  n.  One  of  a peculiar 

race  inhabiting  Arctic  Amer- 
ica and  Greenland. 

Es-pe7cial,  a . Particular,  un- 
common. 


29 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Es-py',  v.  To  catch  sight  of,  to 

discover. 

.......Es7say,  n . A composition;  a 

trial,  an  effort. 

Es-say7,  v.  To  attempt,  to  en- 
deavor. 

Es-seu7tial,  a.  Necessary,  in- 
dispensable. 

Es-tate7,  n.  Property,  posses- 
sions. 

Es-teem7,  v . To  value,  to  reck- 
on. 

Es7ti-mate,  v.  To  form  an  opin- 
ion of  the  value  of. 

Es-top7,  v.  To  impede  or  bar 

by  estoppel. 

E-ter'nal,  a . Without  begin- 
ning or  end,  always  exist- 
ing. 

Ethics  9 n.  A particular  sys- 
tem of  principles  concerning 
duty. 

Et-y-mol7o-gy,  n.  History  of 

words. 

.Eu7lo-gy,  n.  A speech  or  writ- 
ing commendatory  of  the  life 
and  services  of  a person. 

E-vade7,  v.  To  avoid,  to  elude, 

to  escape  from  cleverly. 

E-van7gel-ist,  n.  An  itinerant 

missionary  preacher. 

.E-ven7tu-ate,  v.  To  result,  to 

come  to  pass. 

E-vict7,  v.  To  dispossess  by  a 

judicial  process. 

■. Ev7i-dence,  n.  That  which 

makes  evident  or  manifest. 

E -voke7  9 v.  To  call  out,  to  sum- 
mon forth. 

E-volve7,  v . To  unfold,  to  de- 
velop. 

Ex-act7,  v.  To  demand  or  re- 
quire authoritatively. 

Ex-ag7ger-ate,  v.  To  overstate 

the  truth. 

Ex- alt7,  v.  To  elevate,  to  mag- 
nify. 

Ex-am7ine,  v.  To  test,  to  inves- 
tigate. 

Ex-am7ple,  n.  A pattern  or 

copy. 

Ex-as7per-ate,  v.  To  irritate, 

provoke. 

Ex7ca-vate,  v.  To  dig  out  and 

remove. 

Ex-ceed7,  v.  To  go  beyond;  to 

surpass. 

Ex7cel-lent,  a.  Worthy,  choice, 

select. 

Ex-cept7*  v . To  exclude,  to 

omit. 


Ex-cerpt7,  n.  A passage  select- 
ed or  copied  from  a book  or 
record. 

Ex-change7,  v.  To  barter, 

change,  swap. 

Ex-cite7,  v . To  rouse  to  feeling, 

to  call  to  activity. 

Ex-claim7,  v.  To  cry  out;  to 

shout. 

Ex-cul7pate,  v.  To  relieve  of 

blame. 

Ex-cui^sion,  n.  An  expedition, 

a journey. 

.Ex-cuse7,  v.  To  free  from  ac- 
cusation. 

Ex7e-cute,  v.  To  perform,  to 

finish. 

Ex-ec7n-tor,  n.  One  who  is  ap- 
pointed to  execute  a will. 

Ex-empt7,  a.  Free,  released; 

not  liable  to. 

Ex7er-cise,  n.  Exertion,  appli- 
cation, occupation. 

Ex-haust7,  v . To  expend 

wholly. 

Ex-hib7it,  v.  To  show,  to  dis- 
play. 

Ex-hort7,  v . To  advise,  warn. 

caution. 

Ex-ist7,  v.  To  be;  to  have  life 

or  the  functions  of  vitality. 

Ex-or^i-tant,  a.  Enormous, 

inordinate,  excessive. 

Ex-pan7sion,  n.  Distention,  en- 
largement. 

Ex-pa7ti-ate,  v.  To  enlarge  in 

discourse  or  writing. 

Ex-pect7,  v.  To  look  for  (men- 
tally); to  look  forward  to. 

Ex-pe7di-ent,  a.  Desirable,  ad- 
visable, advantageous. 

Ex7pe-dite,  v.  To  facilitate,  to 

hasten. 

Ex-pend7,  v.  To  pay  out  or  dis- 
burse money. 

.Ex-pe7ri-ence,  n.  Actual  en- 
joyment or  suffering. 

Ex-per7i-ment?  v.  To  operate 

by  test  or  trial. 

........Ex-pert7,  a.  Experienced, 

clever,  skillful. 

Ex-pire7,  v.  To  come  to  an  end, 

to  cease. 

Ex-plain7,  v.  To  make  plain  or 

manifest. 

Ex-plore7,  v.  To  examine  thor- 
oughly. 

Ex-port7,  v . To  carry  or  send 

abroad. 

Ex-pose7,  v.  To  set  out  to  pub- 
lic view. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Ex-pound7,  v.  To  lay  open  the 
meaning  of. 

Ex-press7,  v.  To  represent  and 
make  known. 

Ex7qui-site,  a.  Nice,  delicate, 
rare. 

,Ex-tant7,  a.  Still  existing;  not 
destroyed  or  lost. 

Ex-tem-po-ra7ne-ous,  a.  Com- 
posed, performed,  or  uttered 
without  previous  study. 

Ex- tensive,  a . Large,  broad, 
comprehensive. 

Ex-tin7guish,  v.  To  quench;  to 

stifle. 

Ex-torHon,  n.  Overcharge, 
oppression,  exaction. 

Exlra,  a.  Additional,  superior. 


Exlract,  n.  Essence;  a cita 
tion,  a quotation. 

Ex- tract7,  v.  To  draw  out  oi 
forth. 

Ex-  tr  aor7di-na-ry  (eks-tror'dh 
na-ry),  a . Out  of  the  common 
order,  unusual,  remarkable. 

Ex-trav7a-gant,  a.  Prodigal, 
wasteful. 

, Ex-treme7,  n.  The  utmost  point 
or  verge. 

. Ex-ul t7,  v.  To  be  in  high  spirits ; 
to  triumph. 

.Eye7serv-ice,  n.  Service  per- 
formed only  under  inspection, 
or  the  eye  of  an  employer. 

.Eye7wit-ness,  n.  One  who  sees 
a thing  done. 


F 

Faffde,  n.  Fiction,  untruth, 
falsehood. 

Fab  ric,  n.  The  structure  of 
anything. 

Facile,  a . Not  difficult;  ready, 
quick. 

Fact,  n . Act,  deed,  perform- 
ance, event,  incident. 

•Faclion,  n.  A combination  or 
clique  of  partisans. 

.Faclor,  n . An  agent;  an  ele- 
ment. 

,Fac-to7tum,  n.  One  employed 
to  do  all  kinds  of  work. 

.Fac7ul-ty,  n.  Ability,  capacity; 
president  and  tutors  of  a col- 
lege. 

.Fah7ren-heit,  a.  Of  or  pertain- 
ing to  Fahrenheit’s  ther- 
mometer. 

.Fair,  a.  Free  from  spots,  pure, 
clean. 

.Fair  y,  n.  An  imaginary  super- 
natural being. 

.Faith,  n.  Belief;  word  or  honor 
pledged. 

.Faith7ful,  a.  True,  constant, 
sincere,  trustworthy. 

.Fake,  n . A trick,  a swindle,  a 
cheat. 

.Fak7er,  n.  A peddler  of  petty 
things;  a swindler. 

.Fall,  v.  To  drop,  to  sink;  to 
become  degraded. 

.Fal-la7cious,  a.  Illogical,  mis- 
leading. 

.Fallow,  a . Uncultivated,  un- 
tilled. 

.False,  a.  Untrue,  unfaithful, 
treacherous. 


. .Fal7ter,  v.  To  hesitate;  to  speak 
brokenly  or  weakly. 

. . Fa-millar,  a.  Closely  acquaint 
ed;  well  versed  in. 

. .Famish,  v.  To  suffer  extreme 
hunger  or  thirst. 

. .Fa7mous,  a . Celebrated,  ro 

nowned. 

. .Fa-nat7ic,  n.  One  affected  will 
excessive  enthusiasm. 

. .Fan7cy,  v.  To  imagine;  to  likex 
to  be  pleased  with. 

. .Fan-tas7tic,  a.  Imaginary,  un 
real. 

. .Farce,  n.  Ridiculous  or  empt.fr 
show. 

. .Fare,  n.  The  price  of  passagtr 
food. 

. .Farm7er?  n.  One  who  farma, 
an  agriculturist. 

. .Far7ri-er,  n.  A shoer  of  horses; 
a veterinary  surgeon. 

. .Fas7ci-nate,  v.  To  enchant,  to 
charm. 

. .Fashion,  n.  Style,  shape,  form, 
pattern. 

. .Fas-tid7i-ons,  a~  Difficult  to 

please. 

. .Falal,  a.  Destructive,  calami- 
tous, deadly. 

..Fa-tigue7,  n.  Weariness  from 
exertion. 

. .Fault,  n.  Defect;  a moral  fail- 
ing. 

. .Fa7vor,  n.  Kindness,  good  wilk 
friendly  disposition. 

. .Fawn,  v . To  court  favor  by 
cringing. 

E^ar,  n.  Dread,  apprehen- 
sion. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


SI 


Feast,  n.  A festival,  a ban- 
quet. 

,£*•••'•  .Feat,  n.  A striking  act,  deed, 
exploit. 

« « . . . . . .Feature,  n.  Cast  or  structure 
of  anything. 

Fe-cun'di-ty,  n . Fruitfulness, 

fertility. 

Fee,  n.  Property;  reward  or 

compensation. 

...... .Feefible,  a.  Weak,  infirm,  de- 
bilitated. 

.Feign,  v.  To  pretend;  to  repre- 
sent by  a false  appearance  of. 

Fe-lic'i-tate,  v.  To  make  very 

happy;  to  "congratulate. 

^ . FePon,  n.  A criminal,  a male- 

factor. 

FeFo-ny,  n.  An  atrocious 
crime. 

.FenPi-nine,  a . Of  or  pertain- 
ing to  a woman. 

•* Fer-ment',  v.  To  heat;  to  ex- 

cite internal  motion  in. 

Ferret,  v.  To  search  out  by 

patient  efforts. 

Fertile,  a.  Rich,  inventive, 

prolific. 

-«•-•••••• Ferment,  a . Zealous,  full  of 

feeling. 

»•......  Fes'ti-val,  n.  A time  of  feast- 
ing or  celebration. 

*•• Feud,  n.  Contention,  quarrel, 

dispute,  strife. 

FFber,  n . Any  fine,  slender 

thread. 

Fickle,  a.  Wavering,  unset- 
tled. 

Fiction,  n.  Not  a fact,  or  re- 
ality. 

Fi-deFi-ty,  n.  Faithfulness, 

honesty,  integrity. 

Fi-du'ci-a-ry,  a.  Involving  con- 
fidence or  trust. 

• •. Fight,  v.  To  strive  or  contend 

for  victory. 

»♦• Filch,  v.  To  steal  or  take  priv- 

ily ; to  pilfer. 

File,  v.  To  arrange  in  a me- 
thodical manner  for  preserva- 
tion. 

»••••••  .Fi-nance',  n . Available  money, 

resources. 

••••••••Fine,  n.  Money  paid  as  pun- 
ishment. 

Firm,  a.  Fixed,  steady,  reso* 

lute. 

Fissure,  n.  A narrow  open- 
ing, a cleft. 

*••  . * . . .Fla'grant,  a-  Glaringly  wicked, 
notorious' 


.Flatter,  v.  To  praise  unduly; 
to  raise  hopes  in. 

.Flaw,  n.  A defect,  fault,  spot, 
speck. 

.Fleet,  a . Swift  in  motion, 

nimble. 

.Fleshly,  a.  Carnal,  worldly; 
not  spiritual  or  divine. 

.Flesh'y,  a.  Plump,  fat,  corpu- 
lent. 

.Flexible,  a . Not  stiff  or  brit- 
tle; manageable. 

.FlinPsy,  a.  Weak,  limp,  slight, 
vain. 

.Float,  v . To  rest  on  the  surface 
of  any  fluid;  to  drift  along. 

.Flock,  n . A company  of  living 
creatures. 

.Floral,  a.  Pertaining  to  or 
made  of  flowers. 

.Flourish,  v . To  thrive;  to 
boast. 

Fluc'tu-ate,  v.  To  be  wavering 
or  unsteady. 

.Flush,  a . Fresh,  glowing, 
abounding. 

.Foe,  n.  An  enemy,  an  oppo- 
nent. 

.FoFble,  n . Fault,  imperfec- 
tion. 

.Fond,  a . Affectionate,  loving, 
tender. 

.Fool,  n . One  destitute  of  rea- 
son. 

.For-bear',  v.  To  refrain,  to 
pause,  to  delay. 

.For-bid7,  v.  To  command 
against  or  contrary  to. 

.Force,  n.  Strength  of  body  or 
mind. 

.Forecast,  v.  To  plan  before- 
hand, to  project. 

Fore-close^,  v . To  sell  mort- 
gaged property. 

Fore-go',  v.  To  relinquish,  to 
renounce. 

Foreign,  a . Alien,  remote,  dis- 
tant. 

Foremost,  a.  First  in  time  or 
place. 

Forfeit,  v . To  lose  or  lose  the 
right  to. 

For'ger-y,^.  Fraudulently 
making  or  altering  a writing 
or  signature. 

For-give/,  v.  To  pardon;  to  cease 
to  feel  resentment  against. 

For'mi-da-ble,  a.  Alarming, 
dreadful. 

For-sake',  v.  To  quit  or  leave 
entirely. 

dU 


32 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


■Foi^ti-tude,  n.  Courage,  brav- 
ery. 

,For7tu-nate,  a.  Lucky,  favored 
with  good  fortune. 

Foul,  a.  Loathsome,  hateful; 
not  fair. 

.Fowl,  n.  Any  bird,  especially 
any  large  edible  bird. 

Fragment,  n . A part  broken 

off. 

Frail,  a . Weak,  infirm;  easily 
broken. 

Franchise,  n.  Privilege  con- 
ferred. 

Frank,  a.  Candid,  artless,  plain, 
sincere. 

Fra7ter-nize,  v.  To  hold  fel- 
lowship as  brethren. 

►Fraud,  n.  Deception,  deceit, 
trick. 

►Freight,  n.  Lading,  cargo,  as 
of  a ship  or  a railroad  car. 

.Friction,  n.  A rubbing,  a 
clashing. 

►Frigid,  a . Cold;  stiff  and 
formal. 


Friv7o-lous,  a . Of  little  weight* 
slight. 

Fro  Pic  (imp.  frol'icked;  p.  p. 
frol'ick-ing),v.  To  play 
pranks,  to  indulge  in  levity. 

Frugal,  a . Economical,  sav- 
ing. 

Frustrate,  v . To  bring  to 
nothing. 

,Fuch7si-a,  n . A flowering 
plant. 

►Fu7mi-gate,  v.  To  purify,  or 
free  from  infection. 

►Fun-da-men7tal,  a . Original, 
elementary;  important. 

►Fu7ner-al,  n.  Rite  attending 
burial. 

►Fu-ne7re-al,  a.  Solemn,  dark, 
dismal. 

.Furlough,  n.  Leave  of  ab* 
sence. 

►Futile,  a . Vain,  worthless, 

useless. 

Future,  n.  Time  to  come, 
time  subsequent  to  the  pres- 
ent. 


G 

.Gage,  n.  A pledge;  a challenge;  . 
a variety  of  plum. 

. Gain,  v . To  get  as  profit  or  ad-  . 
vantage. 

.Gain-say7,  v.  To  contradict, 
dispute,  forbid. 

.Gale,  n.  A strong  current  of 
air. 

.GaFlant,  a . Noble  in  bearing  , 
or  spirit. 

.Gal-lant7.  a.  Polite  and  atten-  , 
tive  to  ladies. 

.GaFlows,  n.  A frame  upon  . 
which  to  hang  criminals. 

.GauFble,  v.  To  play  for  money  , 
or  other  stake. 

.GanFbol,  v . To  dance,  to  skip  , 
about. 

. Garble,  v.  To  mutilate;  to  per-  , 
vert. 

.Garnish,  v.  To  decorate,  to  . 
adorn. 

. Gar-nish-ee7,  v.  To  attach  funds  , 
or  property. 

.Gaud7y,  a . Showy,  gay,  taw- 
dry. 

.Gauge,  v . To  measure  the  con- 
tents of. 

.Gauze,  n . Thin,  transparent 

stuff. 

. Gay7e-ty,  n . Merriment,  mirth, 


Gaze,  v . To  look  with  eager- 
ness or  curiosity. 

Gel7a-tin,  n.  Animal  jelly, 

glutinous  material  obtained 
from  animal  tissues  by  boiling. 

. . . . .Gen-e-al7o-gy,  n.  Enumeration 
of  ancestors  and  their  chil- 
dren. 

Gen7er-al,  a . Not  special  or 

particular. 

Gen7er-ate,  v.  To  beget,  to 

bring  into  life. 

Gen7ial,  «.  Sympathetically 

cheerful. 

Gen7ius,  n.  Superior  power  of 

invention. 

. ....Gen7tle,  a . Well-born;  tender, 
amiable,  mild. 

Gen7u-ine,  a . N ati ve ; not  coun- 
terfeit. 

Ger-mane7,  a . Appropriate,  fit- 
ting. 

• 0...Ges7ture,  n.  Motion  of  the 
body  expressive  of  sentiment 
or  passion. 

Gift,  n.  Anything  given ; an  en* 

dowment. 

Gild,  v . To  adorn,  to  make  at- 
tractive. 

Girdle,  n.  A belt,  sash,  or 

other  article  of  dress  encir* 
cling  the  body. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


33 


Glacier,  n . An  immense  field 

of  ice. 

Glamour,  n.  A charm,  witch- 
craft. 

...^.  ...Gleam,  n.  A beam,  a ray,  a 
glimpse. 

........  Glean , v.  To  pick  np  or  gather 

by  degrees. 

Globe,  n.  A spherical  body, 

solid  or  hollow. 

....... .Gloom,  n.  Melancholy,  cloudi- 
ness. 

Glo'ry,  n.  Praise,  honor,  bril- 
liancy, splendor. 

........Glow,  n.  White  or  red  heat; 

brightness  or  warmth  of  color. 

Glutlon,  n.  One  who  eats  to 

excess* 

.Glyc'er-in,  n.  An  oily  liquid, 

colorless  and  odorless. 

Gnat,  n . A blood-sucking 

fly. 

Gnaw,  v . To  bite  off  little  by 

little. 

Goal,  n.  Final  purpose  or  aim; 

a bound  used  in  various  games. 

Gore,  v . To  pierce  or  wound; 

to  stab. 

.Go-rilla,  n . A large  ape  some- 
what resembling  a man. 

Gorlnand,  n.  A luxurious 

feeder,  a glutton. 

Gossip,  v . To  tattle;  to  tell 

idle  tales. 

Grace,  n . Kindness,  mercy, 

favor. 

Grade,  n.  A step  or  degree; 

relative  position  or  standing. 

Gradli-ate,  v.  To  take  a de- 
gree in  college. 

Granite,  n . A crystalline, 

granular  rock. 

Grant,  v.  To  make  convey- 
ance; to  yield. 

........  Graphic,  a.  Clearly  and  vivid- 
ly described. 

Gratl-fy,  v . To  give  pleasure 

to. 

"•  H 

Ha-bill-ment,  n.  An  article  of 

clothing. 

Habit,  n.  Practice,  mode, 

manner,  custom. 

......cHab-i-ta/tion,  n.  Placeof 

abode. 

Ha/des,  n.  The  invisible  world; 

the  grave. 

...... ..Hagrgard,  a.  Hollow-eyed, 

^ wild  and  wasted  or  anxious  in 

appearance. 


, . . . .Grave,  n.  A place  of  burial,  a 
tomo. 

, . . . .Grave,  a.  Of  importance,  seri- 
ous. 

, . . . .Gravl-tate,  v.  To  tend  in  any 
direction. 

....Grease,  n . Animal  fat,  oily 
matter. 

.....Greet,  v.  To  salute,  to  wel- 
come. 

Grief,  n.  Mental  suffering, 

sorrow,  sadness. 

, . . . . Grit,  n.  Firmness  of  mind,  un- 
yielding courage. 

, . . . .Gross,  a.  Whole,  entire,  total; 
serious,  shameful. 

.Group,  n.  A cluster,  crowd,  or 

throng. 

Gruff,  a.  Severe,  harsh,  sour, 

surly. 

.....Guar-an-tee',  v.  To  warrant, 
to  assure. 

. . . . . Guardi- an,  n.  One  who  mana- 
ges the  affairs  of  an  incapable 
person. 

Guess,  v . To  form  an  opinion 

concerning,  without  knowl- 
edge or  means  of  knowledge; 
to  solve. 

.....Guest,  n . A visitor;  a lodger 
or  boarder. 

. . . . .Guide,  n.  A director,  a regu- 
lator. 

.....Guile,  n.  Craft,  deceit, 
treachery. 

Guilt,  n.  Offense  against  right, 

crime. 

....Guinea,  n.  A gold  coin;  a 
fowl. 

....  Gutlur-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
throat. 

...  .Gym-na'si-um,  n.  A school  or 
place  for  athletics. 

...  .Gyp/sy,  n.  One  of  a vagabond 
race. 

Gy-ralion,  n.  Rotation,  reva 

lution. 

Gyve,  n . A shackle,  a fetter. 

V/ 

. ITlHag^le,  v.  To  stick  at  small 
matters. 

....Hail,  v . To  salute,  accost,  ad- 
dress. 

HaFcy-on,  a . Peaceful,  quiet, 

happy. 

Hal-le-lulah,  n.  and  inter /. 

Praise  ye  Jehovah. 

Hal-loo',  v.  To  call  to  a person; 

to  cry  out. 

Halo,  n.  A circle  of  light. 


8 


34 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


, . . ... . . .Halt,  v . To  come  to  a stop,  to 
stand  still. 

, Handi-cap,  v.  To  encumber; 

to  place  at  disadvantage. 

Handicraft,  n.  Manual  occu- 
pation. 

Hand  some,  a . Agreeable  to 

the  eye. 

Hang  (imp.  hung\  v . To  sus- 
pend, to  fasten;  (imp.  hanged) 
to  put  to  death  by  suspending 
by  the  neck. 

Hap'py,  «.  Fortunate,  joyous, 

contented. 

Ha-rangne/,  n.  A loud  address 

to  a multitude. 

Harass,  v.  To  fret,  tire,  tease, 

distress. 

Harbor,  v.  To  shelter;  to  in- 
dulge or  cherish. 

Har'dy,  a . Bold,  brave,  confi- 
dent. 

. t Hare,  n.  An  animal  commonly 

called  “rabbit”  in  America. 

....... .Har'mo-ny,  n.  Concord  or 

agreement  in  interests,  opin- 
ions, etc. 

Harrow,  n.  An  agricultural 

implement. 

Harsh,  a.  Unpleasant,  repul- 
sive. 

....... .HarVest,  v.  To  reap  or  gather 

a crop. 

Hatch,  v.  To  produce  young 

from  eggs. 

Hate,  v.  To  have  a great  aver- 
sion to. 

Haugh'ty,  a . Contemptuously 

proud,  arrogant. 

. Haunt,  v.  To  frequent;  to  visit 

as  a ghost. 

....... .Ha'ven,  n.  A place  of  safety,  a 

shelter. 

Hav'oc , n . General  destruction, 

waste. 

..Hazard,  v . To  venture,  risk, 

endanger. 

. . Haze,  n.  Vapor,  obscurity, 

dimness. 

Headstrong,  a.  Obstinate, 

stubborn. 

...  * ...  .Healthful,  a.  Promotive  of 
health. 

. . Healths,  a . Free  from  disease, 

sound. 

. Hearse,  n . A carriage  for  con- 

veying the  dead  to  the  grave. 

Hearth  (harth),  n.  The  floor  of 

a fireplace. 

Hea/then,  a.  Unenlightened, 

irreligious. 


Heave,  v.  To  lift;  to  force  from 

the  breast. 

Heaven,  w.  The  firmament; 

the  abode  of  the  Deity. 

Hedge,  v.  To  surround  for  de- 
fense; to  shelter  one’s  self 
from  danger,  etc. 

Heed,  v.  To  mind,  to  consid- 
er. 

Heir,  n.  One  who  inherits 

property  after  the  death  of  its 
owner. 

Hell,  n . Place  or  state  of  pun- 
ishment for  the  wicked  after 
death. 

Helpmate,  n.  A helper,  a com- 
panion, a wife. 

Hem'or-rhage,  n.  A discharge 

of  blood. 

...Hence,  adv.  From  this  time; 

from  this  reason. 

Her-cu'le-an,  a.  Great,  diffi- 
cult, dangerous. 

Her-e-diUa-ment,^.  Any  lands, 

tenements,  property,  that  may 
descend  to  an  heir. 

He-red'i-ta-ry,  a . Descended, 

transmitted. 

....... .Her'e-sy,  n.  An  opinion  con- 
trary to  established  doc- 
trine. 

. . .Her'it-age.  n . That  which  is 

inherited. 

Hermit,  n.  A recluse,  one  who 

lives  in  solitude. 

He-ro'ic,  a.  Bold,  daring, 

brave. 

........ Hes'i-tate,  v.  To  pause,  to 

stammer, 

Het'er-o-dox,  a.  Not  orthodox; 

heretical. 

. .Het-er-o-ge'ne-ous,  a . Differ- 
ing in  kind. 

........  Hi-a'tus,  n.  An  opening,  a gap, 

a chasm. 

. . . Hid'e-ous,  a.  Frightful,  shock- 

ing. 

........Hie,  v . To  hasten,  to  go  in 

haste. 

...... ..High'born,  a.  Of  noble 

birth. 

. ... Hi-la'ri-ous, a.  Mirthful,  noisy, 

merry. 

HinL v.  To  make  an  indirect 
reference. 

Hire,  v . To  engage  the  service 

of. 

....... .Hir-sute',  a.  Rough  with  hair, 

shaggy. 

. . . . ... . .His'te-rjr,  n.  A narrative,  a de 
scription. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


35 


His-tri-on'ic, «.  Relative  to  the 

stage  or  a stageplayer,  theat- 
rical. 

.Hoar'y,  a . White  or  gray  with 

age. 

.. Hoax,  n.  A deception,  a prac- 

tical joke. 

Hob'by,  to*  A ruling  passion;  a 

favorite  and  ever-recurring 
theme  of  discourse,  thought, 
or  effort 

Hoe,  n.  A tool  for  digging  up 

weeds  and  for  loosening  earth 
about  plants. 

Hogs  head,  n.  A large  cask  or 

barrel. 

HoPi-day,  n . A day  of  exemp- 
tion from  labor. 

Hollow,  a.  Empty;  not  sincere 

or  faithful. 

Ho'ly,  «.  Hallowed,  sacred; 

pure  in  heart 

Hom/age,  n * Respect,  defer- 
ence. 

Homely,  a . Plain,  unpretend- 

ing. 

Homestead,  n . The  home 

place. 

HonPi-cide,  n.  Killing  of  one 

human  being  by  another. 

.Hom'i-Iy,  n . A tedious  exhor- 
tation. 

Ho-mo-ge'ne-ous,  a.  Of  t h e 

same  kind  or  nature. 

Hon'es-ty,  n . Truthfulness,  in- 
tegrity, freedom  from  fraud 
or  guile. 

Hon'or,  n.  Esteem,  reverence, 

nobleness,  uprightness. 

Hope,  n . Pleasing  expectancy, 

confidence. 

Ho-rPzon,  ».  The  apparent 

junction  of  earth  and  sky. 

........  Hor-i-zon'tal,  a*  Parallel  to  the 

horizon,  on  a level. 

HorM-ble,  a.  Dreadful,  terri- 
ble. 

Hose,  n . Stockings;  a flexible 

pipe. 

Hos7pi-tal,  to*  A refuge  for  dis- 
eased persons.  ^ 

Hos-pi-taPi-ty,  n . Entertain- 
ment of  strangers  or  guests 
without  reward. 

Host,  n*  An  entertainer;  an 

army. 

Hos'tage,  n.  A person  given 

as  pledge  or  security. 

* .Hos'tile,  a*  Unfriendly,  antag- 
onistic. 


.Ho-teP,  n . An  inn  or  public 
house. 

.Hound,  n.  A variety  of  the  do- 
mestic dog. 

.Hov'el,  n.  A poor  cottage,  a 
hut. 

.Hov'er,  v.  To  float  about  or 
over  a place. 

.How-ev/er,  adv.  At  all  events, 
in  any  case. 

.Huckster,  n . A peddler,  a 
hawker. 

.Hue,  n.  Color,  tint,  dye;  a 
shouting. 

.Hu'man,  a.  Belonging  to  man, 
or  mankind. 

.Hu-mane',  a.  Benevolent, 
kind. 

.HunPble,  a . Lowly,  modest, 
unassuming. 

.Humbug,  n.  An  imposition, 
an  impostor. 

.Hu'mld,  a*  Damp,  moist,  wa- 
tery. 

.Hu-miPi-ty,  n . Freedom  from 
pride. 

.H^mor-ous,  a.  Witty,  pleas- 
ant. 

.Hun'ger,  w.  A craving  for 
food. 

.Hunt,  v.  To  search  for;  to  go 
in  search  of  game. 

.Hur-rah7,  n.  A cheer,  a shout 
of  joy. 

.Hur'ry,  v . To  hasten;  to  urge 
on. 

.Hus'band-ry,  n . Care  of  do- 
mestic affairs. 

.Hus'kyjtf.  Harsh,  hoarse,  rough 
in  tone. 

.Hy-drau'lic,  a.  Conveying,  or 
acting  by,  water. 

. Hy'gi-ene,  n*  A system  of  prin- 
ciples for  the  promotion  of 
health. 

.Hy-me-ne'al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
marriage. 

. Hy-per-boPic,  a . Exceeding  the 
truth. 

. Hy-per-criPic-al,  a.  Overcrit- 
ical,  captious. 

.Hyp'no-tism,  n.  A form  of 
sleep  produced  artificially. 

.Hy-pocifl-sy,  n.  Pretending  to 
be  what  one  is  not,  conceal- 
ment of  one’s  real  character. 

.Hy-patlPe-cate,  v.  To  subject 
to  liability  for  debt. 

.Hy-potlPenHs,  n*  A supposi- 
tion. 


36 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Ice,  n.  Frozen  water;  any  fluid 

frozen. 

I-con'o-cIast,  n.  One  who  at- 
tacks cherished  beliefs. 

X-de'a,  n.  A notion,  belief, 

opinion. 

-  I-de'al,  n.  A model  of  excel- 

lence, beauty,  etc. 

X-den'tic-al,  a.  The  same;  not 

different. 

X-den'ti-fy,  v . To  prove  to  be 

the  same. 

..Id'i-om,  n.  An  expression 

sanctioned  by  usage. 

Id'i-ot,  n.  A person  naturally 

without  understanding. 

Fdle,  a.  Unoccupied;  useless, 

trifling. 

.Fdol,  n.  An  image  of  a divini- 
ty; a thing  greatly  loved. 

-  Ig-no'ble,  a . Common,  hum- 

ble. 

Ig'no-rant,  a.  Untaught,  unin- 
formed. 

Ig-nore',  v.  To  disregard;  to 

refuse  to  take  notice  of. 

... HI,  a.  Bad,  evil;  sick,  indis- 

posed. 

* Il-leg'i-ble,  a . Incapable  of 

being  read. 

H-le-giFi-mate,  «.  Bastard; 

not  authorized  by  good  usage. 

H-lic'it,  a.  Unlawful,  prohib- 
ited. 

Il-hUmi-nate,  v.  To  brighten; 

to  supply  with  light. 

-  H-lus'trate,  v.  To  make  clear 

by  means  of  comparison  or 
example. 

* ..... . .H-lus'tri-ous,  a.  Distinguished, 

eminent. 

** Im-ag^ne,  v.  To  fancy,  con- 

ceive, believe. 

.. Xm-be-ciFi-tv,  n.  Weakness  of 

mind. 

Im-bibe',  v.  To  drink  in,  to 

absorb. 

Im'i-tate,  v.  To  follow  as  a 

pattern  or  model. 

Xm-me'di-ate,  a.  Close,  pres- 
ent, instant. 

Im-mense',  a.  Vast,  huge, 

great. 

Im-merse',  v . To  plunge  into; 

to  sink. 

Im'mi-nent,  a.  Near  at  hand; 

threatening,  perilous. 

Im-moral,  a . Dishonest,  vi- 
cious. 


Im-mor'tal,  a.  Having  eternal 

existence. 

Im-mune/,  a.  Exempt;  free 
from  obligation,  penalty,  etc. 

Im-mu/ta-ble,  a.  Unchangea- 
ble. 

Im-pair7,  v.  To  injure,  to 
weaken. 

Im-parU,  v . To  make  known, 
to  tell. 

Xm-pa'tient*  a.  Restless,  fret- 

.Im-peach',  v . To  accuse,  ar- 
raign, censure. 

.Im-pede/,  v.  To  hinder,  retard, 
obstruct. 

. Im-peF,  v.  To  urge  forward ; to 

actuate. 

.Im-pe'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
an  empire. 

.Im-pe'ri-ous,  a.  Haughty* 

overbearing. 

.Im-per/son-ate,  v . To  repre* 
sent  the  person  or  character  of* 

.Im-peFti-nence,  n . Rudeness> 
incivility. 

.Im-peFvi-ous,  a . Impassable, 
impenetrable. 

.Im-peFu-ous,  a.  Furious,  vio- 
lent, passionate. 

.Im-pla'ca-ble,  a . Irreconcila- 
ble, unyielding. 

.Im-plore/,  v.  To  beseech,  en- 
treat, beg. 

.Im-ply',  V.  To  denote,  signify, 
mean. 

.Im-poFi-tic,  a.  Wanting  in 
policy;  unwise,  indiscreet. 

.Im-por/tant,  a.  Weighty,  sig- 
nificant. 

.Im-pose',  v.  To  lay  as  a bur- 
den; to  levy. 

.Xm'po-tent,  a.  Weak,  feeble.; 
deficient  in  capacity. 

.Im-pouiuF,  v.  To  hold  in  cus- 
tody of  a court. 

.Im-pov'er-ish,  v.  To  make 
poor. 

.Xm-prac'ti-ca-ble,  a . Incapable 
of  being  used  or  availed  of. 

.Im-pre-ca'tion,  n.  A curse;  the 
act  of  invoking  evil  upon  any 
one. 

.Xm-press',  v.  To  fix  deeply  in 
the  mind;  to  produce  by  pres- 
sure. 

. .Xm-prove',  v.  To  make  better; 
to  advance  in  what  is  desir- 
able. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


3T 


Im-pro-vise',  v.  To  invent  or 

provide,  offhand. 

. . . # , f t .Im'pu- deuce,  n.  Audacity, 
insolence. 

...... fc.Im-pugn',  v.  To  contradict,  to 

gainsay. 

Impulse,  n . Force,  motive, 

feeling. 

Im-pute',  v . To  charge  to,  to 

ascribe. 

In-ad-vert'ence,  n.  An  over- 
sight or  mistake  from  negli- 
gence. 

.In-an'i-mate^  a.  Destitute  of 

life  or  spirit. 

In-au'gu-rate,  v.  To  cause  to 

begin. 

...In-ca'jpa-ble,  a . Wanting  in 

ability. 

,In-car'cer-ate,  v.  To  imprison, 

to  confine. 

.In-carinate,  a . Invested  with 

flesh. 

#In«cen'di-a-ij,  a.  Inflamma- 
tory, seditious. 

In-cense',  v . To  fire,  to  pro- 
voke. 

Intense,  n.  Perfume  from 

spices  and  gums  when  burned. 

♦ . .In-cep'tion,  n.  Beginning, 

commencement. 

.In'ci-dent,  n . Event,  casualty, 

occurrence. 

In-ci-den'tal,  a . Accidental, 

casual. 

In-ci-vil'i-ty,  n . Impoliteness, 

discourtesy. 

In-cli-na'tion,  n.  Bent,  tend- 
ency. 

In-clude',  v.  To  inclose;  to 

contain. 

. .Income,  n.  Gain,  profit;  re- 
ceipts; salary. 

In-con'gru-ous,  a.  Inharmoni- 
ous, unsuitable. 

In-con-sist'en-cy,  n.  Discord- 
ance, contrariety. 

In-coh'stant,  a.  Fickle,  un- 
steady, changeable. 

In-cor'po-rate,  v.  To  form  into 

a body;  to  combine. 

In-cor'ri-gi-ble,  a . Bad  be- 
yond correction. 

In-crease',  v.  To  become 

greater,  to  grow. 

In-cred'a-lous,  a.  Skeptical, 

unbelieving. 

....... .In'cu-bus,  n.  A burden,  an  in- 
cumbrance. 

....... .In-cul'cate,  v.  To  instill,  in- 
fuse, impress. 


In-cur',  v.  To  bring  down  upon 

one’s  self. 

In-de-f  at'i-ga-ble,  a.  Untiring, 

unwearying. 

In-de-f  ea'si-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 

defeated. 

In-def'i-nite,  a.  Not  limited, 

defined,  or  specified. 

In-del'i-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 

being  canceled  or  effaced. 

In-dem'ni-fy,  v.  To  secure 

against  loss  or  damage. 

In-de-pend'ent,  a.  Free,  un- 
controlled. 

In'di-cate,  v.  To  point  out, 

show,  make  known. 

In-dict',  v.  To  charge  with  a 

crime. 

.... In'di-gent,  a.  Poor,  in  want, 

needy. 

In-dig'nant,  a.  Wrathful,  irate, 

passionate. 

In-dis-crim'i-nate,  a.  Con- 
fused, promiscuous. 

In-dis-pen'sa-ble,  a.  Impossi- 
ble to  be  omitted. 

In-dite',  v.  To  compose,  to 

write. 

In-di-vid'u-al,  n . A single  per- 
son, animal,  or  thing. 

In'do-lence,  n.  Idleness,  lazi- 
ness. 

In-duce'.  v.  To  influence,  to 

prevail  on. 

In-duct',  v . To  bring  in;  to  in- 
troduce. 

In-due',  v.  To  clothe,  to  fur- 
nish. 

In-dulge',  v.  To  grant,  to 

humor. 

In'du-rate,  v.  To  make  hard; 

to  deprive  of  sensibility. 

In-dus'tri-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 

industry. 

In-e'bri-ate,  n.  An  habitual 

drinker  of  strong  drink. 

In-ef'fa-ble,  a.  Unspeakable, 

unutterable. 

....... .In-ert',  a . Inactive,  dull,  pas- 
sive. 

In-ev'i-ta-ble,  a.  Unavoidable, 

certain. 

.In-ex'o-ra-ble,  a.  Unyielding, 

inflexible. 

.In'fa-mous,  a.  Of  bad  report, 

base,  vile. 

In-fat'u-ate,  v.  To  make  fool- 
ish. 

In-fer',  v.  To  conclude  or  sur- 
mise, to  derive  by  deduction. . 

In-fe'ri-or,  a.  Poor,  ordinary. 


38 


draughon’s  practical,  speller. 


. .. In7fl-del,  a . Not  holding  the 

faith. 

In7fl-nite,  a.  Boundless,  im- 
measurable. 

In-fiam7ma-to«ry,  a.  Tending 

to  inflame. 

In-fiex7i-ble,  a . Unbending, 

unyielding. 

.. In7flu-ence,  n.  Control,  per- 

suasion, sway. 

In-form7,  v.  To  enlighten;  to 

tell. 

Ill-fringe7,  v.  To  break;  to  vio- 
late; to  trespass. 

In-gen7ious,  a.  Skillful,  keen, 

witty. 

. In-gen7u-ous,  a.  Frank,  open; 

noble,  honorable. 

In-gra7ti-ate,  v.  To  bring  into 

favor. 

In-hab7it,  v . To  live  or  dwell 

in. 

.In-her7it,  v.  To  take  by  inher- 
itance. 

In-im7ic-al,  a.  Antagonistic, 

inconsistent. 

In-im7i-ta-ble,  a . Not  capable 

of  being  imitated. 

In-iti7iii-ty,  n.  Wickedness,  sin, 

crime. 

In-i7ti-a-tive,  a . Introductory, 

preliminary. 

In-ju7ri-ous,  a.  Harmful,  det- 
rimental. 

....... .In7no-cent, a.  Free  from  guilt; 

pure,  upright. 

In-no-va7ti<m,  n . Something 

contrary  to  established  cus- 
toms. 

In-or'di-nate,  a.  Irregular,  ex- 
cessive. 

In-quire7,  v.  To  seek  to  learn; 

to  ask  about. 

In-sane7,  a.  Deranged  in  mind; 

impractical. 

, , .In-sa7tia-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 

being  satisfied. 

In-sep7a-ra-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 

being  separated  or  disjoined. 

In-sert7,  v.  To  put  or  thrust 

in. 

In-sid7i-ons,  a.  Crafty,  treach- 
erous. 

In-sin7u-ate,  v.  To  hint,  sug- 
gest, intimate. 

In-sist7,  v.  To  persist  in  de- 
manding. 

.In-sol7vent,  a.  Unable  to  pay 

one’s  debts. 

........  In-spire7,  v . To  infuse  into  the 

mind. 


. ... In-stall7,  v.  To  place  in  an 

office,  rank,  or  order;  to  in- 
duct. 

In- stead7,  adv.  In  the  place  or 

room  of. 

In7stinet,  n.  Natural  impulse; 

a natural  aptitude. 

In7sti-tnte,  v.  To  set  up,  to  es- 
tablish. 

In'stru-ment,  n.  An  imple- 
ment; a writing. 

In-su7per-a-ble,  a . Insur- 
mountable. 

In-snre7,  v . To  make  sure  or 

secure. 

In-teg7ri-ty,  n.  Moral  sound- 
ness. 

In7tel-lect,  n.  The  thinking 

faculty. 

In-tel7li-gent,  a.  Sensible,  pos- 
sessed of  intelligence. 

In-tem7per-ance,  n.  Excess  of 

any  kind. 

In-ten7tion,  n.  Aim,  end,  pur- 
pose. 

In-ter-cede7,  v.  To  plead  in  be- 
half of  another. 

.......  .In-ter-cept7,  v.  To  take  before 

arrival  at  destination. 

In7ter-conrse,  n.  Communica- 
tion, fellowship. 

....... .In7ter-est,  n.  Concern,  advan- 
tage, premium. 

In-ter-fere7,  v.  To  intermed- 
dle; to  clash. 

In-ter-na7tion-al,  a.  Between 

or  among  nations. 

.In-tei^pret,  v . To  tell  the 

meaning  of. 

In-tei^ro-gate,  v.  To  ques- 
tion. 

........ In-ter-yene7,  v.  To  come  be- 
tween. 

In7ti-mate,  a.  Familiar,  friend- 
ly, confidential. 

In7ti-mate,  v.  To  suggest  in- 
directly, to  hint 

In-tim7i-date,  v.  To  make 

timid  or  fearful. 

In-tol7er-a-ble,  a.  Unbearable, 

insufferable. 

In-trep7id,  a . Fearless,  bold, 

brave. 

Intri-eate,  a.  Complicated,  en- 
tangled. 

In- trade7,  v.  To  thrust  one’s 

self  in. 

In-tmst7,  v.  To  commit  to 

another’s  keeping. 

.In-ure7,  v.  To  serve  to  the  use 

or  benefit  of. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


39 


.In-vaFid,  a.  Having  no  force; 
void,  null. 

.In'va-lidj  n.  One  who  is  weak 
and  infirm. 

.In-vent7,  v.  To  discover,  to 
contrive. 

.In'ven-to-ry,  n.  A schedule  of 
goods,  chattels,  property. 

Xn-vin'ci-ble,  a.  Unconquer- 
able. 

In-vFo-la-ble,  a.  Not  suscep- 
tible of  hurt. 

In-vis'i-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
being  seen. 

In-vite7,  v.  To  bid,  ask,  sum- 
mon. 


Irksome,  a.  Wearisome,  tedi- 
ous. 

Fron-y,  n.  Humor,  ridicule, 
sarcasm. 

Ir-res'o-lute,  a.  Wavering,  un- 
determined. 

Xr'ri-tate,  v.  To  provoke,  to 
tease. 

Fso-late,  v.  To  separate  from 
others. 

Is'sue,  v.  To  go  out;  to  send 
out;  to  put  into  circulation. 

I-tin'er-ant,  n.  One  who 
travels  from  place  to  place. 

I'yy*  n . An  evergreen  plant 
having  dark,  shining  leaves. 


J 


Jade,  v.  To  exhaust  by  over- 
driving. 

Jail'er,  n.  Keeper  of  a jail,  or 
prison. 

Jan7i-tor,  n.  A porter;  one 
who  has  the  care  of  a build- 
ing. 

JaFgon,  n.  Confused,  unintel- 
ligible language. 

Jaunt,  n.  A short  journey,  a 
ramble. 

JeaFous,  a.  Distrustful,  sus- 
picious; anxious. 

Jeer,  v.  To  scoff,  to  sneer,  to 
mook. 

.Jeop'ard-ize,  v . To  expose  to 
loss  or  injury. 

Jest,  n.  A joke,  a sportive  re- 
mark or  phrase. 

.JiFfy,  n.  A moment,  an  in- 
stant. 

. Joty  n.  A thrust;  a situation;  a 
piece  of  work. 

Join,  v . To  connect  with,  to 
unite  with. 

.Joinder,  n.  A joining  of  par- 
ties as  plaintiffs  or  defendants 
in  a suit. 

.Joint,  a . United,  combined; 
held  in  common. 

.JoFly,  a.  Jovial,  mirthful; 
agreeable. 


Journal,  n . A book  of  ac- 
counts, day’s  transactions. 

JouFney,  n.  Trip,  expedition, 
tour. 

Ju7bi-lant,  a.  Triumphant,  ex- 
ulting. 

Judge,  n.  An  officer  invested 
with  authority  to  hear  and  de- 
termine litigated  causes. 

Ju-dFcia-ry?  a.  Pertaining  to 
courts  of  justice. 

Ju-dFcious,  a.  Discreet,  pru- 
dent. 

Jm-ris-dic'tioii,  n.  Power  to 
make,  declare,  or  apply  a law; 
sphere  of  authority. 

-Jurist,  n.  One  versed  in  the 
law. 

. Jn'ry.  n . A body  of  men  impan- 
eled to  inquire  into  a matter. 

. Just,  a.  Upright,  honest,  true; 
impartial. 

.Justice,  n.  Strict  performance 
of  moral  obligations. 

. Jms-ti-fl  a-ble,  a.  Warrantable, 
excusable. 

. Jis'ti-fy,  v.  To  prove  or  show 
to  be  just. 

. Jn've-nile,  a . Young,  youthful, 
childish. 

. Jnx-ta-po-sFtion,  n.  A placing 
side  by  side. 


K 


Keen,  a.  Sharp;  acute  of  mind; 
eager. 

Keep,  v . To  hold,  retain,  sus- 
tain, support. 

.Ken, n.  view,  reach  of  sight  or 
knowledge. 


Kei^onsene,  n . An  illuminating 
oil. 

Ket'tle,  n.  A vessel  for  boiling 
water. 

Kick,  v.  To  strike  with  the 
foot. 


40 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Kid'nap  (imp,  kid'naped),  v. 
To  take  by  force,  against  one's 
will. 

Kill,  v . To  deprive  of  life;  to 
destroy. 

Kiln  (kil),  ft.  A furnace  of 
brick  or  stone;  a furnace  for 
burning  bricks. 

Ki-mo'no,  ft.  A loose  robe  or 
gown. 

Kind,  a.  Gentle,  benevolent, 
sympathetic. 

.Kind,  ft.  Race,  species,  class, 
variety,  description. 

.Kin'der-gar-ten,  n.  A school 
for  young  children. 

.Kindred,  a . Related;  con- 
genial. 

.Kingdom,  ft.  Territory  sub- 
ject to  a king. 

.Kinsfolk,  ft.  Relatives,  kin- 
dred. 

L 

.La'bel,  ft . A slip  of  paper  in- 
dicating ownership,  destina- 
tion, etc. 

.La'bor,  ft.  Work,  toil,  effort, 
industry. 

. Lac'ei  -ate,  v . To  tear,  to  rend; 
to  afflict. 

.Lack,  ft.  Deficiency,  want,  des- 
titution. 

.La-con'ic,  a . Short,  brief,  con- 
cise. 

.Lade,  v.  To  load;  to  put  a bur- 
den on. 

.La'i-ty,  ft.  The  people  distin- 
guished from  the  clergy. 

.La-ment/,  v.  To  weep  or  wail, 
to  mourn. 

.Landscape,  ft.  The  pictorial 
aspect  of  a country. 

.Language,  ft.  Speech,  tongue, 
dialect. 

.Languid,  a . Feeble,  weak, 
heartless. 

.Lapse,  ft.  An  error,  a slip;  a 
fault. 

.Lar'gess  (larges),  ft.  A pres- 
ent, a gift,  a bounty  be- 
stowed. 

, .Las-civ'i-ous,  a.  Lewd,  lust- 
ful. 

. .Lament,  a.  Hidden,  concealed, 
secret. 

. .Lath,  ft.  A narrow,  thin  strip 
of  wood. 

. .Lathe,  ft.  A machine  for  turn- 


Kiss,  v.  To  greet  with  the  lips 

in  token  of  affection,  etc. 

Klep-to-ma'ni-ac,  ft.  A person 

with  a propensity  to  steal. 

....... .Knave,  ft.  A rogue,  a villain,  a 

cheat. 

Knead,  v.  To  work  and  press 

into  a mass,  as  dough. 

........Knell,  ft.  A death  signal;  the 

toll  of  a bell  at  a funeral. 

Knit,  v . To  form  by  interla- 
cing thread  or  yarn. 

Knock,  v.  To  strike  with  some- 
thing hard  or  heavy. 

Knoll,  ft.  A little  round  hill; 

the  top  of  a hill. 

Knot,  ft.  A lump  or  loop 

formed  in  a thread,  rope,  etc. 

Know,  v . To  understand;  to  be 

acquainted  with. 

Knuckle,  ft.  The  joint  of  a 

finger. 


Latitude,  n.  Breadth,  loose- 
ness, laxity. 

Land/a-hle,  a.  Praiseworthy, 
commendable. 

Laughter,  ft.  A movement  of 
the  muscles  of  the  face  indi- 
cating merriment. 

.Launch,  v.  To  send  out;  to 
start  on  a career. 

.Launder,  v.  To  wash,  as 
clothes. 

.Lav'a-to-ry,  ft.  A place  for 
washing. 

.Lavish,  a . Bestowing  pro- 
fusely. 

.Lawsuit,  ft.  An  action  at 
law. 

.Lawyer,  n.  One  versed  in  the 
laws. 

.Lay  (imp.  laid),  v.  To  produce 
and  deposit  eggs. 

.Lay,  v.  To  deposit;  to  place  in 
position. 

.Lead  (imp.  led),  v.  To  conduct 
or  guide. 

.Leaf,  ft.  A part  of  the  foliage 
of  a plant. 

. League , ft.  An  alliance  or  com- 
bination of  persons. 

.Lean,  a . Slender,  spare,  thin, 
lank. 

.Learn,  v.  To  gain  knowledge 
or  information. 

.Lease,  v.  To  let;  to  hold  under 
a lease. 

.Least,  a.  Smallest. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


41 


Leave,  v.  To  depart;  to  aban- 
don. 

Leaven,  n.  A substance  that 

produces  fermentation. 

Lecture,  n.  A discourse  on 

any  subject. 

Ledger,  n . Final  book  of  rec- 
ord in  business  transactions. 

* Leech,  n.  Abloodsucking 

worm. 

Le'gal,  a.  Lawful,  legitimate, 

authorized. 

Legend  (lej'end),  n.  A myth, 

a fable. 

Legible,  a . Capable  of  being 

read. 

Leg-is-la'ture,  n.  The  lawmak- 
ing body  of  a State  or  kingdom. 

Le-git/i-mate,  a.  Lawfully  be- 
gotten; authorized,  genuine. 

Lei  sure,  n.  Time  free  from 

employment. 

Lessen,  v.  To  reduce,  dimin- 
ish, decrease. 

Les/son,  n.  Something  assigned 

to  be  studied. 

Let,  v . To  permit,  to  allow;  to 

lease. 

Letter,  n.  A mark  or  charac- 
ter; a written  or  printed  com- 
munication. 

Lev'ee,  n.  A morning  recep- 
tion; an  embankment. 

•  Lev'i-ty,  n.  Frivolity,  gayety, 

vanity. 

Lev'y,  v . To  gather  or  exact, 

as  a tax. 

LFa-ble,  a . Responsible,  an- 
swerable. 

LFbel,  n.  Any  defamatory 

writing. 

.......  License,  n . Authority ; a grant 

of  permission. 

. Lie,  v . To  utter  falsehood  with 

intention  to  deceive. 

•  Lie  (imp.  lay),  v.  To  rest  ex- 

tended; (law)  to  be  capable  of 
being  maintained. 

Lief,  adv.  Gladly,  willingly, 

freely.  (Now  used  only  in  the 
phrases  had  as  lief  and  would 
as  lief.) 

....... .Lien,  n.  A legal  claim  on  prop- 
erty by  reason  of  debt. 

.Lieu,  n.  Place,  room,  stead  (in 

lieu  of). 

....... .Light  en,  v.  To  make  lighter, 

or  less  heavy;  to  display 
flashes  of  lightning. 

Likely,  adv.  In  all  probabil- 
ity* 


..Lily,  n.  A handsome  flower- 
ing plant. 

. .LinPif,  n . Bound,  border,  edge; 
utmost  extent. 

. .Lin'e-age,  n . Descent  in  a line 
from  a common  progenitor. 

..Linger,  v.  To  delay,  loiter, 
tarry.  f 

. .Lin  guist,  n.  A person  skilled 
in  languages. 

. .Lin'o-type,  n.  A machine 
which  sets  and  casts  type  a 
line  at  a time. 

. .Liq'ue-fy,  v . To  convert  into  a 
liquid. 

. .Liq'ui-date,  v.  To  determine 
the  precise  amount  of  indebb* 
edness. 

. .Lit'er-al,  a.  Real,  not  figura* 
tive. 

. .Lit'er-a-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to 
literature. 

. .Lithe,  a . Pliant,  flexible,  lim- 
ber. 

. .Lit-i-ga'tion,  n.  A suit  at  law, 
a judicial  contest. 

. .Loan,  n.  That  which  one  lends 
or  borrows. 

. .Loath,  a.  Averse,  unwilling,  re- 
luctant. 

..Loathe,  v.  To  hate,  detest, 
abominate. 

. .Loathsome,  a.  Disgusting, 
nauseating. 

. . Lo/cal,  a.  Pertaining  to  a par- 
ticular place  or  definite  re- 
gion. 

, .Lo-ca'tion,  w.  Place,  locality, 
situation. 

. .Lo-co-mo'tion,  n.  Power  of 
moving  from  place  to  place. 

..Lodge,  v.  To  rest,  to  stay,  to 
abide. 

. .LoPty,  a.  Tall,  high;  exalted) 
dignified,  sublime. 

, .Log'ic,  n . Science  of  exact 
reasoning. 

, .Loom,  v.  To  appear  above  th0 
surface. 

. .Lo-qua'cious,  a.  Talkative,  in* 
dined  to  disclose  secrets. 

. .Loss,  n.  Privation,  detriment, 
damage. 

.Love,  n.  A feeling  of  strong 
attachment. 

. .Loy'al,  a.  Faithful,  true,  con- 
stant. 

.Lu'cid,  a . Shining,  bright, 

clear. 


42 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Lack,  n . Chance,  fate,  for- 
tune. 

LtPcre,  n.  Profit,  gain  in  goods 
or  money;  riches. 

Lu'di-crous,  a.  Comic,  ridicu- 
lous. 

Lumber,  n.  Manufactured  tim- 
ber. 

Lurch,  v.  To  roll  or  sway  sud- 
denly to  one  side. 

Lure,  v.  To  entice;  to  attract 
by  means  of  anything  that 

M 


promises  pleasure  or  advan- 
tage. 

Luscious,  a.  Sweet,  delicious, 
toothsome. 

Lusher,  n.  Brilliancy,  splen- 
dor. 

Lux-u'ri-ant,  a.  Very  abun- 
dant  in  growth. 

Lux'u-ry,  n.  Anything  expen- 
sive which  pleases  the  senses. 

Lyre,  n.  A stringed  musical 
instrument. 


Mac-a-ro'ni,  n.  An  article  of 
food  made  of  slender  tubes  of 
wheat  flour. 

Mace,  n.  A kind  of  spice;  a 
club. 

Ma-chine/,  n . A mechanical 

contrivance. 

Mack'er-el,  n.  A species  of 
fish. 

Mad,  a.  Insane;  angry,  furious 
with  rage. 

Ma-don'na,  n.  A picture  of  the 


Magic,  n.  Witchcraft,  enchant- 
ment. 

MagTs-trate,  n.  A public  civil 

officer. 

... Mag-nanl-mous,  a . Great  of 

mind,  noble,  honorable. 

.T. Mag'net-ism,  n.  Power  of  at- 

traction. 

Mag'ni-fy,  v.  To  enlarge;  to 

praise  highly. 

Maiden,  n.  An  unmarried 

woman. 

Mail,  n . Armor;  that  which 

comes  by  mail. 

Maim,  v.  To  cripple,  to  injure, 

to  disable. 

Main,  a.  Chief,  principal,  lead- 
ing. 

Main-tain',  v.  To  support,  to 

sustain. 

Maize,  n.  Corn,  a seed  growing 

on  cobs  and  used  as  food  for 
men  and  animals. 

Maj'es-tyj  n . Grandeur,  exalt- 
ed dignity. 

....... Ma-jorl-ty,  n.  The  greater 

number. 

Make-believe,  «.  Insin- 
cere. 

Mal'a-dy,  n.  Any  disease  of 

the  human  body. 

Male,  n.  An  animal  of  the  male 

sex. 


Mal-e-fac'tor,  n.  An  evil  doer; 
a criminal. 

Mal-fea'sance,  n.  Evil  conduct, 
an  illegal  deed. 

Ma-lign',  v.  To  slander,  to  tra- 
duce. 

.Mal-prac'tice,  n.  Practice  con- 
trary to  established  rules. 

.Mam'ma  (pronounced  also  mam - 
ma')>  n.  Mother. 

.Mam'mon,  n.  Riches,  wealth; 
the  god  of  riches. 

.Man'a-cle,  n.  A handcuff,  a 
shackle  for  the  hand  or  wrist. 

. Man'age-ment,  n.  Conduct, 
administration,  direction. 

.Mandate,  n.  An  order  or  in- 
junction. 

.Mane,  n.  Hair  flowing  from  a 
horse’s  neck. 

.Ma-neu'ver,  n.  Dexterous 
movement. 

.Ma'ni-a.  n.  Insanity,  unrea- 
sonable desire. 

.Man'i-fest,  a.  Evident  to  the 
senses. 

.Man'i-fold,  a.  Numerous,  mul- 
tiplied. 

.Ma-nip'n-late,  v.  To  manage, 

control,  handle. 

.Man'ly,  a.  Manlike;  brave, 
courageous. 

.Man'na,  n.  Divinely  supplied 
food. 

.Manner,  n.  Mode  of  action, 
method,  style. 

.Man'or,  n.  A tract  of  land  oc- 
cupied by  tenants. 

.Mansion,  n.  A house  of  con- 
siderable size  or  preten- 
sions. 

.Man'tel,  n.  A shelf  above  a 
fireplace. 

.Mangle,  n.  A cloak;  a loose 
garment  to  be  worn  over 
other  garments. 


draughon’s  practical,  speller. 


43 


Man-u-fae/ture,  v.  To  work 

raw  material  into  forms  suit- 
able for  use. 

. .Manuscript,  ft.  Writing,  not 

printing. 

Mar,  v.  To  deface,  to  impair, 

to  damage. 

Ma-raud'er,  ft.  A plunderer,  a 

pillager. 

Mare/chal  ffieP,  ft.  A kind  of 

large  yellow  rose. 

Mar/gin,  ft.  Border,  edge,  rim, 

brink. 

....... .Mar'i-ner,  ft.  A seaman  or 

sailor. 

Mar'i-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 

husband. 

Maritime,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 

ocean. 

Market,  ft.  A public  place  of 

sale. 

Marksman,  ft.  A person  skill- 
ful in  hitting  a mark. 

Marriage,  ft.  Wedlock,  matri- 
mony. 

Mar  shal,  ft.  An  officer,  a di- 
rector of  a procession,  etc. 

Martyr,  ft.  One  who  sacrifices 

himself  for  a principle  or  a 
cause. 

Mar'vel,  v.  To  wonder,  to  be 

struck  with  surprise  or  aston- 
ishment. 

Mas'cot,  ft.  A thing  that  brings 

good  luck. 

- Mas-quer-ade',  v.  To  frolic  in 

disguise. 

........ Mas/sa-cre,  ft.  Promiscuous 

slaughter  of  many. 

Mass'ive,  a.  Heavy,  weighty; 

consisting  of  a large  mass. 

Mas'ter-ly,  a . Showing  a mas- 
ter’s hand. 

Master-piece,  ft.  A supreme 

achievement. 

.Mate,  ft.  An  associate,  a com- 
panion. 

. .Ma-te'ri-al,  a.  Important,  es- 
sential, weighty. 

* Math-e-mat tcs,  ft.  The  science 

of  numbers. 

....... .Ma-tric'u-late,  v.  To  enroll,  as 

in  a college. 

Matter,  n.  Material,  substance, 

essence. 

Ma-ture',  o.  Ripe*  perfect, 

complete. 

.Maxt-mum*  ft.  Greatest  quan- 
tity dr  value;  highest  point  or 
degree. 

Mayt>e,  adv.  Perhaps,  possibly. 


.May'or,  ft.  Chief  officer  of  a 
municipality. 

.Maze,  ft . Confusion  of  thought, 
perplexity. 

. Mead/ow,  ft.  Low  land  covered 
with  grass. 

. Meaner,  a.  Thin,  lean,  scanty, 
poor. 

.Meal,  ft.  Ground  corn;  food 
taken  at  a particular  time. 

.Mean,  a.  Low,  vulgar,  bad, 
dishonorable,  disgraceful. 

.Mean,  ft.  The  middle  point  or 
place. 

Meaning,  ft.  Import,  significa- 
tion. 

.Meantime,  ft.  Intervening 
time. 


, Mea/s]}e^,  ft.  A contagious,  erup- 
tive disease. 

Meat,  ft.  Flesh  of  animals  used 
as  food. 

Me-chantc-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a machine;  uninfluenced 
by  will  or  emotion. 

MeiPdle,  v.  To  interfere  with 
another’s  affairs. 

Me/di-ate,  v.  To  interpose  be- 
tween parties. 

Medt-cine,  ft.  A remedy,  a re- 
medial agent. 

Medt-tate,  v . To  think  seri- 
ously. 

Me'di-um,  ft.  That  through 
which  an  effect  is  transmitted 
from  one  thing  to  another. 

Meed,  ft.  Reward,  recompense; 
worth. 

Meet,  v . To  come  in  contact 
with. 

MePan-chol-y,  n.  Depression 
of  spirits. 

MePlow,  a.  Soft  or  tender  by 
reason  of  ripeness. 

MePo-dy,  ft.  An  agreeable  suc- 
cession of  sounds. 

MenPber,  ft.  An  organ,  a limb; 
a person  belonging  to  a socie- 
ty. 

Me-men'to,  ft.  A token,  a sou- 
venir. 

MenPo-ra-ble,  a.  Important,  re- 
markable. 

Mem-o-raiPdum,  ».  A note  to 
help  the  memory. 

MenPo-rize,  v.  To  commit  to 
memory. 

MeiPace,  ft.  Indication  of  prob- 
able evil. 

Men-da'cious,  a.  False,  lying 
counterfeit. 


u 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Men'di-cant,  n.  A beggar,  one 
who  makes  a business  of  beg- 
ging. 

Men  ial,  a.  Pertaining  to  serv- 
ants. 

Mental,  a . Intellectual,  per- 
taining to  the  mind. 

Mention,  v.  To  speak  briefly 
of,  to  name. 

MePce-na-ry,  a.  Greedy  of 
gain. 

MePckan-dise,  n.  Goods, 
wares,  commodities. 

. Merchant,  n . A dealer,  a 
trader. 

. MePcy , n . Forbearance ; a bless- 
ing. 

.Mere,  a.  Only  this,  and  noth- 
ing else. 

.Merger,  n . An  absorption  of 
one  thing  into  or  by  another. 

.Meruit,  n . Worth,  excellence; 
quality  of  deserving  well. 

.Mer'ry,  a.  Jovial,  overflowing 
with  good  humor. 

.Message,  n.  Notice,  word, 
communication. 

.Mes'sienrs^w.  Sirs,  gentlemen 
( Messrs .). 

.Me-taPlic,  a.  Pertaining  to 
metal. 

.Met-a-moPpho-sis,  n.  Change 
of  form  or  structure. 

.MePa-pkor,  n . A compressed 
simile. 

.Mete,  n.  Measure,  limit, 
boundary. 

.Me'ter,  n.  An  instrument  for 
measuring  and  recording  au- 
tomatically the  quantity  meas- 
ured; poetical  measure. 

.Method,  7i.  Manner,  way,  sys- 
tem. 

.MePtle,  n.  Spirit,  disposition, 
temperament. 

.Mid/dle-man,  n.  A go-between; 
a broker. 

.Might,  n . Force,  power,  ability, 
capacity. 

.MFgra-to-ry,  a.  Roving,  wan- 
dering. 

.Milch  cow,  n . A cow  giving 
milk. 

, .Mil-lenTii-um,  n.  A thousand 
years. 

. .MiFli-ner,  n.  One  who  makes, 
trims,  or  deals  in  women’s  hats. 

. .Mil-lion-aire/,  n.  A person 
with  a million  dollars. 

. .MinPic.  v.  To  imitate;  to  ridi- 
cule oy  imitation. 


.Mince,  v.  To  act  or  talk  with 

affected  nicety. 

.Mind,  n.  The  intellectual  fac- 
ulty in  man. 

.Mine,  n.  A pit  from  which  ores 
are  dug. 

. Min'gle , v.  To  mix,  to  combine 
or  join. 

.Minton,  n.  A fawning  favor- 
ite. 

. Mini-mum,  n.  The  least  quan- 
tity assignable  or  admissible. 

.Mhris-ter,  n.  An  ambassador; 
a clergyman. 

.MPnor,  a.  Inferior  in  degree, 
importance,  etc. 

.MPnus,  a.  Less;  requiring  to 
be  subtracted. 

.Min'ute,  n.  Sixty  seconds;  a 
memorandum,  a record. 

.Mi-nnte/,  a . Little,  slight,  slen- 
der. 

. MiPa-cle,  n.  An  event  contra- 
ry to  the  established  course  of 
things. 

.MiPror,  n.  A looking-glass;  a 
pattern,  an  exemplar. 

.Mis-caPry,  v.  To  go  wrong, 
to  suffer  defeat. 

. Mis-eel-la'ne-ous,  a.  Mixed, 
promiscuous. 

.Mis'chie-vous,  a.  Causing  mis- 
chief, harmful. 

.Mis-de-mean'or,  n.  A crime 
less  than  a felony. 

.MFser,  n.  A covetous,  grasp- 
ing, mean  person. 

.Mis'er-a-ble,  a.  Unhappy, 
wretched. 

. .Mis -fortune,  n.  Calamity,  dis- 
aster. 

. .Mis-prPsion,  n . Neglect,  negli- 
gence. ^ 

. .Mis-rep-re-sen-ta'tion,  n.  Un- 
true representation. 

..Missile,  n.  A weapon  thrown 
or  projected. 

..Mission,  n:  Business  or  duty 
on  which  one  is  sent. 

. . Missive,  n.  A writing  contain- 
ing a message. 

. .Mis-take',  n.  A blunder,  an 
error. 

. .Mite,  n.  Anything  very  small; 
a very  little  quantity. 

. .MiPi-gate,  v.  To  make  less 

severe. 

. .MiPti-mus,  n . A warrant  of 
. commitment  to  prison. 

..Mobile,  a.  Capable  of  being 

moved. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


45 


.Mode,  n.  Manner,  method, 
form,  fashion,  custom. 

•Mod'el,  n.  A miniature  repre- 
sentation of  a thing. 

.Mod'er-ate,  v.  To  lessen,  to 
allay. 

.Modern,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
present  time. 

.Mod'i-fy,  v . To  change  some- 
what. 

.Mold,  r.  To  shape,  to  model, 
to  fashion. 

.Mo-lesF,  y.  To  trouble,  to  dis- 
turb. 

. Mon/arch,  n.  A supreme  ruler, 
a sovereign. 

.Mon'ey.  n.  Coin  or  currency; 
wealth. 

Mo-nop'o-ly,  n.  Exclusive  pos- 
session, right,  or  privilege. 

Mo-noFo-ny,  n.  Irksome  same- 
ness. 

Mobster,  n.  Something  of  un- 
natural size,  shape,  or  qual- 
ity. 

Mope,  v.  To  be  dull  and  spirit- 
less. 

Mor'al,  a.  Relating  to  duty  or 
obligation. 

More-o'ver,  adv.  Further,  be- 
sides. 

.Mortal,  a . Subject  to  death; 
deadly. 

Mortgage,  y.  To  pledge  prop- 
erty as  security  for  debt. 

Motive,  n.  That  which  incites 
to  action. 

Mo'tor.  n.  One  who  or  that 
which  imparts  motion. 

Mono,  n . A short  expression 
of  a guiding  principle. 

.Mount,  v.  To  get  up  on  any- 
thing. 

N 

.Nag,  v . To  tease  in  a petty 

way. 

.Nail,  v.  To  fasten,  as  with  a 
nail  or  an  assertion. 

.Namely,  adv . That  is  to  say, 
to  wit. 

.Naphtha  (naFtha),  n . Crude 
petroleum. 

.Nar'ra-tive,  n.  A story,  a re- 
cital. 

.NaTion-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
nation;  common  to  a people. 

.Native,  n.  One  born  in  a 
country  or  place  referred  to. 

.NaFu-ral,  a.  Native,  charac- 
teristic.   


.Mountain,  n.  An  eminence 
higher  than  a hill. 

. Movable,  a.  Capable  of  being 
moved. 

.Mucous,  a . Pertaining  to  mu- 
cus. 

.Mu'cus,  n.  A sticky  animal 
fluid. 

.Mud/dle,  y.  To  confuse,  to  per- 
plex. 

Mul-ti-fa'ri-ous,  a.  Made  up 
of  many  parts. 

MuFti-ply,  y.  To  increase  in 
number. 

MuFti-tude,  n.  A crowd,  an 
assembly. 

.Mumps,  n.  An  epidemic  dis- 
ease. 

.Mu'ni-ment,  n.  A record;  place 
or  means  of  defense. 

Murmur,  y.  To  complain,  to 
grumble. 

. Mus/cle,  n.  An  organ  which  by 
its  contraction  produces  mo- 
tion. 

Mu'sic,  n , Science  and  art  of 
tones,  or  musical  sounds. 

Mus-tache',  n.  Hair  growing 
on  the  upper  lip. 

Mu'ta-ble,  a.  Changeable,  al- 
terable. 

Mu'ti-late,  y.  To  maim,  to  cut 
off  or  destroy  a part  of. 

Mu  tu-al,  a.  Interchanged,  re- 
ciprocal. 

. Myr  'i-ad,  n.  An  immense  num- 
ber. 

.Mys'ter-y,  n.  A profound 
secret;  something  concealed; 
something  that  cannot  be  ex- 
plained. 

.MytlFic-al,  a.  Imaginary,  fan- 
cied. 


Nat/u-ral-ize,  y.  To  adopt  into 
a nation  or  a State. 

Naught,  n . Nothing;  a ci- 
pher. 

NaughFy,  a.  Mischievous,  per- 
verse. 

Nau'tic-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
ships,  seamen,  or  navigation. 

Na'val,  a . Having  to  do  with 
shipping. 

Na'vel,  n.  A mark  in  the  mid- 
dle of  the  abdomen. 

Nec'es-sa-ry,  a . Impossible  to 
be  otherwise. 

Ne-ces/si-ty,  n.  Need,  want;  a 
requisite. 


46 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


.. Nee'dle,  w.  A small  steel  in- 

strument used  in  sewing. 

Ne-f a'ri-ous,  a.  Wicked,  abomi- 
nable. 

Neg-lect',  v.  To  disregard,  to 

slight. 

Ne-go'ti-ate,  v.  To  procure  or 

arrange  for  by  negotiation. 

..Neigh  (nay),  n . The  cry  of  a 

horse. 

Neighbor,  w.  A person  who 

lives  near  another. 

.Neither,  conj.  Not  either,  not 

the  one  or  the  other. 

....... .Nephew,  n.  A son  of  one’s 

brother  or  sister. 

Nervous,  a.  Sensitive,  excita- 
ble, timid. 

Nether,  a.  Lying  beneath,  un- 
der. 

Neuter,  a . Neither  male  nor 

female. 

Neutral,  a.  Taking  no  part  on 

either  side. 

Newlan-gled,  a . New-made; 

given  to  new  theories  or  fash- 
ions. 

News,  n.  A report  of  something 

that  has  recently  occurred. 

News'pa-per,  n.  A sheet  print- 
ed to  convey  news. 

Nice,  a.  Delicate,  refined; 

agreeable,  delightful. 

....... .Niche,  n . A cavity,  a hollow 

place. 

Nick,  n . A broken  or  indented 

^ n.  A metal;  a five-cent 
piece." 

NickTiame,  n.  A familiar  or 
opprobrious  name. 

Niece,  n.  A daughter  of  one’s 
brother  or  sister. 

Nig'gard-ly,  a . Stingy,  covet- 
ous, avaricious. 

.Night,  n . The  time  between 
dust  and  dawn. 

.Nil,  n . and  a . Nothing;  worth- 
less, of  no  account. 

.No'ble,  a.  Of  exalted  rank; 

honorable,  dignified. 

.Noise,  n . Sound  of  any  kind; 
din,  uproar. 

.Noisome,  a.  Hurtful,  unwhole- 
some. 

.Noml-nate,  v.  To  name  or 
designate  for  office  or  place. 
•Noml-nee,  n.  A person  nomi- 
nated. 

.Non-emli-ty,  ».  A thing  not 
existing. 


place. 

Nickel, 


Non-joinder,  n . Omission  of 
some  person  who  should  have 
been  made  plaintiff  or  defend- 
ant in  a suit. 

Non-pa-reil7,  a.  Having  no 
equal,  peerless. 

Nonplus,  v.  To  puzzle,  to  con- 
found. 

Non'suit,  n.  Neglect  by  plain- 
tiff to  follow  up  his  suit. 

-Nor'mal,  a.  Regular,  natu- 
ral. 

No/ta-ble,  a.  Worthy  of  notice; 
remarkable. 

No'ta-ry,  n . One  who  records 
in  shorthand  what  is  said  or 
done;  a public  officer. 

-Notebook,  n.  A book  in  which 
memoranda  are  written. 

, No'ti-fy , v.  To  make  known,  to 
give  notice  to. 

.Notion,  n.  An  idea;  an  opin- 
ion. 

.No-to'ri-ous,  a.  Universally  be- 
lieved to  be  true. 

.Nourish,  v . To  cherish,  feed, 
supply. 

.Novdl,  a.  New,  unusual,  out 
of  the  ordinary. 

.Nov'el,  n.  A fictitious  tale  or 
narrative. 

.Novice,  n.  One  unacquainted 
or  unskilled. 

.Nu'cle-us,  n.  Central  mass 
about  which  matter  is  gath- 
ered. 

.Nude,  a.  Naked,  bare,  un- 
draped. 

.Nu'ga-to-ry,  a.  Trifling,  of  no 
force. 

.NuUsance,  n.  That  which  an- 
noys or  gives  trouble. 

.Null,  a . void,  useless,  of  no  ef- 
ficacy. 

.Nulli-fy,  v . To  make  void;  to 
repeal. 

.Numb^  a.  Insensible,  without 
feeling. 

.Nu'mer-ous,  a.  Consisting  of  a 
great  number. 

.Nun«  n.  A woman  devoted  to 
religious  life,  who  lives  in  a 
convent. 

.Nun-cu'pa-tive,  a.  Oral,  not 
written. 

.Nurse,  v . To  cherish,  foster, 
bring  up. 

.Nur'ture,  v.  To  feed,  to  nour- 
ish. 

. Nmlri-ment, ».  That  which  pro- 
motes growth  or  development. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


47 


o 


....... .Oar,  n . An  implement  for  im- 
pelling a boat. 

(Ka-siS;  n.  A fertile  or  green 

spot  in  a desert. 

Oath,  n.  A solemn  affirmation 

or  declaration. 

Ob'du-rate,  a.  Hard,  firm,  un- 
bending. 

O-be'di-ent,  a.  Subject  to  au- 
thority, submissive  to  control. 

O-bei'sance,  n.  Homage,  a 

bow,  a courtesy. 

Ob-ject',  v.  To  make  opposition 

in  words  or  argument. 

........  Object,  n.  Something  visible 

or  tangible. 

Ob-jecTive  point,  n.  The  point 

or  purpose  to  which  anything 
is  directed. 

, .ObTi-gate,  v.  To  place  under 

obligation;  to  bind  to  an  act. 

........ Ob'li-ga-to-ry,  a.  Binding  in 

law  or  conscience. 

...„ O-blige7,  v.  To  please,  to 

gratify;  to  constrain. 

Ob-liq'ui-ty , n.  Deviation  from 

moral  rectitude. 

Ob-lit'er-ate,  v.  To  erase  or 

blot  out. 

Ob-liv'i-on,  n.  The  act  of  for- 
getting or  the  state  of  being 
forgotten. 

Ob-nox'ious,  a.  Liable  to  cen- 
sure; offensive,  odious. 

Ob-scene/,  a.  Impure,  immod- 
est. 

Ob-scure7,  v.  To  darken,  to 

hide. 

Ob  -se'qui-ous,  a.  Meanly  at- 
tentive. 

Ob'se-quy,  n.  Rite  pertaining 

to  burial. 

........  Ob-serve',  v.  To  keep,  to  heed ; 

to  see,  to  perceive. 

Ob'so-lete,  a.  No  longer  in 
use. 


....... .Ob'sta-cle,  n.  A hindrance,  an 

obstruction. 

.......  .Obsti-nate,  a.  Not  yielding  to 

reason;  stubborn. 

.Ob-struct',  v.  To  check,  inter- 
rupt, impede. 

.......  .Ob-taiiT,  v . To  get  hold  of,  to 

get  possession. 

. . . . ^ . Ob-tuse/,  a.  Not  having  acute 
sensibility  or  perceptions; 
dull,  stupid. 

. . . ... . .Ob'vi-ate,  v . To  make  unneces- 
sary. 


, Ob'vi-ous , a.  Easily  seen  or  un- 
derstood. 

Oc-ca'sion,  n.  An  occurrence, 
a happening. 

Oc-ca'sion-al,  a.  Occurring  at 
irregular  times. 

.Oc-cult7,  a.  Hidden  from  the 
eye  or  the  understanding. 

Oc-cu-pa'tion,  n . That  which 
occupies  the  time  and  atten- 
tion. 

, Oc'cu-py,  v.  To  take  or  hold 
possession  of. 

, Oc-curTenee,  n.  Any  incident 
or  event. 

.Oc-ta'vo,  a.  Having  eight 
leaves  to  a sheet. 

.Odd,  a . Without  a mate;  left 
over;  strange. 

.0/dor,  n.  Any  smell,  whether 
pleasant  or  offensive. 

.Of-fend7,  v.  To  displease,  to 
make  angry. 

.Of Ter,  v . To  propose,  pro- 
pound, tender;  to  sacrifice. 

. Office,  n.  That  which  one  does*, 
for  another;  a public  duty* 
trust,  charge. 

.Of -filial,  n . One  who  holds  an 
office. 

.Of-fPci-ate,  v.  To  act  as  an 
officer;  to  conduct  a public 
service. 

.Of-iPcious,  a.  Meddlesome,  im- 
pertinent. 

.01-fac'to-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  sense  of  smell. 

.O-me'ga,  n . The  last  letter  of 
the  Greek  alphabet;  the  last, 
the  end. 

.O'men,  n . An  augury,  a fore- 
token. 

. OnPi-nous,  a.  Significant,  por- 
tentous. 

. O-mit7,  v . To  leave  out;  to  leave 
undone. 

,Om-nip/o-tent,a.  All-powerful, 
almighty. 

Om-ni-pres'enee,  n.  Presence 
in  every  place  at  the  same 
time. 

Om«nis/cient,  a . Having  uni- 
versal knowledge. 

Om-niv'o-rous,  a.  Eating 
everything  indiscriminately. 

On'er-ous,  a.  Burdensome,  op- 
pressive. 

Onslaught,  n.  A furious  attack 
or  assault. 


48 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Op'er-ate,  v.  To  act;  to  pro- 

duce  an  effect. 

0-pin7ion,  n.  Sentiment,  notion, 

idea,  view. 

. . .0-pin7ion-a-ted,  a.  Obstinate 

in  opinion. 

07pi-um,  w.  The  juice  of  the 

white  poppy. 

Op-po7nenf,  n.  An  antagonist, 

a foe. 

Op-por-tune7,  a . Seasonable, 

timely. 

Op-por-tu7ni-ty,  n.  Fit  or  con- 
venient time;  chance. 

Op-pose7,  v.  To  resist  or  an- 
tagonize; to  compete  with. 

Op7po-site,  a . Placed  over 

against;  different,  contrary, 
antagonistic. 

Op-press7,  v.  To  overload,  to 

treat  with  cruelty. 

Op-pro'bri-ous,  a.  Reproach- 
ful, scurrilous. 

0p7tic-al,  a . Pertaining  to  the 

eye. 

0p7ti-mism,  n . A disposition  to 

take  the  most  hopeful  view. 

Op7tion,  n . Right  of  choice  or 

election. 

... 0p7u-lent,  a.  Wealthy,  rich; 

having  a large  estate  or  prop- 
erty. 

Oi^a-cle,  n.  The  Deity;  a per- 
son reputed  uncommonly 
wise. 

07ral,  a.  Spoken,  not  written; 

verbal. 

0-ra7tion,  n.  An  elaborate  dis- 
course. 

Oi^a-tor,  n . An  eloquent 

speaker. 

Orb,  n.  A spherical  body,  a 

globe. 

0r7ches-tra,  n.  A band  of  in- 
strumental musicians. 

.Or-dain7,  v.  To  set  in  order;  to 

decree;  to  appoint. 

Or7de-al,  n . A severe  trial  or 

test. 

0r7der,  n.  Regular  arrange- 
ment; freedom  from  disturb- 
ance; a precept,  a command; 
a body  of  persons. 

Oi^di-nance,  n.  A rule  estab- 
lished by  authority. 

0r7di-na-ry,  a.  Regular,  cus- 
tomary. 

Ordinance,  n . Heavy  weapons 

of  warfare. 

.Ore,  n.  The  native  form  of  a 

metal. 


Oi^gan,  n.  An  instrument  by 
which  an  end  is  accomplished; 
a musical  instrument. 

0r7gan-ize,  v . To  arrange  and 
constitute  in  parts. 

0r7i-fice,  n . A mouth  or  aper- 
ture. 

0r7i-gin,  n.  The  beginning  of 
anything. 

0-rig7i-nal,  a . New,  fresh; 

genuine. 

0r7na-ment,  n.  Decoration, 
adornment. 

0r7phan,  n.  A child  bereaved 
of  one  or  both  parents. 

Or7tho-dox,  a.  Sound  in  opin- 
ion or  doctrine;  approved. 

0r-thog7ra-phy,  n.  Correct 
spelling. 

0s7si-fy,  v.  To  form  into  bone; 
to  harden. 

Os-ten7si-ble,  a . Shown, 
avowed,  professed. 

Os-ten-ta7tion,  n.  Parade, 
show,  boasting. 

0s7tra-cize,  v.  To  banish  from 
society. 

0th7er-wise,  adv.  In  a differ- 
ent manner,  in  another  way. 

Ought,  aux . To  be  bound  in 
duty  or  by  moral  obliga- 
tion. 

.Ounce,  n.  Sixteenth  part  of  a 
pound  avoirdupois. 

.0ust7er,  n.  Dispossession,  ejec' 
tion. 

.Out7lay,  n.  That  which  is  ex- 
pended. 

.Outline,  n.  The  exterior  line 
or  edge;  a sketch. 

. 0ut7rage , n.  W anton  mischief, 
gross  injury. 

.Out7right,  adv . Immediately, 
without  delay. 

.07val,  a.  Having  the  figure  of 
an  egg. 

.0-va7tion,  n.  An  expression  of 
popular  homage. 

. 0-ver-bear7ing,  a.  Overpower- 
ing. 

. 0-ver-come7,  v.  To  conquer,  to 
subdue. 

. 0-Yer-haul7,  v.  To  examine  with 
a view  to  corrections. 

.0-ver-hear7,  v . To  hear  by  ac- 
cident. 

.0-ver-look7,  v . To  watch  over, 
to  look  over  carefully;  to  neg- 
lect. 

,0-ver-reach7*  v,  To  cheat  by 
cunning. 


lraughon’s  practical  speller. 


49 


.O-yer-rule7,  v.  To  decide 
against;  to  supersede,  reject, 
annul. 

.0-ver-see7,  v.  To  superintend, 
to  direct. 

07vert,  Public,  open  to 
view. 

07ver-tnre,  n.  A proposal,  an 
offer;  a musical  composition. 

. 0-ver-ween7ing,  a.  Unduly 

confident,  conceited. 


0-ver-whelm7,  v.  To  overpow- 
er, to  crush. 

Owe , v.  To  be  under  obligation 

to  pay. 

Own,  v.  To  acknowledge;  to 

possess. 

..Oyster,  n.  A marine  bivalve 

animal. 

. .Q7zone,  n.  A colorless  gase- 
ous substance,  a form  of  oxy-, 
gen. 


Pace,  n.  A step;  manner  of 
stepping  or  moving. 

Pa-cif7ic,  a.  Calm,  quiet, 
peaceful. 

Pa7gan,  n . A heathen,  an  idol- 
ater. 

Page,  n.  One  side  of  a leaf  of 
written  or  printed  matter. 

Pageant,  n.  A show,  spectacle, 
or  display. 

Pail,  n.  A vessel  of  wood  or 
tin. 

Pain,  n.  Mental  distress;  bodi- 
ly suffering. 

Pair,  n.  Two  things  of  a kind, 
similar  in  form  and  intended 
to  be  used  together. 

PaPate,  n.  The  roof  of  the 
mouth. 

Pale,  a . Dusky  white,  pallid, 


wan. 

Palette,  n.  A board  on  which 
a painter  mixes  his  pig- 
ments. 

Pall,  v.  To  lose  strength,  life, 
or  spirit. 

Pal7let,  n.  A small  and  mean 
bed. 

PaPli-ate,  v.  To  cover  with 
excuses. 

PaPlid,  a.  Pale,  wan;  deficient 
in  color. 

Palm,  n . A tree;  a symbol  of 
victory. 

Palm,  v . To  impose  upon  by 
fraud. 

PaPpa-ble,  a.  Plain,  distinct, 
gross. 

Pal  try,  a.  Worthless,  trifling, 
contemptible. 

PanPper,  v.  To  indulge  to  ex- 
cess. 


Pan7ic,  n.  A sudden  overpow- 
ering fright. 

Pan-o-ra7ma,  n.  A picture  pre- 
senting a view  of  objects  in 
every  direction. 

4 


Pan7to-mime,  n.  A dramatic 

representation  by  actors  who 
use  only  dumb  show. 

Pa7pal,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 

pope  of  Rome. 

Pa-paw7,  n.  A tree  of  tropical 

America,  also  its  fruit. 

Pa-py7rus,  n.  Material  upon 

which  ancient  Egyptians 
wrote. 

Par,  n.  Equal  value  {at  par,  at 

the  original  price;  below  par , 
above  par,  etc.). 

Par7a-ble,  n.  A comparison,  a 

similitude. 

Pa-rade7,  n.  Pompous  show; 

movement  of  a body  in  mili- 
tary order. 

Par7a-dise,  n.  A place  of  bliss; 

a state  of  happiness. 

Par7a-dox,  n.  That  which  in 

appearance  is  absurd,  yet 
may  be  true. 

Par7a-gon,  n.  A model  or  pat- 
tern. 

Par7a-graph,  n.  A distinct  part 

of  a discourse  or  writing;  an 
item. 

Par7al-lel,  a.  Similar,  running 

side  by  side. 

Par7a-mount,  a.  Chief,  su- 
preme. 

Par-a-pher-na  li-a,  n.  Append- 
ages, finery,  equipment. 

Par7a-phrase,  v.  To  express  a 

passage  in  another  form  thaflL 
the  original. 

Par7cel,  n.  A part,  a fragment, 

a package,  a bundle. 

Par7don,  n.  Release  from  pen- 
alty. 

Pare,  v.  To  cut  off,  as  rind  of 

fruit. 

.Par7ent,  n.  Father  or  mother; 

cause,  source,  author. 

* . . Park,  n.  A piece  of  ground  kept 

I for  ornament  or  recreation. 


50 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Paisley,  v.  To  discuss  orally; 

to  confer  on  some  point  of 
mutual  concern. 

Par'o-dy,  n.  A writing  altered 

and  burlesqued. 

Pa-roF,  a.  Given  or  done  by 

word  of  mouth. 

Pa-role7,  v.  To  set  at  liberty  on 

one’s  word  of  honor. 

Par'ox-ysm,  n . A fit,  a convul- 
sion. 

Par'ry,  v.  To  ward  off,  evade, 

or  turn  aside  something. 

Par-si-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Stingy, 

niggardly. 

Pardon,  n.  A preacher,  a cler- 
gyman. 

•  Part,  n.  Something  less  than 

the  whole. 

•  Part,  v.  To  become  separated; 

to  take  leave. 

Par-take7,  v.  To  participate,  to 

share. 

•  Par  tial,  a.  Affecting  a part 

only;  biased. 

•  Par-tic'i-pate,  v.  To  take  part, 

to  have  a share  in. 

•  Par-tic7u-lar,  a.  Single,  indi- 

vidual, specific;  peculiar,  sin- 
gular. 

Par7ti-san,  n.  An  adherent  to 

a party  or  faction. 

Par-tFtion,  n.  Division,  dis- 
tribution. 

Partner,  n.  An  associate  in 

business;  a sharer. 

•  Part 'ner-sMp,  n.  J oint  posses- 

sion or  interest. 

Pass,  v.  To  go,  proceed,  move 

beyond. 

....... .Passable,  a . Capable  of  being 

traveled. 

Passing,  adv . Exceedingly. 

excessively. 

Pas'sion,  n.  A feeling  or  emo- 
tion mastering  the  mind. 

•  Passive,  a.  Not  active;  pa- 

tient. 

•  Pass'port,  n.  Permission  to 

pass. 

* Past,  a . Gone  by,  elapsed,  end- 

ed. 

Pas'tor^tt.  A shepherd;  a min- 
ister in  charge  of  a church. 

Pasture,  n.  Grass  land  for 

cattle,  eta 

•  Patch,  v . To  mend  with  a piece 

or  pieces  of  cloth  or  leather. 
........  PaFcnt,  n.  A document  secur- 
ing exolmsive  right. 

•  P&v  eat, «.  Evident,  apparent. 


.Pathos,  n.  That  which  awak- 
ens tender  emotions. 

.Pa'tient,  a . Able  to  suffer 

without  murmuring;  perse- 
vering, diligent. 

.Pa'tri-ot,  n . One  who  loves  his 
country. 

.Pa-troF,  v.  To  go  the  rounds 
of,  as  a sentry,  policeman, 
etc. 

.Pa'tron,  n.  One  who  encour- 
ages or  helps. 

.PaFron-age,  n.  Encourage- 
ment; business  custom. 

.PaFron-ize,  v.  To  trade  with 
customarily. 

PaFtern,  n.  A guide,  a sample, 
a design. 

.PaiFci-ty,  n.  Scarcity,  insuf- 
ficiency. 

.PaiFper*  n.  A dependent  poor 

person. 

.Pause 9 v . To  make  a short 
stop. 

.Pa-viFion,  n.  Atemporary 
movable  habitation. 

.Pawn 5 v.  To  deposit  in  pledge 
or  as  security  for  the  payment 
of  money  borrowed. 

.Pay 9 v.  To  remunerate,  to 
recompense. 

.Peace 9 n.  Harmony,  quiet, 
agreement. 

.Peal9  n.  A loud  sound,  as  of 
bells,  etc. 

.Pear  (pare),  n.  A kind  of 
fruit. 

.Peasant,  n.  A countryman,  a 

rustic. 

.PecTi-iate,  v.  To  embezzle;  to 
steal  public  moneys  intrusted 
to  one’s  care. 

.Pe-euFiar,  a.  One’s  own;  un- 
usual, singular,  rare. 

.Pe-cmFia-ry,  a.  Relating  to 

money. 

.Pedagogue,  n.  A teacher,  a 

schoolmaster. 

.Penial,  a . Of  or  pertaining  to 
the  foot  or  the  feet. 

.Ped7al,  n . A treadle;  a lever 
or  key  in  a pianoforte  or  or- 
gan acted  upon  by  the  foot. 

, .Ped'dle,  v.  To  sell  from  place 
to  place. 

. .Ped'es-tal,  n.  The  base  or  foot 
of  a statue,  etc. 

.Peel,  n . The  skin  or  rind  of 
fruit. 

, .Peer,  n.  One  of  the  same  rank* 
quality,  endowments,  etc. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


51 


.Pell-mell7,  adv.  In  utter  con- 
fusion. 

.Pelt,  n.  A raw  or  undressed 
hide. 

.Pelt,  v.  To  throw  missiles;  to 
strike  with  something  thrown 
or  driven. 

.Pe7nal,  a.  Pertaining  to  pun- 
ishments, penalties,  crimes. 

,Pen7al-ty,  n.  Punishment  for 
crime  or  offense. 

.Pendant,  n.  Something  which 
hangs  or  depends. 

Pen7e-trate,  v.  To  enter  into; 
to  affect  profoundly  through 
the  feelings. 

. Pen7i-tence,  n.  Sorrow  for  sin, 

repentance. 

Pen-i-ten7tia-ry,  n.  A house  of 

correction. 

Pension,  n.  Stated  allowance 
in  consideration  of  past  serv- 
ices. 

Pe-nu7ri-ous,  a . Stingy,  covet- 
ous, sordid. 

,Per-am7bu-late,  v.  To  walk 
through  or  over. 

Per-ceive7,  v.  To  see,  hear,  or 
feel. 

,Per7emp-to-ry?  a.  Positive,  ab- 
solute, decisive. 

,Per-en7ni-al,  a.  Perpetual, 
never  failing. 

.PerTect,  a.  without  flaw, 
blemish,  or  error. 

,Per7fect,  v.  To  make  perfect, 
to  complete. 

.Per7fo-rate,  v.  To  bore  through; 
to  pierce  with  a pointed  in- 
strument. 

.Per-form7,  v.  To  accomplish, 
do,  achieve,  discharge. 

.Per-func7to-ry,  a.  Done  in  a 
careless,  indifferent  man- 
ner. 

.Peril,  n.  Danger,  risk,  haz- 
ard. 

.Pe7ri-od,  n.  A portion  of  time; 
a mark  (.)  of  punctuation. 

.Per7ish,  v.  To  pass  away,  to 
become  nothing. 

.Per7ju-ry,  n.  False  swearing; 
a willfully  false  statement. 

.Per7ma-nent,  a.  Lasting,  du- 
rable, fixed. 

.Per-mit7,  v . To  consent  to,  to 
tolerate. 

.Per'mit,  n.  Leave,  permission, 
license. 

,Per-ni7cious,  o.  Malicious, 
wicked. 


,Per-pet7u-al,  a.  Everlasting, 
continuous. 

Per-plex7,  v.  To  entangle;  to 
embarrass. 

Per7qui-site,  n.  Something 
gained  above  one’s  salary  or 
wages. 

Per7se-cute,  v.  To  oppress, 
worry,  annoy. 

,Per-se-vere7,  v.  To  persist  in 
any  business  or  enterprise 
undertaken. 

Per-sist7,  v.  To  be  fixed  and 
unmoved;  to  persevere. 

Per7son,  n.  The  body;  a hu- 
man being. 

Per-son-nel7,  n.  The  body  of 
persons  employed  in  some 
public  service. 

.Per-spec7tive,  n.  A view;  that 
which  is  seen  through  an 
opening. 

.Per-spic7u-ous,  a.  Clear  to  the 
understanding. 

. Per-  spi-r a7tion , n.  That  which 
is  excreted  through  the  skin — 
sweat. 

.Per-suade7,  v.  To  influence  by 
argument,  etc. 

.Per7ti-nent,  a.  Suitable,  ap- 
propriate, fit. 

.Pe-ruse7,  v.  To  read  carefully; 
to  read  through. 

.Per-verse7,  a.  Stubborn,  wick- 
ed, ungovernable. 

.Per- vert7,  v.  To  lead  astray; 
to  misinterpret. 

,Pes7si-mist,  n.  One  who  looks 
on  the  dark  side. 

.Pe-ti7tion,  n.  A prayer,  an  en- 
treaty. 

.Pe-tro7le-um,  n.  Mineral  oil, 
rock  oil,  or  natural  oil. 

.Pet7ty,  a . Little,  trifling,  in- 
ferior. 

.Pew,  n.  A compartment  in  a 
church. 

.Pha7e«ton,  n.  A four-wheeled 

carriage. 

.Phan7tom,  n . That  which  has 
only  an  apparent  existence.  N 

.Phar-i-sa7ic,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  Pharisees;  self-righteous, 
hypocritical. 

.Phase,  n.  The  appearance 
which  anything  manifests. 

.Phe-nom7e-nal,  a . Extraordi- 
nary, wonderful. 

.Phi-lan7thro-py,  n.  Universal 
good  will;  love  to  sum- 
kind. 


52 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Phi-lol'o-gy,  n.  Study  of  lan- 
guage as  a science. 

Phi-los'o-pher,  n.  One  who 
lives  according  to  rules  of 
practical  wisdom. 

.Pho-net'ic,  a . Representing 
sounds. 

Pho-nog'ra-phy,  n.  A system 
of  shorthand  writing. 

.Pho'to-graph.  n.  A picture  ob- 
tained by  photography. 

.Phrase,  n.  A brief  expression, 
sometimes  a single  word,  but 
usually  two  or  more  words. 

.Phys'ic-al,  a . Material,  nat- 
ural. 

.Phy-sique',  n.  Physical  struc- 
ture of  a person. 

.Pic'nic,  n . An  excursion  or 
pleasure  party. 

.Pic-to'ri-al,  a . Illustrated  by 

pictures 

.Piddle,  v.  To  deal  in  trifles; 
to  concern  one’s  self  with  un- 
important matters. 

.Piece,  n.  A fragment  or  part 
of  anything. 

.Pier,  n.  A projecting  wharf  or 
landing  place. 

•Pierce,  v.  To  penetrate  with  a 
pointed  instrument. 

.PPe-ty,  n.  Religion,  sanctity, 
devotion. 

.Pigment,  n.  Material  from 
which  dye  or  paint  is  prepared. 

.Pike,  n.  A large,  fresh- water 
fish;  a turnpike. 

.Pile,  n.  A mass  of  things,  a 
heap. 

.PiFfer,  v.  To  steal  little  by 
little. 

.PiFlar,  n.  A pier,  column,  or 
post. 

. Pil  low,  n.  A support  for  the 
head  of  a person  when  repos- 
ing. 

.Pi  lot,  n.  A guide,  a director 
of  another. 

.Pine,  n.  A kind  of  tree  that 
bears  cones. 

..Pine,  v.  To  waste  away  with 
longing. 

. .Pinion,  n.  A wing;  a feather, 
a quill. 

. .PhTna-cle,  n.  A pointed  sum- 
mit. 

. .Pi-o-neer',  n.  One  who  goes 
before,  preparing  the  way  for 
others. 

. .Pi-que'  (pe-k£),  n . A cotton 
fabric. 


Pi'rate,  n.  A robber  on  the 
high  seas;  an  infringer  of  the 
law  of  copyright. 

.Pistil,  n.  The  seed-bearing  or- 
gan of  a flower. 

.Pistol,  n.  The  smallest  fire- 
arm used. 

.Pitcher,  n.  A wide-mouthed, 
deep  vessel  with  a spout  and  a 
handle;  a ball  player  who  de- 
livers the  ball  to  the  batsman. 

.Pith,  n.  Vital  or  essential  part; 
vigor,  strength. 

.Pit'i-ful,  a.  Full  of  pity,  ten- 
der-hearted. 

.Pittance,  n.  A meager  por- 
tion. 

.Pitfy,  n.  Compassion,  mercy, 
sympathy  with  the  grief  or 
misery  of  another. 

.Pla/cate,  v . To  appease,  pac- 
ify- 

.Place,  n.  Situation,  position, 
office,  locality,  function. 

.Pla'gia-rize,  v.  To  steal  from 
the  writings  of  another. 

.Plague,  n.  A calamity;  a pes 
tilence. 

.Plain,  a . Evident,  manifest, 
clear,  unmistakable. 

.Plain,  n.  A broad  stretch  of 
land  with  an  even  surface. 

.Plaintiff,  n.  One  who  com- 
mences a lawsuit. 

.Plan,  n . A scheme,  project,  de 
sign. 

.Plane,  n.  A surface  without 
curvature;  a tool  of  carpen- 
try. 

.Placet,  n.  A celestial  body 
which  revolves  about  the 
sun. 

, .plant,  n.  A vegetable;  appara- 
tus and  machinery  employed 
in  carrying  on  a trade  or  me- 
chanical business. 

, .Plastic,  a.  Capable  of  being 
molded  or  formed. 

..Plat,  n.  A small  piece  or  plot 
of  ground. 

..Plat  (plat),  v.  To  interweave 
the  strands  or  locks  of. 

. .Plat'i-tude,  n.  A flat  or  trite 
remark  or  thought. 

. .Plau/dit,  n.  Acclamation,  ap- 
plause. 

. .Play,  v.  To  frolic;  to  act  on  the 
stage. 

. .Plea?  n.  That  which  is  alleged 
in  support  of  a cause;  an  ur- 
gent entreaty. 


DRAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


53 


.Plead  (imp.  pleaded),  v.  To 
argue  in  support  or  in  defense. 

.Pleas'ant,  a.  Cheerful,  enliv- 
ening, agreeable. 

.Please*  v.  To  give  pleasure  to, 
to  make  glad. 

.Pleasure,  n.  Enjoyment,  sat- 
isfaction, comfort. 

.Ple-be'ian,  n.  One  of  the  com- 
mon people. 

.Pledge,  n.  Transfer  of  posses- 
sion of  personal  property  as 
security  for  debt?  a promise. 

.Plen'ti-ful,  a.  Copious,  abun- 
dant, ample. 

.Pli/ant,  a . Flexible,  limber, 

plastic. 

.Plod,  v . To  toil,  to  drudge;  to 
travel  slowly,  but  steadily. 

.Plot,  n.  A small  extent  of 
ground;  a conspiracy,  an  in- 
trigue. 

Plow,  v . To  turn  up,  break  up, 
or  trench  with  a plow. 

Pluck?  n.  Spirit,  courage,  res- 
olution. 

Pluck,  v . To  pluck;  to  strip  of 
feathers. 

.Plum,  n . An  edible  fruit  con- 
taining a stone  with  a kernel. 

Plumb,  a.  Perpendicular,  ver- 
tical. 

.Plunder,  v.  To  rob,  to  pil- 
lage. 

.Plunge,  v.  To  thrust  into  wa- 
ter or  any  penetrable  sub- 
stance. 

.Plural,  a.  Relating  to  or  con- 
taining more  than  one. 

.Plus,  a.  More;  required  to  be 
added. 

.Ply,  v.  To  urge,  to  press  upon; 
to  go  back  and  forth. 

.Pneu-matTc,  a . Moved  or 
worked  by  the  pressure  or 
flow  of  air. 

.Po'et-ry,  n.  Imaginative  lan- 
guage or  composition. 

.Poise,  v.  To  balance;  to  be  bal- 
anced or  suspended. 

.Pole,  n.  A long,  slender  piece 
of  wood. 

.Po-lice'man,  n . An  officer  of  a 
municipality. 

.PoFi-cy,  n.  Method,  system  of 
management;  wisdom,  pru- 
dence. 

.Po-lite^a.  Courteous,  obliging, 
genteel. 

.PoFi-tics,  n.  The  science  of 
government. 


..Poll,  n . A list  of  individuals; 

pi.  a place  where  votes  are 
cast. 

Pol-lute'.  v.  To  defile,  corrupt, 

debaucn. 

Po-lyg'a-my,  n.  The  having  of 

a plurality  of  wives  or  hus- 
bands at  the  same  time. 

Pomp,  n.  Show  of  magnifi- 
cence. 

Ponder,  v . To  weigh  in  the 

mind. 

Pon/der-ous,  a.  Heavy;  impor- 
tant. 

Pool,  n . A small  collection  of 

water;  a game;  an  aggregation 
of  properties  or  rights  be- 
longing to  different  persons. 

Poor,  a . Needy,  destitute  of 

property;  of  little  value. 

Pop'u-lace,  n.  The  common 

people. 

Popular,  a.  Beloved  or  ap- 
proved by  the  people. 

Pop-u-la'tion,  n . The  whole 

number  of  people  in  a country, 
State,  etc. 

Pore,  n.  An  orifice  in  a mem- 
brane for  transpiration,  ab- 
sorption, etc. 

Port,  n.  A wine;  a harbor,  a 

haven. 

Por-tend',  v.  To  foreshow,  to 

foretoken. 

Portion,  n.  Division,  share, 

quantity. 

Por-tray/,  v.  To  draw  the  like- 
ness of;  to  describe  in  words. 

Po-si'tion,  n.  Attitude,  condi- 
tion, situation. 

PosT-tive,  a . Real,  actual,  in- 
disputable; confident,  cer- 
tain. 

Pos-sess',  v.  To  have  and  to 

hold. 

..Pos'si-ble,  a.  Likely;  capable 

of  being  done. 

Post,  v.  To  carry,  as  an  ac- 
count, from  the  journal  to  the 
ledger. 

Pos-te'ri-or,  a.  Coming  after; 

situated  behind. 

Pos-terT-ty,  n.  Succeeding 

generations. 

Post'hu-mous,  a.  Born  after 

death  of  father;  published  aft- 
er death  of  author. 

Posting,  n.  The  act  of  trans- 
ferring an  account. 

Post-mor'tem,  a . After 

death. 


54 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Post-pone7,  v.  To  defer,  to  de- 
lay. 

Postscript,  n.  A paragraph 
added  to  a letter. 

Po7tent,  a.  Powerful,  mighty, 
strong. 

Pour,  v . To  cause  to  flow  in  a 
stream. 

Pow7er,  n.  Ability,  might,  in- 
fluence, dominion. 
,Prac7ti-ca-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  accomplished  with 
available  means  or  resources. 
.Prac7ti-cal,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing turned  to  use  or  ac- 
count. 

.Practice,  n.  Habitual  per- 
formance, custom,  usage. 
.PraPrie,  n.  An  extensive  tract 
of  level  or  rolling  land  desti- 
tute of  trees. 

.Praise,  v.  To  commend,  to  ap- 
plaud. 

.Prate,  v.  To  speak  foolishly, 
to  chatter. 

.Prayer,  n.  Earnest  request  or 
entreaty;  petition,  supplica- 
tion; suit. 

.Preacher,  n.  One  who  dis- 
courses publicly  on  religious 
subjects. 

.Pre7am-Me,  n.  An  introduc- 
tory portion. 

.Pre-cede7,  v.  To  go  before  in 
order  of  time. 

.Pre- ced7ent,  a . Preceding,  an- 
terior. 

.Precedent,  n . An  authorita- 
tive example. 

........ .Precinct,  n.  A district  within 

certain  boundaries. 

**.*.... Previous,  a.  Costly;  of  great 
value. 

a .... . .PrecT-pice,  n.  A very  steep 

place. 

Pre-cip7i-tate,  v.  To  cause  to 

happen  too  soon. 

Pre-cise7,  a . Definite,  exact, 

nice. 

Pred-e-ces7sor?  n.  One  who 

precedes  another  in  any  state, 
position,  etc. 

.Predicate,  v.  To  affirm  one 
thing  of  another. 

a....... Pre-diet7,  v.  To  foretell, 

prophesy. 

Pre-dom7i-nant,  a . Superior; 

prevailing. 

Prejudice,  n.  An  opinion  or 
judgment  formed  without  due 
examination. 


Pre-lim7i-na-ry,  a.  Introduo 

tory,  preparatory. 

Premise,  n . A piece  of  reaa 

estate;  a condition;  a suppo- 
sition. 

Pre-mise7,  v.  To  set  forth  as 

introductory  to  the  main  sub- 
ject. 

Pre7mi-um,  n.  Reward,  recom- 
pense; a sum  additional  to  the 
par  value  of  anything. 

Pre-pare7,  v.  To  fit,  adjust, 

qualify,  adapt,  equip. 

Pre-pon7der-ance,  n . Supe* 

riority  or  excess  of  weight, 
influence,  power,  etc. 

Pre-pos-ses^sion,  n . Prior  pos- 
session; bent,  bias,  etc. 

Pre-rog7a-tive,  n.  Privilege 

right. 

Pre7sage,  v.  To  foreknow,  to 

foretell. 

Pre-scribe7,  v.  To  appoint,  01  r 

der,  dictate,  ordain. 

.Pres7ent,  n.  The  present  timw* 

a gift. 

Pre- sent7,  v.  To  introduce;  to 

bestow. 

Pre-sen7ti-ment,  n.  Anticipa- 
tion of  evil. 

Pre-sent7ment,  n.  Notice  taken 

by  a grand  jury  of  any  offense j 
an  indictment. 

Pre- serve7,  v.  To  keep,  secure, 

uphold,  sustain. 

Pres7i-dent,  n.  Chief  officer  of 

a corporation,  institution,  etc. 

Pre-sume7,  v.  To  take  for 

granted;  to  infer. 

....... .Pre-tend7,  v.  To  make  a claim, 

truly  or  falsely. 

........  Pre -tension,  n.  The  act  of 

pretending. 

........  Pre-ten7tious,  a.  Disposed  to 

lay  claim  to  more  than  is  one’s 
due. 

Pre-vail7,  v.  To  overcome;  to 

be  in  force. 

.Pre-vent7,  v.  To  hinder,  to 

frustrate. 

.Prey  (pra),  n.  Booty,  plunder; 

that  which  is  or  may  be  seized 
by  animals  to  be  devoured. 

....... .Price,  n.  The  sum  at  which  a 

thing  is  valued. 

Pri7ma-ry,  a . Primitive,  origi- 
nal, first. 

Prin7ci-pal,  a . Chief,  main; 

highest  in  rank,  etc. 

.Prin7ci-ple,  n.  A fundamental 

truth;  a settled  rule  of  action. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


55 


....... .Private,  a.  Secret,  secluded; 

personal. 

.Priv7i-lege,  n.  Peculiar  benefit, 

advantage,  favor. 

..Prob7a-ble,  a.  Supported  by 

evidence;  likely. 

.Probe,  v.  To  search  to  the  bot- 
tom. 

Pro-ceed7,  v.  To  move,  pass, 

or  go  forward. 

Process,  n.  Course  of  pro- 
ceedings in  a suit;  a series  of 
actions,  motions,  or  occur- 
rences. 

Pro-claim7,  v.  To  make  known 

abroad. 

Pro-cure7,  v.  To  gain,  get;  to 

bring  about. 

Prod7uct,  n.  Anything  that  is 

produced. 

...Pro-fess7,  v.  To  make  open 

declaration  of. 

Pro-fi7cient,  a / Well-skilled, 

versed. 

Prof7it,  n.  Acquisition  beyond 

expenditure;  benefit,  gain. 

Programme,  n . Outline  of  or- 
der to  be  pursued. 

Pro-gress7,  v.  To  advance*,  to 

make  improvement. 

Progress,  n.  A going  forward 

or  onward,  an  advance. 

Pro-hib7it,  v . To  forbid;  to 

prevent. 

Prom7i-nent,  a . Conspicuous; 

eminent. 

. Promise,  v.  To  engage  to  do, 

give,  make,  or  to  refrain  from 
doing,  etc. 

»» •••.•* Prone,  a.  Inclined,  disposed; 
prostrate,  fiat. 

*,.••••  .Pro-nounce7,  v.  To  speak  out 
or  distinctly;  to  utter  official- 
ly or  solemnly. 

.**.*... Prop  a-gate,  v.  To  multiply, 
increase. 

, . • * • . .Prop7er-ty,  n.  That  to  which  a 
person  has  a legal  title. 

• •••«••  aPropli7e-cy,  n.  A foretelling,  a 

prediction. 

Pr oph7e-sy,  v . To  foretell,  pr o 
diet. 

• c . o » * • .Pro=pi7tieus,  a.  Favorable, 

kind. 

e o o o ^ « oPro-por7tlou,  n.  Relation  of 
one  portion  to  another;  sym- 
metry. 

ooo.a-*. Prop -o - si7tioM , n.  That  which 
is  proposed;  that  which  is  of 
fered  for  consideration^  ac- 
ceptance. or  adoption. 


........ Pro-pri7e-tor,  n . An  owner; 

one  having  the  legal  right  or 
exclusive  title  to  a thing. 

Pro-rate7,  v.  To  divide  or  dis- 
tribute proportionally. 

Pros7e-cute,  v.  To  follow  with 

a view  to  accomplishment;  to 
proceed  against  Judicially. 

Pros7pect,  n.  View,  scene,  out- 
look. 

Pros7per,  v.  To  succeed;  to 

make  gain. 

Pros7trate,  a.  Stretched  out, 

lying  in  a humble  or  suppliant 
posture. 

Pro-tec7tion,  n.  Preservation, 

defense,  safety,  security. 

Pro-test7,  v . To  declare  sol- 
emnly. 

....... .Protest,  n.  A declaration  in 

writing,  on  behalf  of  the 
holder  of  a bill  or  note,  pro- 
testing against  all  parties  lia* 
ble  for  damage  or  loss  by  the 
nonacceptance  or  nonpay- 
ment oi  the  bill  or  by  the 
nonpayment  of  the  note. 

Pro-tract7,  v.  To  delay,  to 

lengthen  in  time,  to  prolong. 

Proud,  a . Arrogant,  haughty, 

lordly. 

....... .Prove,  y.  To  try  or  to  ascertain 

by  experiment;  to  test,  con 
firm,  establish. 

....... .Pro-vide7,  v.  To  afford,  to  con 

tribute,  to  supply. 

.......  >Pro«vi7so,  n.  A conditional 

clause  in  a writing,  agree 
ment,  contract,  etc. 

...... , .Pro-voke7,  v.  To  call  forth;  to 

irritate,  excite,  anger. 

....... .Prox7i-mate,  a . Next,  nearest, 

immediate. 

Pru  dent,  a.  Cautious,  dis- 

creet. 

....... .Pseu'do-nym,  n.  A fictitious 

name. 

. . . c . . ePsy-cliol7©-gy,  n.  The  science 
of  the  human  soul. 

.........  Pufe'lic,  n.  The  general  body 

of  mankind. 

....... .Publish,  v . To  make  known, 

to  print  and  issue. 

o6uoeo..Pul7ver«ize,  v.  To  reduce  to 
powder  or  dust. 

. . o c . o . . Pune-tu-a7tion,  n . The  art  oi 
dividing  literary  matter  into 
sentences,  etc.,  "by  means  of 
punctuative  points. 

« , , . * o c . c Puuc7ture,  To  pierce  wi fch  & 

small,  pointed  instrument 


66 


dkaughon’s  practical  speller. 


.......  .Punish,  v . To  correct,  to  dis- 
cipline; to  inflict  a penalty 
upon  an  offender. 

Pu'pil,  n.  A learner;  one  un- 
der the  care  of  an  instructor. 

- ....... Purchase,  v.  To  obtain  by 

any  outlay. 

.......  .Pu'ri-ty,  n.  Innocence,  chas- 
tity; cleanness. 

Q 

Quaff 9 v.  To  drink  with  relish; 

to  swallow  in  large  draughts. 

........Quail,  v . To  cower,  flinch, 

shrink. 

Quail,  n . A bobwhite,  a par- 
tridge. 

Quaint,  a . Curious,  odd,  sin- 
gular. 

*  Qu  ake , v.  To  shudder,  to  trem- 

ble. 

Qual-i-fl-ca^ion,  n.  An  ena- 
bling quality  or  circumstance; 
modification,  restriction. 

QuaFi-fy,  v.  To  fit,  equip,  pre- 
pare; to  modify,  soften,  re- 
strict. 

*  QuaFi-ty,  n.  Property,  attri- 

bute, peculiarity,  character. 

........ Qualm,  n . A scruple  of  con- 
science. 

*  QuaiFti-ty,w.  Measure,  amount, 

bulk,  extent,  size. 

Quar  an-tine,  v.  To  compel  to 

remain  at  a distance  when 
suspected  of  haying  conta- 
gious disease. 

Quarrel,  n . Brawl,  squabble, 

affray,  dispute. 

*  QuarVy,  n . Object  of  the  chase; 

a pit  whence  stone  is  taken. 

Quarter,  v.  To  divide  into 

four  equal  parts;  to  have  a 
temporary  residence. 

^ . Qnar-tet',  n.  A musical  compo- 
sition in  four  parts;  the  four 
persons  who  execute  such 
composition. 

Quash,  v . To  abate,  annul, 

overthrow. 

*  Qua'si,  adv.  As  if,  as  though, 

as  it  were. 

Quaker*  v.  To  tremble,  to  vi- 
brate/ 

.. Quay  (ke),  n.  A bank  or  wharf 

formed  toward  the  sea  or  at 
the  side  of  a harbor,  river,  etc, 
.Queen,  n . Wife  of  a king;  a 
woman  sovereign  of  a king- 
dom. 


.Purpose,  n.  View,  aim,  de. 
sign. 

.Pur-sue',  v . To  follow,  seek, 
persist;  to  be  engaged  in;  to 
persecute. 

Puzzle,  v . To  perplex,  to  con- 
fuse. 

Pyg'my,  n.  A dwarf;  an  insig- 
nificant person. 


Queenly,  a.  Becoming,  or  like, 

a queen. 

Queer,  a . Mysterious,  suspi- 
cious, odd,  singular. 

Quell,  v.  To  overpower,  to 
subdue,  to  put  down. 

Quench,  v.  To  extinguish,  still, 

cool,  check. 

Querist,  n.  One  who  ask» 

questions. 

Quer'u-lous,  a.  Murmuring, 

whining,  complaining. 

Que'ry,  n.  A question,  an  in 

quiry. 

Quest,  n . Search,  pursuit;  at* 

tempt  to  find  or  obtain. 

Question,  n.  Act  of  asking; 

discussion,  debate;  objection, 
dispute. 

Ques'tion-a-ble,  a.  Subject  tc 

be  doubted,  debatable,  uncer 
tain. 

Queue  (ku),  n.  A tail-like  ap 

pend  age  of  hair. 

QuitFble,  v.  To  cavil,  equiva 

cate,  trifle. 

Quick,  a . Alive,  living;  speedy, 

hasty,  swift. 

Quicken,  v.  To  make  alive;  to 

stimulate,  to  impart  energy  to. 

Quick'-wit-ted,  a . Having 

ready  wit. 

Quid,  n.  A portion  suitable  to 

be  chewed. 

Quidnunc,  n.  One  who  is  cu- 
rious to  know  everything  that 
passes. 

..Qui-es'cent,  a . Quiet,  dormant, 

resting. 

/et,  a.  Still,  calm,  unruffled, 

mild,  peaceful. 

Qni  -e'tus,,  n.  Final  discharge 

or  acquittance. 

Quill,  n.  One  of  the  large 

feathers  of  a bird’s  wing. 

Quilt,  n.  A bed  cover  or  a gai> 

ment  made  by  quilting. 

...... .QuFnine  (kwFnln),  n.  A medF 

cine. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


57 


.Quinsy,  n.  An  inflammation 
of  the  throat. 

.Quin-tes'sence,  n.  An  extract 
from  anything  containing  its 
subtlest  and  most  essential 
constituent  in  small  quanti- 
ty. 

.Quin-tet',  n.  A musical  compo- 
sition for  five  persons;  the  set 
of  five  persons  who  sing  or 
play  such  composition. 

.Quip,  n.  A sharp,  sarcastic 
turn  or  jest. 

.Quire,  n.  Twenty-four  sheets 
of  paper. 

.Quirk,  n.  A sudden  turn;  an 
evasion  or  subterfuge. 

Quit,  v . To  absolve,  to  acquit; 
to  have  done  with,  to  cease 
from,  to  stop. 

Quitclaim,  n . A release  or  re- 
linquishment of  a claim. 

Quite,  adv.  Completely,  wholly, 
entirely. 

Quiy'er,  v.  To  shudder,  to 
shiver. 

Qui  vive/  (ke  v^v7).  To  be  on 
the  qui  vive:  To  be  on  the 
alert,  to  be  watchful. 


Rab'bi,  n.  Master,  lord,  teach- 
er. 

*  Rabble,  n.  A tumultuous 

crowd;  a confused  discourse. 

Rab'id,  a.  Furious,  violent ; u n- 

reasonable  or  fanatical  in 
opinion. 

Race,  n.  Descendants  of  a 

common  ancestor;  career, 
course  of  life;  contest  of 
speed. 

*  . .Rack,  n.  An  engine  of  torture; 

a fast  walk. 

Ra'cy,  a . Tasting  of  the  soil; 

fresh  and  lively. 

Ra'di-ance,  n.  Brilliancy, 
splendor,  glitter. 

Ra/di-ate,  v.  To  proceed  in  di- 
rect lines  from  a point  or  sur- 
face. 

.Radical,  a.  Original,  funda- 
mental; unsparing,  extreme. 

* Raffle,  n . A kind  of  lot- 

tery. 

*»•••...  Raft,  n.  A collection  of  logs  for 
conveyance  on  the  water. 
«»«•••  ..Rag,  n . A tattered  piece  of 
cloth. 

**«...  ..Rage,  v.  To  be  furious  with 
anger;  to  ravage. 


Quix-ot'ic,  a . Romantic  to  ex- 
travagance. 

Quiz,  n.  A riddle  or  obscure 
uestion;  an  exercise  con- 
ucted  as  a coaching  or  as  an 
examination. 

.Quondam,  a.  Having  been 
formerly;  former. 

.Quo'rum,  n.  Such  number  of 
officers  or  members  of  a body 
as  are  competent  to  transact 
business. 

, Quo'ta,  n.  A proportional  part 
or  share. 

Quote,  v . To  cite;  to  name  as 
authority  for  a statement;  to 
name  current  price  of. 

Quoth,  v.  Said,  spoke,  uttered 
(used  only  in  the  first  and  third 
persons  in  the  past  tenses,  and 
always  followed  by  its  nomi- 
native). 

Quotient,  n.  Number  result- 
ing from  the  division  of  one 
number  by  another. 

Quo  war-ran'to,  n.  A writ  to 
inquire  by  what  warrant  a 
person  or  a corporation  exer- 
cises certain  powers. 


Raid,  n.  An  invasion  for  the 

purpose  of  making ' arrests, 
seizing  property,  etc. 

Rail,  n . A bar  of  timber  or 

metal. 

RaiFler-y,  n.  Banter,  jesting 

language. 

RaiFroad, ) n . A road  consist- 

>•  ing  of  parallel  iron 

RaiFway,  j or  steel  rails,  with 

all  its  rolling  stock,  lands, 
etc. 

RaFment,  n.  Clothing,  gar- 

ments. 

Rain,  n.  Water  falling  in 

drops  from  the  clouds. 

Raise,  v.  To  cause  to  rise;  to 

heighten,  to  elevate;  to  cause 
to  grow. 

. . . » . . . .RaFsin,  n.  A grape  dried  bj 
the  sun  or  artificially. 

Rake,  n.  A toothed  implement 

for  collecting  hay,  etc. ; a dis- 
orderly,  vicious  man. 

RaFly,  v.  To  gather  again,  to 

reunite;  to  recuperate;  to  re- 
cover strength  after  decline  in 
prices. 

...... .Ram,  n.  'The  male  of  the  sheep: 

an  engine  of  warfare. 


yb. 


58 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Ramble*  v.  To  rove,  to  wan- 
der. 

...Ram7i-fy,  v . To  divide  into 

branches  or  subdivisions. 

Rampant,  a . Leaping,  spring- 
ing, rearing  upon  the  hind 
legs;  raging,  furious. 

Ram7part,  n.  That  which  se- 
cures safety. 

Rancid,  a.  Having  a rank 

smell  or  taste,  musty. 

Rancor,  n.  Malignity,  spite, 

ill  will. 

Random,  n.  A roving  motion; 

want  of  direction,  rule,  or 
method. 

«... Range,  v.  To  set  in  a row;  to 

rove  over  or  through. 

....... .Rank,  a.  Of  vigorous  growth; 

violent,  extreme;  musty. 

Rank,  n.  Grade  or  standing; 

distinction;  permanent  social 
class. 

Ran  sack,  v.  To  search  thor- 
oughly. 

Random,  n.  Price  paid  for  the 

release  of  one  in  captivity;  re- 
demption. 

Rant,  v.  To  rave  in  extrav- 
agant language. 

Rap,  v . To  knock;  to  strike 

with  a quick,  sharp  blow. 

Ra-pa7eious,  a.  Avaricious, 

grasping. 

Rape,  n.  Act  of  seizing  and 

carrying  away  by  force;  forci- 
ble sexual  intercourse. 

.RapTd,  a.  V ery  swift  or  quick; 

quick  in  execution. 

o . « . , . . .Rapt,  a.  Transported  with  de- 
light, etc. 

Rapture,  n.  Ecstasy,  extreme 

joy  or  pleasure. 

Rare,  a.  Scarce,  infrequent, 
unusual,  extraordinary. 

.Rar/e-fy,  v.  To  make  thin,  por- 
ous, or  less  dense. 

Rascal,  n . A scoundrel,  a 

trickster. 

....... .Rash,  a . Overhasty,  precipi- 

ta  ce. 

...Rasp,  v . To  offend  by  coarse 

or  rough  treatment  or  lan- 
guage. 

3oee....Rat/a-Me,  a.  Liable  to  taxa- 
tion; capable  of  being  rated. 

late,  n,  Valuation,  charge; 

degree,  standard,  ratio,  pro- 
portion. 

,0000... Rather,  adv.  Preferably;  on 
the  other  hand. 


Rat7i-fy,  v.  To  approve,  sanc- 
tion; to  make  valid. 

Ra7ti-o,  n.  Relation  which  one 
quantity  has  to  another  of  the 
same  kind. 

Ration,  n.  An  allowance,  an 
allotment. 

.Ra'tion-al,  a.  Endowed  with 
reason;  wise,  judicious. 

.Rat-tan7,  n.  A slender,  flexible 
stem  of  a palm. 

.Rav/age,  v.  To  despoil,  pillage, 
plunder. 

.Rave,  v . To  wander  in  mind; 
to  talk  with  unreasonable  en- 
thusiasm. 

.Rav7el,  v.  To  untwist,  to  dis- 
entangle. 

.Rav7en-ous,  a.  Eager  for  prey 
or  gratification. 

.Ra-vine7,  n.  A gorge,  a deep 
and  narrow  hollow. 

.Rav7ish,  v.  To  transport,  en- 
trance; to  violate,  deflour. 

.Raw,  a . Unripe,  unseasoned; 
inexperienced,  untried. 

.Ray,  n.  One  of  a number  of 
lines  diverging  from  a com- 
mon center. 

.Raze,  v . To  lay  level  with  the 
ground. 

.Ra7zor,  n.  A keen-edged  knife 
used  in  shaving  the  hair  from 
the  face. 

.Re°ac7tion,  n.  Reverse  action; 
movement  in  a contrary  direc- 
tion. 

.Road,  v . To  peruse;  to  com* 
prehend. 

,Ee-ad-just79  v.  To  adjust  or 
settle  again. 

.Read7y9  a.  Prepared,  prompt, 
dexterous,  apt,  skillful, 

.Re7ai,  a.  True,  genuine;  not 
fictitious  or  imaginary. 

.Re-aFi-ty,  n . That  which  is 
real;  fact. 

.Re7al-ize,  v.  To  effectuate,  to 
accomplish;  to  get,  to  gain. 

.Realm,  n.  Province,  region, 
country. 

.Re7al4y,  n.  Real  estate,  a piece 
of  real  property. 

.Reap,  v.  To  gather  a harvest; 
to  obtain. 

.Rear,  a . Hindmost;  being  be- 
hind, or  last  in  order. 

..Rear,  v.  To  lift  lip,  to  erect; 
to  bring  to  maturity. 

, .Rea7son,  n.  Motive,  argument? 
ground;  object,  purpose. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


59 


Rea7son-a-ble,  a . Rational, 

just,  fair,  moderate. 

....... .Re-bate7,  v.  To  deduct  from, 

to  make  a discount  from. 

Reb7el,  n.  A revolter,  an  in- 
surgent. 

........  Re-bel7,  v.  To  be  disobedient 

to  authority,  to  revolt. 

Re-buke7,  v.  To  check  or  si- 
lence with  reproof. 

Re-but7,v.  To  contradict,  meet, 

or  oppose  by  argument,  etc. 

Re-cant7,  v.  To  retract,  recall, 

revoke. 

Re-ca-pit7n-late,  v.  To  relate 

in  brief;  to  summarize. 

*  Re-cap7ture,  n.  The  act  of  re- 

taking or  recovering  by  cap- 
ture. 

....... .Re-cede7,  v.  To  retire,  retreat, 

withdraw. 

Re-ceipt7,  n.  An  acknowledg- 
ment of  money  paid  or  goods 
delivered.  < 

Re-ceiv7er,  n.  One  appointed 

to  receive  and  hold  in  trust 
money  or  other  property 
pending  litigation  or  settle- 
ment. 

*  ..Re7cent,  a.  Fresh,  new,  mod- 

ern. 

Re-cep7ta-cle,  n.  That  which 

is  used  for  receiving  and  con- 
taining something. 

Re-cep7tion,  n.  The  act  or 

manner  of  receiving. 

, Re-cess7,  n.  Retreat;  suspen- 

sion of  business,  court,  legis- 
lative body,  or  school;  an  al- 
cove, a niche. 

«*«....  .Rec7i-pe,  n . A prescription  for 
making  some  combination, 
mixture,  or  preparation  of 
material. 

Re-cip7i-ent,  n.  A receiver; 

one  to  whom  something  is 
given  or  communicated. 

Re-cip7ro-cal,  a . Given  and 

received. 

...... .Re-cit7al,  n.  Narration,  de- 
scription, explanation,  enu- 
meration. 

.........  Reck7©!!,  v.  To  count,  com- 

pute, estimate,  value,  esteem. 

Re -claim7,  v.  To  call  back;  to 

reform,  restore,  correct. 

• „ ...  .Re -cline7,  v.  To  assume  a re- 

cumbent position, 

• Re-clnse7,  n.  A person  who 

lives  in  seclusion  from  the 
world. 


Rec7og-nize,  v.  To  know  again; 

to  acknowledge,  avow,  con- 
fess. 

Re-coil7,  v.  To  draw  back,  to 

shrink. 

Rec-ol-lect7,  v.  To  remember; 

to  recover  self-command. 

Rec-om-mend7,  v.  To  commend 

to  the  favorable  notice  of. 

.Rec7om-pense,  v.  To  repay,  re- 
quite, compensate. 

........ Rec7on-cile,  v.  To  restore  to 

friendship;  to  make  consistent. 

Rec-on-noi7ter,  v.  To  make 

preliminary  examination  or 
survey  of. 

, „ „ . . .Re-cord7,  v.  To  write  or  enter 
in  a book  for  the  purpose  of 
preserving  authentic  evidence 
of. 

Rec7ord,  n.  A writing  by  which 

acts  or  events  are  recorded; 
the  known  facts  in  the  course 
of  anything,  as  in  the  life  of  a 
public  man. 

Re-cov7er,  v.  To  cover  again; 

to  put  a new  cover  on. 

Re-cov7er,  v.  To  get  or  obtain 

again;  to  obtain  a judgment; 
to  regain  health. 

Rec7re-aiit,  a . False,  unfaith- 
ful. 

Re-cre-ate7,  v.  To  create  or 

form  anew. 

Rec7re-ate,  v.  To  cheer,  to  di- 
vert, to  amuse. 

Re-criui-i-na7tion,  n.  Accusa- 
tion by  the  accused  against 
the  accuser. 

Re-cruit7.  v.  To  renew  in 

strength  or  health;  to  supply 
with  new  men. 

Rec7ti-fy,  v.  To  make  or  set 

right.  * 

Rec7ti-tude,  n.  Uprightness, 

integrity,  honesty. 

Re-cum7bent,  a.  Leaning,  re- 
clining. 

Re-cu7per-ate?  v.  To  recover 

health,  regain  strength. 

Re-cur7,  v.  To  return  again  or 

repeatedly;  to  occur  at  a stated 
interval. 

Re«dac7tor,  n.  One  who  pre- 
pares matter  for  publication. 

. * Re-deeni7,  v.  To  repurchase; 

to  ransom,  liberate,  or  rescue. 

.Red7o*!ent,  a.  Scented,  oaor- 

G7c\ 

....... .Re-doimd7,  v.  To  flow  back  as 

a consequence  or  effect. 


60 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Re- dress7,  v.  To  make  amends 
or  compensation. 

Re-duce7,  v . To  bring  to  an  in- 
ferior state;  to  humble;  to  di- 
minish, to  lower. 

tRe-dun7dance,  n.  Superfluity, 
excess,  surplusage. 

.Reed,  n.  A tall,  slender  grass, 
or  grasslike  plant. 

.Reek,  v.  To  emit  vapor;  to 
steam,  to  smoke. 

.Reel,  n.  A spool,  turning  on 
an  axis,  for  winding  thread, 
etc. 

.Reel,  v.  To  stagger;  to  be 
giddy. 

.Re-en-force7,  v.  To  strengthen 
with  new  force. 

.Re-fer7,  v.  To  allude,  advert, 
suggest,  appeal. 

.Ref-er-en7dum,  n.  The  right  to 
approve  or  reject  by  popular 
vote  a measure  passed  upon 
by  a legislative  body. 

.Re-fine7,  v.  To  purify,  polish; 
to  ennoble. 

.Re-fined7,  a . Cultured,  deli- 
cate. 

.Re-flect7,  v.  To  throw  back,  to 
mirror;  to  consider,  meditate; 
to  cast  reproach. 

.Re-fiec7tion,  n . Return  of  rays, 
beams,  etc.;  meditation,  con- 
templation; censure. 

.Re7flex,  a.  Produced  in  reac- 
tion. 

.Re-form7,  v.  To  give  a new 
form  to,  to  form  anew. 

.Re-form7,  v.  To  amend,  cor- 
rect, rectify. 

.Re-form7er,  n.  One  who  effects 
a reformation;  one  who  urges 
reform. 

.Re-frac7to-ry,  a . Stubborn,  un- 
manageable. 

. Re -f  rain7,  v . To  abstain,  to 
forbear. 

.Re-frain7,  n.  The  burden  of  a 

song. 

..Re-fresh7,  v.  To  cool,  invigo- 
rate, revive. 

, .Re-frig7er-a-tor,  n.  An  appa- 
ratus for  cooling  liquids,  etc. 

. .Ref7nge,  n.  Shelter  or  protec- 
tion from  danger  or  distress. 

. .Re-ful7gent,  a . Radiant,  bril- 
liant. 

. .Re-fund7,  v.  To  fund  again;  to 
repay,  to  restore. 

. .Re-fuse7,  v.  To  decline  to  do 
or  grant;  to  reject. 


Ref 7nse,  n.  Waste  or  worthies! 

matter. 

....... Re-fute7,  v.  To  disprove,  to 

prove  to  be  false. 

Re7gal,  a.  Pertaining  to  a king; 

kingly,  royal. 

.......  Re-gale7,  v.  To  entertain,  grat- 
ify, refresh. 

Re-gard7,  v . To  view;  to  care 

for,  to  esteem. 

Re-gen7er-ate,  v.  To  give  new 

life,  strength,  or  vigor  to;  to 
convert  from  sin  to  holiness. 

Regime7  (rd-zhem7),  n.  Char- 
acter of  government  or  of  the 
prevailing  social  system. 

Reg7i-men,  n.  Orderly  govern 

ment;  a course  of  diet. 

Reg7i-ment,  n.  A body  of  men, 

either  horse,  foot,  or  artillery, 
commanded  by  a colonel,  and 
composed,  usually,  of  ten 
companies. 

Re7gion,  n.  Province,  district, 

tract. 

.Reg7is-ter,  n.  A written  ac* 

count  or  entry;  one  who  reg 
isters  or  records. 

Reg7is-trar,  n.  A keeper  ot 

records. 

.......  .Reg7naiit,  a . Ruling,  predom 

inant. 

Re-gret7,  n . Concern,  grief,  re 

pentance. 

Reg7u-lar,  a . Conformed  to  s 

rule;  orderly,  methodical. 

Reg7u-late,  v.  To  adjust,  dis- 
pose, direct,  govern. 

Re-lia-MFi-tate,  v.  To  restore 

to  a former  capacity. 

Re-hearse7,  v.  To  recite,  de* 

tail,  describe,  relate. 

Reign,  v.  To  rule,  govern,  pre- 
vail. 

Re-im-burse7,  v.  To  pay  back 

to,  to  indemnify. 

Rein,  v.  To  restrain,  control; 

to  govern  or  direct  with  reins. 

Re-in-state7,  v.  To  restore  to 
a state  from  which  one  had 
been  removed. 

........ Re-it7er-ate,  v.  To  repeat 

again  and  again. 

Re-ject7,  v . To  repel,  refuse, 

renounce,  discard. 

Re-joice7,  v.  To  delight,  exult, 
triumph. 

Re-join7,  v.  To  join  again;  to 
state  in  reply. 

Re-join7der,  n.  IT  My,  ans1  >er. 
replication.  r 


61 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


,...Re-ju7ve-nate,  v.  To  make 
young  again. 

, , . .Re-lapse7,  n.  A sliding  or  fall- 
ing oack. 

Re-late7,  v.  To  tell,  recite;  to 

pertain,  refer. 

i . . . Rel7a-tiye , n.  A person  connect- 
ed by  blood  or  affinity;  a word 
which  relates  to  another  word, 

, . . .Re-lax7,  v . To  slacken,  loosen; 
to  abate,  mitigate. 

, . . .Re-lease7,  v.  To  free,  liberate, 
loose. 

, . . .Re-lent7,  v.  To  become  less  se- 
vere. 

. . .Rel7e-vant,  a.  Pertinent,  ap- 
plicable. 

. . .Re-li7a-ble,  a.  Trustworthy, 
worthy  oi  dependence  or  reli- 
ance. 

. . .Rel7ic,  n.  A remaining  portion; 
a memorial. 

...Rel7ict,  n.  A woman  whose 
husband  is  dead. 

. . . Re-lie  ve7,  v.  To  alleviate,  help, 
remedy,  free. 

. . .Re-li7gious,  a . Pious,  godly, 
devout. 

...Re-lin7quish,  v.  To  quit,  for- 
sake, abandon. 

• . .Rel7ish,  v.  To  taste  or  eat  with 
pleasure. 

• . .Re-luc7tant,  a . Averse,  un- 
willing, disinclined. 

...Re-ly7,  v . To  trust,  depend, 
confide. 

. . .Re-main7,  v.  To  stay,  continue, 
tarry. 

. . .Re-main7der-man,  n.  One  who 
has  an  estate  after  a particu- 
lar estate  is  determined. 

. . .Re-mand7,  v.  To  recommit;  to 
send  back. 

...Re-mark7,  n.  Observation, 
note,  comment. 

. . .Re-mark7a-Me,  a . Extraordi- 
nary, uncommon. 

. ..Rem7e-dy,  n.  A corrective,  a 
cure. 

...Re-mem^rance,  n.  Power  of 
remembering;  recollection. 

. . .Re-mind7er,  n.  That  which 
serves  to  awaken  remem- 
brance. 

. . . Rem-i-nis<cence,  n . A recollec- 
tion, memory. 

...Re-miss7,  a.  Negligent,  care- 
less. 

. . .Re-mis7sion,  n.  Discharge  from 
that  which  is  due;  pardon  of 
transgression. 


. . . .Re-mit7?  v.  To  pardon;  to  make 
a remittance. 

. . . .Re-mit7tance,  n.  Money  trans- 
mitted in  payment  of  a debt. 

. . . .Rem7nant,  n.  Residue,  re- 
mainder; a fragment. 

. . . .Re-mon7strate,  v.  To  urge  rea- 
sons in  opposition  to. 

....Re-morse7,  n.  Regret,  grief; 
compunction. 

Re-mote7,  a.  Distant;  not 

agreeing. 

Re-mu7ner-ate,  v.  To  reward, 

compensate,  satisfy. 

. . . .Ren7der,  v . To  restore;  to  fur- 
nish, state,  deliver.  _ 

. . . .Ren7dez-vous  (rgn7dg-voo),  n.  A 
customary  place  of  meeting. 

....Re-new7,  v.  To  give  new  life 
to;  to  make  again,  as  a note. 

. . . .Re-nounce7,  v.  To  cast  off,  dis- 
own, disclaim,  forsake. 

Re-nown7,  n.  Fame,  celebrity, 

exalted  reputation. 

. . . .Rent,  n.  Compensation  for  the 
use  of  lands,  houses,  certain 
personal  chattels,  etc. 

....Re-pair7,  v.  To  betake  one’s 
self;  to  mend,  restore,  recover, 
renew. 

. ...Rep7a-ra-ble,  a.  Restorable; 
capable  of  being  repaired. 

. . . .Rep-a-ra7tion,  n.  Restoration, 
restitution. 

. . . .Rep-ar-tee7,  n.  Ready,  witty 
reply. 

....Re-peal7,  v.  To  abolish,  re- 
voke, annul. 

, . . .Re-pel7,  v . To  resist,  oppose, 
repulse. 

— Re-pent7,  v.  To  regret  what 
one  has  done  or  omitted  to  do. 

, . . .Re-pine7,  v . To  murmur,  com- 
plain. 

...  Re-plen7ish,  v.  To  stock  anew; 
to  cause  to  abound. 

. . ,Re-plev7in,  n.  A personal  ac 
tion  to  recover  goods  and 
chattels  wrongfully  taken  or 
detained. 

. . .Re-port7er,  n.  A gatherer  oi 
pews;  one  who  makes  author- 
ized statements  of  law  pro- 
ceedings and  decisions. 

...Re-pose7,  v.  To  lie  at  rest;  to 
intrust. 

...Rep-re-hen7si-ble,  a . Blama- 
bie,  censurable. 

. . . Rep-re-sent7,  v.  To  exhibit  the 
counterpart  or  image  of;  to 
stand  in  the  place  of. 


62 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


•  Rep-re-sent7a-tive,  n.  One 

who,  or  that  which,  repre- 
sents anything;  an  agent, 
deputy,  or  substitute. 

Re-press7,  v . To  crush,  subdue; 

to  restrain,  curb. 

•  Re-prieve7,  v.  To  suspend  the 

execution  of  sentence  on. 

Rep7ri-mand,  n.  Severe  re- 
proof. 

Re-proach7,  v.  To  upbraid, 

censure,  blame. 

U Rep7ro-bate,  n.  One  morally 

abandoned. 

Re-prove7,  v.  To  rebuke,  to 

scold. 

Re»pub7lie,  n.  A common- 
wealth. 

Re-pu7di-ate,  v.  To  reject;  to 

put  away,  discard,  divorce; 
to  disclaim. 

Re-pug7nant,  a.  Adverse,  con- 
trary. 

Re-puFsive,  a.  Cold,  forbid- 
ding, offensive. 

Rep-u4a7tion,  n.  Estimation 

in  which  one  is  held. 

Re-quest7,  n.  Solicitation, 

prayer,  entreaty. 

Re-quire',  v.  To  claim,  exact, 

enjoin,  order,  direct;  to  need. 

Requi-site,  n.  Something  in- 
dispensable. 

Eeq-ui-sFtion,  n.  Formal  de- 
mand by  one  government 
upon  another  for  the  surren- 
der of  a fugitive  from  jus- 
tice. 

Re-quite7,  v.  To  repay,  reward; 

to  punish,  revenge. 

Re-scind7,  v.  To  revoke,  va- 
cate, make  void. 

Res7cue,  v.  To  free,  deliver, 

release,  save. 

Re-search7,  n.  Investigation, 

examination. 

Re-sem7blance,  n.  Likeness, 

similarity. 

Re-sent7,  v.  To  express  or  ex- 
hibit displeasure  at. 

Re-serve7,  v.  To  keep  back,  to 

retain. 

*  Re-served7,  a.  Kept  for  future 

or  special  use;  not  free  or 
frank. 

*  Re-side7,  v.  To  dwell,  sojourn, 

abide,  remain. 

Res7i-due,  n.  Remainder,  bal- 
ance, leavings. 

Re-sign7ri;.  To  relinquish,  sur- 
render, quit,  forsake. 


Re-sist7,  v.  To  withstand,  op 

pose,  hinder. 

Res7o-lute,  a.  Steadfast,  con 

stant,  persevering. 

Res-o-lu7tion,  n.  That  which 

is  resolved  or  determined;  set? 
tied  purpose,  determination. 

Re-solve7,  v . To  declare  or  de 

cide  by  a formal  vote;  to  de- 
termine. 

Re-sort7,  n.  A refuge;  a haunt; 

a place  of  frequent  assembly. 

Re-source7,  n.  Expedient,  con- 
trivance;^. pecuniary  means, 
funds. 

Re-spect7,  n.  Esteem,  regard- 

relation,  reference. 

Re-spec7tive,  a.  Relating  t» 

particular  persons  or  things. 

Res7pite,  n.  rostponement,  de 

lay,  reprieve. 

Re-spond7,  v.  To  answer,  re 

join. 

Re-spoud7ent,  n.  One  who  an 

swers  in  certain  suits  or  pro 
ceedings. 

Re-spoiFsi-ble,  a.  Accounta 
ble,  answerable. 

Rest,  v.  To  desist  from  labor  oi 

exertion;  to  trust,  to  rely. 

Ees-ti-tu7tiou,  n.  The  act  at 

restoring  to  rightful  owner. 

Re-store7,  v.  To  return,  ro 

place,  reestablish,  refund,  r(* 
pair. 

Re -strain7,  v . To  check,  to 

hinder. 

Re -strict7,  v.  To  limit,  curbt 

restrain. 

Re-sult7,  n.  Effect,  conse* 

cjuence. 

Re-su-me7,  n.  A summing  up; 

a condensed  statement. 

Re-sume7,  v.  To  enter  upon  or 

take  up  again;  to  begin  again. 

Re-sus7ci-tate,  v.  io  restore 

from  apparent  death. 

Re-taiF,  v.  To  sell  in  small 

quantities. 

Re-tam7,  v.  To  keep  in  posses 

sion;  to  hold. 

Re4aFi-ate,  v.  To  return  like 

for  like. 

...o....Re-tard7,  v.  To  impede,  hin- 
der, obstruct. 

Ret7i-cent,  a.  Inclined  to  keep 

silent. 

Re- tire7,  v.  To  withdraw;  to 

take  up  and  pay. 

Re- tort7,  n.  A quick  and  wit^ 

or  severe  response. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


63 


•Re-tract7,  v.  To  take  back 
what  has  been  said. 

.Re-treat7,  v.  To  withdraw;  to 
retire  from  a position  or 
place. 

.Re-trieve7,  v.  To  find  again; 
to  repair,  restore. 

.Ret'ro-grade,  a . Having  a 
backward  course. 

.Ret7ro-spect,  n . Contempla- 

tion of  the  past. 

.Re-turn7,  v.  To  come  back;  to 
bring  or  send  back;  to  restore, 
repay. 

.Re-veal7,  v.  To  communicate; 
to  disclose. 

,Rev7el,  n.  Riotous  festivity  or 
merrymaking. 

Re-venge7,  n.  Vengeance,  re- 
taliation. 

,Rev7e-nue,  n.  The  return  from 
an  investment;  taxes,  duties 
received  by  a State,  munici- 
pality, etc. 

,Re-vere7,  v.  To  venerate, 
adore,  reverence. 

.Re-verse7,  a.  Turned  back- 
ward; having  a contrary  or 
opposite  direction. 

, Re-vert/,  v.  To  come  back;  to 
reverberate. 

Re-view7,  n.  Reexamination, 
survey,  revisal. 

Re-vise7,  v.  To  review,  alter, 
and  amend. 

, Re-vive7,  v.  To  restore ; to  raise 
from  depression  or  discour- 
agement. 

Re-voke7,  v.  To  abolish,  recall, 
repeal. 

Re  - volt7,  v . To  turn  away  with 
abhorrence. 

Re-ward7,  n . Compensation, 
remuneration. 

Rhet7o-ric,  n.  The  art  of  speak- 
ing with  propriety,  elegance, 
and  force. 

Rhi-noc7e-ros,  n.  A large, 
powerful,  horned  animal. 

,Rhu7barb,  n.  An  herb— the  pie- 
plant. 

.Rhythm,  n.  Movement  in  mu- 
sical time. 

.Rich,  a.  Wealthy;  abundant; 
productive  or  fertile. 

.Rid7dle,  n . A puzzling  ques- 
tion. 

Rid7i-cule,  n.  Banter,  sarcasm, 
mockery. 

,Ri-dic7u-lous,  a.  Laughably, 
droll,  absurd. 


Right,  a.  Lawful;  true,  correct; 
proper,  fit. 

,Right7eous,  a.  Upright,  just, 
virtuous. 

,Rig7id,  a.  Firm,  stiff;  severe, 
strict. 

Rinse,  v.  To  wash  lightly;  to 
cleanse  with  repeated  applica- 
tion of  water. 

,Ri7ot,  n.  Revelry;  disturbance 
of  the  public  peace  by  an  un- 
lawful assembly. 

Ripe,  a . Mature;  complete,  fin- 
ished. 

Rite,  n.  Form,  ceremony,  ordi- 
nance. 

Ri7val,  n.  Competitor,  antago- 
nist. 

Roam,  v . To  rove,  to  wander; 
to  go  from  place  to  place  with- 
out purpose  or  direction. 

Roast,  v.  To  cook  by  heat;  to 
ridicule. 

Rob,  v.  To  deprive  of;  to  de- 
fraud; to  steal  from. 

,Ro-bust7,  a.  Strong,  muscular, 
vigorous. 

Roe,  n.  The  female  of  any 
species  of  deer. 

Role,  n.  A part  or  function  as- 
sumed by  any  one. 

Roll,  n.  That  which  is  rolled 
up;  a scroll. 

Ro-mance7,  n.  Fable,  novel; 
a series  of  extraordinary 
events. 

Ro-man7tic,  a.  Unreal,  extrav- 
agant. 

Rostrum,  n.  A stage  for  pub- 
lic speaking. 

Rote,  n.  Mere  repetition  of 
forms  of  speech  without  re- 
gard to  meaning. 

Ro-tund7,  a.  Round,  circular, 
spherical. 

Rouse,  v.  To  wake  from  sleep; 
to  stir  up,  agitate. 

Rout,  v.  To  defeat,  discomfit, 
overpower,  overthrow. 

Route  (rdot),  n . A course,  a 
road  or  path. 

Rou-tine7,  n.  Any  regular 
course  of  action. 

Row,  n.  A series  of  persons 
or  things  in  a continuous 
line. 

Row,  v.  To  propel  with  oars, 
as  a boat  or  vessel. 

Roy7al-ty,  n.  Kingliness;  a per- 
centage paid  to  an  owner  for 
the  use  of  an  article. 


64 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Rud'der,  n.  That  which  guides 
or  governs  the  course. 

.Rude,  a.  Bough,  uneven, 
coarse;  impolite,  impertinent. 

Ru'di-ment,  n.  An  element  or 
first  principle  of  an  art  or 
science. 

Rue,  v.  To  lament,  to  regret 
extremely. 

Ru'in,  ft.  Destruction,  down- 
fall, overthrow. 


.Sabbath,  n.  A day  of  rest; 
one  day  in  seven  appointed 
for  rest  or  worship. 

.Sa'ber,  n.  A sword  with  a 
heavy  blade. 

. Sac'cha-rine,  a . Producing 

sugar;  sweet. 

.Sa-cheP  (sa~sha/),  n.  A scent 
bag  or  perfume  cushion. 

.Sack,  n.  A kind  of  coat;  a bag 
or  pouch. 

. Sack,  v.  To  plunder  or  pillage; 
to  put  into  a sack. 

.Sac'ra-ment,  n . The  Lord’s 
Supper. 

.Sa'cred,  a.  Religious,  conse- 
crated, devoted. 

.Sac'ri-fice  (fize),  n.  Anything 
offered  to  a divinity;  surren- 
der of  one  thing  for  the  sake 
of  another. 

.Sac'ri-lege,  n.  The  sin  of  pro- 
faning sacred  things. 

.Sad,  a.  Sorrowful,  mournful, 
gloomy. 

.Sad/dle,  n.  A seat  for  a rider; 
a padded  part  of  a harness. 

.Sad'i-ron,  n.  An  iron  for 
smoothing  clothes,  a flatiron. 

.Safe,  a.  Unhurt,  secure;  free 
from  harm,  injury,  risk. 

.Safeguard,  v.  To  protect,  to 
guard. 

.Sag,  v.  To  sink  in  the  middle; 
to  lose  firmness  or  elasticity. 

.Sa-ga/cious,  a.  Keen-scented; 
shrewd,  wise,  judicious. 
b,  a . Prudent,  wise,  judi- 


cious. 

Sail,  n.  A piece  of  canvas  by 
which  the  wind  is  made  to 
propel  a vessel. 

Sail,  v . To  move  through  or  on 
the  water. 

SaiPor,  n . A seaman,  a mari- 
ner. 

Saint,  n.  A holy  or  godly  per- 
son. 


.Ru'mor,  n.  A flying  report, 
common  talk. 

Rup'ture,  v.  To  part  by  vio- 
lence, to  break. 

Rn^al,  a . Of  or  pertaining  to 
the  country. 

.Ruse,  n.  A trick,  stratagem; 
fraud,  deceit. 

Rut.  n.  A track  worn  by  a 
wheel. 

Rye,  n . A grain. 


Sake,  n.  Cause,  motive,  rea- 
son. 

Sa'ke,  n.  An  alcoholic  drink 
made  from  rice. 

SaPa-ble,  a . Capable  of  being 
sold. 

SaPad,  n.  A preparation  of 
vegetables  dressed  with  salt, 
vinegar,  etc. 

SaPa-ry,  n . Pay;  fixed,  regular 

wages. 

Sale,  n.  Act  of  selling;  trans- 
fer of  property  for  a consid- 
eration. 

, Salesman,  n . One  whose  occu- 
pation is  to  sell  goods,  etc. 

Sa'li-ent,  a.  Leaping,  bound- 
ing; prominent,  noticeable. 

SaPlow,  a . Having  a yellowish 
color. 

.SaPly,  v . To  issue  suddenly, 
to  burst  forth. 

Sal-ma-gun'di,  n . A mixture, 

a medley. 

.Sa-loou',  n . A public  room  01 
parlor;  a barroom,  a drinking 
place. 

, Sa-hPbri-ons,  a . Healthful, 

wholesome. 

, SaPu-ta-ry,  a . Beneficial,  uso 
ful,  advantageous,  healthful. 

.Sal-u-ta'tion,  n.  Greeting,  ad- 
dress, salute. 

.SaPvage,  n.  The  part  of  prop 
erty  that  survives  peril,  ifc 
saved. 

.Sal-va'tion,  n.  Redemption 
from  sin;  that  which  saves. 

.Salve,  n.  A healing  ointment, 
a soothing  remedy. 

.Same,  a . Of  like  kind,  species, 
sort;  similar,  like. 

.SanPple,  n.  Specimen,  exam- 
ple. 

.Sau-a-to'ri-um, ) n.  An  estab- 
[•  lishment  for 

.San-i-ta'ri-um,  ) treatment  of 
the  sick;  a resort  for  invalids,, 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


65 


r * # . , . .Sane'ti-fy,  v . To  make  sacred 

or  holy. 

.......  Sanc-ti-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Hypo- 
critically pious. 

Sanction,  n.  Ratification,  au- 
thority, support. 

,.„fV Sanc'ti-ty,  n . Holiness,  piety, 
godliness. 

........ Sanc'tu-a-ry,  n . A sacred 

place,  a church  or  temple. 

San'dal,  n.  A kind  of  shoe  con- 
sisting of  a sole  strapped  to 
the  foot. 

Sand'pa-per,  n.  Paper  covered 

on  one  siae  with  sand  glued 
fast. 

........ Sand'wich,  n.  Two  pieces  of 

bread  with  meat  or  cheese  be- 
tween. 

>....... Sandwich,  v.  To  insert  be- 
tween portions  of  something 
dissimilar. 

v. Sane,  a.  Mentally  sound,  not 

deranged. 

, San'gui-na-ry,  a.  Bloody, 

murderous,  cruel. 

San'guine,  a.  Confident,  hope- 
ful. 

* ...... . San'i-ta-ry,  a.  Designed  to  se- 
cure or  preserve  health. 

Sans, prep.  Without;  deprived 

or  destitute  of. 

Sa-pid'i-ty.  n . Taste,  savor, 

flavor. 

•  Sa'pi-ent,  a.  Wise,  knowing, 

discerning. 

........  Sarcasm,  n . A keen,  reproach- 
ful expression;  irony,  ridicule, 
taunt. 

.Sar-coph'a-gus,  n.  A stone 

coffin. 

Sardine,  n . The  young  of  the 

herring. 

Sar-to'ri-al,  a . Pertaining  to  a 

tailor  or  his  work. 

Sash,  n.  A belt,  a girdle;  a 

frame  in  which  window  panes 
are  set. 

• • Sas'sa-fras,  n . An  American 

tree  of  the  Laurel  family. 

Sa-tan'ic,  a . Resembling  Sa- 
tan; devilish. 

...... ..Satch'el,  w.  A hand  bag  for 

carrying  papers,  books,  ap- 
parel, etc. 

• .»•..»  .Sate,  v.  To  satisfy  the  desire 

or  appetite  of;  to  surfeit. 

Sa'ti-ate,  v . To  overfill,  to  sat- 
isfy. 

. Sat'in,  n.  A silk  cloth  of  thick, 

close  texture, 

5 


. . Satire,  n . Irony,  burlesque, 

ridicule. 

........ Sat-is-f action,  n.  Content- 
ment, gratification;  remuner- 
ation. 

........  Sat-is-f  ac'to-ry,  a.  Giving  sat- 
isfaction; sufficient;  compen- 
sating, atoning. 

Sat'is-fy,  v.  To  give  satisfac- 
tion. 

...... ..Saturate,  v.  To  cause  to  be 

come  completely  penetrated, 
impregnated,  or  soaked. 

........  Sat'urn,  n.  One  of  the  planets 

of  the  solar  system. 

........  Sauce,  n.  A dressing  for  meats, 

etc.;  stewed  fruit. 

........  Saucer,  n.  A small  dish,  deeper 

than  a plate. 

....... -Sau'cy,  Impudent,  imperti- 
nent. 

.......  Saunter,  v.  To  lounge,  to 

stroll. 

........  Sau/sage,  n.  Minced  and  high- 
ly seasoned  meat. 

Savage,  a.  Wild,  uncultivated; 

brutal. 

........  Save,  v . To  preserve,  rescue, 

deliver,  protect. 

. .Sa'vor,  n . Taste  and  odor, 

flavor. 

Saw,  n.  A proverb,  a maxim; 

a toothed  instrument  for  cut- 
ting or  dividing  substances. 

Say,  v.  To  tell,  speak;  repeat, 

rehearse;  announce. 

Say'ing,  n . Declaration,  speech, 

maxim. 

Scabbard,  n . A case  for  a 

sword. 

...Scaffold,  n.  A temporary 

structure  of  timbers,  etc.;  a 
gallows. 

.Scald,  v.  To  burn  with  hot 

liquid  or  steam. 

Scale,  n.  A piece  of  the  bony 

covering  of  fishes;  succession 
of  ascending  and  descending 
steps  and  degrees. 

Scales,  n.  Apparatus  for 

weighing. 

Scal'lop  (skbHupX  v.  To  cut 

the  edge  of  into  segments  of 
circles;  to  cook  with  crumbs. 

Scalp,  n . The  part  of  the  head 

covered  with  nair. 

Scamp,  n.  A rascal;  a swindler, 

a rogue. 

........  Scamper,  v.  To  hasten  away; 

to  run  or  move  in  a quick 
manner. 


66 


drattghon’s  practical  speller. 


Scan,  v . To  look  closely  at  or 

into. 

Scandal,  n.  Slander,  reproach, 

disgrace. 

Scant,  a.  Not  enough,  not  plen- 
tiful. 

Scapegoat,  n.  A person  or 

thing  made  to  bear  blame  for 
others. 

Scar,  n.  A blemish,  a disfigure- 
ment. 

Scarce,  a . Not  abundant;  rare, 

uncommon. 

Scare,  v.  To  alarm,  frighten, 

startle,  terrify. 

Scarlet,  a.  Deep  bright  red 

tinged  with  yellow. 

Scatter,  v.  To  strew  about;  to 

cause  to  separate  in  different 
directions. 

Scav'en-ger,  n.  One  who  is 

employed  to  clean  the 
streets. 

Scene,  n.  A spectacle,  show, 

exhibition;  a view. 

...... ..Scen'er-y,  n.  Combination  of 

natural  views,  as  woods,  hills, 
etc.;  the  paintings  and  hang- 
ings of  a play. 

Scent,  n.  Odor,  smell;  track  of 

discovery. 

Scepter,  n.  A staff  borne  by  a 

sovereign;  sovereignty. 

Schedule,  n . Catalogue,  list, , 

inventory.  \ 

Scheme,  n.  A system,  a plan, 

a project. 

Scholar,  n.  A learner,  a stu- 
dent; a person  of  high  literary 
or  scientific  attainments. 

SchoFar-ship,  n.  Learning; 

maintenance  for  a scholar. 

........  School,  n . A place  of  instruc- 
tion. 

Schooner,  n.  A small  vessel; 

a large  goblet  or  drinking 
glass. 

SchoFtische,  n.  A Scotch 

round  dance. 

ScFence,  n.  Ascertained  truth 

or  facts. 

Sci-en-tiFic,  a.  Pertaining  to 

science;  having  a knowledge 
of  science. 

ScnFtil-late,  v.  To  emit  sparks; 

to  sparkle. 

........  ScFon,  n . A descendant,  an 

heir. 

Scis/sors,  n.  A cutting  instru- 
ment resembling,  but  smaller 
than,  shears. 


Scoff,  v . To  sneer,  mock,  jibe, 
jeer. 

Scold,  v . To  chide  sharply,  to 
utter  harsh  rebuke 

Scoop,  n.  A large  ladle;  a deep 
shovel. 

Scope,  n.  Design,  aim;  range 
of  view,  intent,  or  action. 

Scorch,  v . To  parch  or  Shrivel 
by  heat. 

Score,  n.  A mark  made  for  the 
purpose  of  account;  the  num- 
ber twenty. 

Score,  y.  To  set  down,  to  re- 
cord. 

Scorn,  v.  To  hold  in  extreme 
contempt. 

Scoundrel,  n.  A rascal,  a vil- 
lain. 

Scour,  v.  To  clean  by  friction; 
to  make  clean  or  bright. 

Scourge,  n.  A lash;  an  afflic- 
tion; a punishment. 

Scout,  v.  To  reject  with  con- 
tempt. 

Scout,  n.  A person  sent  to  gain 
and  bring  in  tidings. 

.Scowl,  v.  To  wrinkle  the 
brows,  as  in  frowning. 

Scramble,  v.  To  struggle 
eagerly  with  others  for  some- 
thing thrown  on  the  ground: 
to  stir  the  yolks  and  whites  of 
eggs  together  while  cooking. 

.Scrap,  n.  A fragment;  a de- 
tacned  portion. 

. Scrape,  v.  To  rub  over  the  sur  * 
face  of  with  a sharp  or  rough 
instrument. 

.Scrape,  n.  An  embarrassing 
predicament. 

. Scratch,  v.  To  tear  the  surface 
of  with  something  rough  or 
sharp. 

. Scrawl,  v.  To  write  hastily  and 
carelessly. 

.Scream,  v.  To  cry  out  with  a 
shrill  voice. 

. Screen,  n.  That  which  shelters 
or  conceals  from  view;  a sieve 

.Screw,  n.  A kind  of  nail  witL 
a spiral  thread. 

.Scribble,  v.  To  write  without; 
care. 

.Scribe,  n . One  who  writes;  an 
official  or  public  writer. 

. ScrinFmage,  n.  A general  row* 
a confused  fight  or  struggle. 

.Scrip,  n . Preliminary  certifi- 
cate of  subscription  to  capital! 
stock. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


67 


.Script,  n.  An  original  instru- 
ment or  document. 

.Scripture,  n . A passage  from 
the  Bible. 

.Scriptures,  n.  The  Bible,  the 
Word  of  God. 

. ScripTur-ist,  n.  One  versed  in 
the  Scriptures. 

.Scroll,  n . A roll  of  paper  or 

parchment. 

. Scrub,  v.  To  rub  hard;  to  wash 
with  rubbing. 

.Scrub,  a.  Mean,  dirty,  con- 
temptible. 

.Scruple,  n . A very  small 
quantity;  unwillingness  pro- 
ceeding from  motives  of  con- 
science. 

.Seru'pu-lous,  a . Hesitating  to 
speak  or  act  for  fear  of  offend- 
ing or  doing  wrong. 

.Scruti-nize,  v.  To  examine 
closely. 

.Scruti-ny,  n.  Critical  obser- 
vation. 

.Scuftle,  v.  To  struggle  con- 
fusedly. 

. Sculptor,  n.  An  artist  who  de- 
signs and  carves  statues. 

.Scum,  n . Anything  vile  or 

worthless. 

.Scurtil-ous,  a . Offensive, 
abusive,  indecent. 

.Scuttle,  n.  A coal  hod;  a 
broad,  shallow  basket. 

.Scuttle,  v . To  sink,  as  a ship, 
by  making  holes  through  the 
bottom,  deck,  or  sides. 

.Scythe,  n . An  instrument  for 
mowing  grass,  etc. 

.Sea,  n.  A large  body  of  salt 
water. 

.Seal,  n.  An  engraved  or  in- 
scribed stamp;  an  animal. 

.Seal,  v.  To  affix  a seal  to;  to 
ratify,  confirm;  to  fasten. 

.Seam,  n.  A joint,  a line  of 
union. 

. Se-auce/,  n.  A meeting  of  spir- 
itualists to  receive  spirit  com- 
munications (so  called). 

.Sear,  v.  To  scorch;  to  make 
callous. 

.Search,  v.  To  explore,  exam- 
ine, seek,  inquire. 

, .Seashore,  n.  The  coast  of  the 
sea. 

,.Sea/sou,  n.  A division  of  the 
year;  suitable  or  convenient 
time;  a period  of  time,  not 
very  long. 


Season,  v.  To  prepare  by  dry- 
ing or  hardening;  to  render 
palatable. 

Sea'son-a-ble,  a . Timely,  op- 
portune. 

.Seat,  n.  That  upon  which  one 
sits;  a site,  an  abode,  a station. 

Se-cede',  v.  To  withdraw  from 

fellowship,  communion,  or  as- 
sociation. 

Se-cliPsion,  n.  Solitude,  sepa 

ration,  retirement. 

Second,  a . Immediately  fol- 
lowing the  first;  secondary, 
inferior. 

Second,  n.  One  next  in  place, 

rank,  etc.;  a backer,  an  as- 
sistant. 

Secret,  a . Hidden,  concealed; 

private. 

. . jfjec're-ta-ry,  n.  An  amanuen- 
sis;  one  who  attends  to  cor- 
respondence, etc.,  for  an  as- 
sociation, public  body,  or  an 
individual. 

Se-crete',  v.  To  deposit  in  a 

lace  of  hiding;  to  conceal, 
ide. 

Sect,  n.  Those  following  a par- 
ticular leader  or  authority  or 
attached  to  a certain  opinion. 
Sec-ta'ri-an,  n.  An  adherent 
of  a denomination  or  sect. 
Section,  n.  A slice;  a part  of 
a book  or  writing;  a distinct 
part  of  a country. 

See'u-lar,  a.  Worldly,  not 
spiritual  or  holy. 

Se-cure',  v . To  make  safe;  to 
make  fast;  to  get  possession  of. 
Se-ciPri-ty,  n.  Protection,  de- 
fense, confidence,  surety. 
Se-date',  a . Settled,  composed, 
calm. 

Sed/en-ta-ry,  a.  Accustomed 
to  sit  much  or  long. 
Se-dPtion,  n.  Insurrection,  tu- 
mult. 

Se-duce',  v.  To  allure,  tempt, 
mislead,  debauch. 

Sed'u-lous,  a . Diligent,  indus- 
trious, laborious. 

, See,  v.  To  perceive  by  the  eye, 
to  view;  to  visit;  to  look 
after. 

Seed'y,  a.  Shabbily  clothed, 
shabby  looking. 

Seek,  v.  To  search  for;  to  try 
to  acquire  or  gain. 

.Seem,  v.  To  appear,  look;  to 
be  taken  as. 


6S 


DRAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


.......  .SeemSy,  a.  Becoming,  fit,  suit- 
able, proper. 

•  ..Seep,  v . To  run  or  soak 

through. 

• •«••..  .Seethe,  v.  To  boil;  to  be  in  a 

state  of  violent  commotion. 

........  SegSe-gate,  v . To  separate 

from  others;  to  set  apart. 

...... ..Seine  (san),  n.  A large  net 

used  in  fishing. 

Seismic,  a.  Pertaining  to  an 

earthquake. 

• ••••...Seize,  v>  To  catch,  grasp, 

clutch;  to  apprehend. 

........  SePzin,  n . Possession  of  an  es- 
tate of  freehold. 

SePdom,  adv.  Rarely,  not 

often,  not  frequently. 

Se-lect7,  a . Of  special  value  or 

excellence,  choice. 

Se-lecP,  v.  To  choose,  to  take 

by  preference. 

.Self,  n.  A person  as  a distinct 

individual. 

.......  .Self-as-sured',  a.  Self-reliant, 

complacent. 

Self-con-troF,  n.  Restraint 

exercised  over  one’s  self. 

........Self-de-fense',  n . The  act  of 

defending  one’s  own  person, 
property,  or  reputation. 

Self-de-nFal,  n.  Forbearing 

to  gratify  one’s  own  desires. 

Self-ed'u-ca-ted,  a . Educated 

by  one’s  own  efforts. 

Self-es-teem',  n . Holding  a 

good  opinion  of  one’s  self. 

Self-ev'i-dent,  a.  Evident 

without  proof  or  reasoning. 

Self-im-porSant,  «.  Having  or 

manifesting  an  exaggerated 
idea  of  one’s  own  importance 
or  merit. 

.Self-in-duPgent,  a . Indulging 

one’s  desires,  appetites,  etc., 
freely. 

....... .Self'ish,  a . Caring  supremely 

or  unduly  for  one’s  self. 

Self-pos-sessed',  a.  Com- 
posed, undisturbed. 

........ Self-re-lPant,  a.  Relying  on 

one’s  own  powers  or  judg- 
ment. 

Self -re -proof  % n.  Censure  of 

one’s  conduct  by  one’s  own 
judgment. 

........ Self-righPeous,  a.  Righteous 

in  one’s  own  esteem. 

Self-sac'ri-flce,  n.  Act  of  sac- 
rificing one’s  self  or  interest 
for  others. 


........  Self 'same.  a.  The  very  same, 

identical. 

• •••'••  .SelP-scek-er,  n.  One  who 
seeks  only  his  own  interest, 
advantage,  etc. 

.SeK-snf-fr  cient,  a . Having  an 
overweening  confidence  in 
one’s  own  ability  or  worth. 

...... . .Self-willed',  a . Obstinate;  gov- 
erned by  one’s  own  will. 

........  Sell,  v.  To  transfer  to  another 

for  an  equivalent. 

.Semblance,  ».  Likeness,  ap- 
pearance, show. 

Sem'i-.  A prefix  signifying 

half. 

...... . .Sem'i-cir-cle,  n.  The  half  of  a 

circle. 

.......  .Seir/i-na-ry,  n.  A place  of  ed* 

ucation. 

....... .Sen'at©?  n.  An  assembly  or 

council  having  the  highest  de- 
liberative and  legislative  func- 
tions. 

....... .Senator,  n . A member  of  a 

senate. 

Send,  v , To  cause  to  go;  to  dis* 

patch;  to  commission. 

Sen'ior,  a.  Elder;  more  ad- 
vanced. 

Sen-sa'tion,  n.  An  impression, 

a feeling;  a state  of  excited 
interest  or  feeling,  or  that 
which  causes  it. 

Sen-ga'tion-al,  a . Emotional, 

melodramatic. 

.•••••..Sense,  n.  Perception  by  the 
sensory  organs  of  the  body 
and  through  the  intellect;  cor- 
rect judgment,  understand- 
ing. 

........  Sen'si-ble,  a.  Intelligent,  un- 
derstanding, wise. 

Sen'si-tive,  a . Easily  and 

acutely  affected. 

........ Sen'su-al,  a . Luxurious,  lewd; 

relating  to  or  concerning  the 
body  in  distinction  from  the 
spirit. 

Sentence,  n.  An  opinion,  a 

decision ; a judgment  passed  on 
a criminal;  a combination  of 
words  expressing  a thought. 

.Sen-tensions,  a . Full  of  mean- 
ing. 

.SenSi-ment,  n.  A thought 

prompted  by  passion  or  feel- 
ing; opinion,  notion,  judg- 
ment. 

Sen-ti-raen'tal,  a . Artificially 

or  affectedly  tender. 


69 


dbaughon’s  practical  speller. 


, Sen  ti-nel,  n.  One  who  watch- 
es  or  guards. 

.Separate,  v.  To  disunite,  di- 
vide; to  come  between. 

. Sep-tet7,  n.  A set  of  seven  per- 
sons or  objects. 

,Sep7ul-cher,  n.  A grave,  a 
tomb. 

Sequel,  n.  Consequence,  re- 
sult, effect. 

.Sequence,  n.  That  which  fol- 
lows or  succeeds,  as  an  effect. 

, Seq-ues-tra7tion,  n.  The  act  of 
setting  aside  a thing  in  contro- 
versy from  possession  of  both 
parties  contending  for  it,  to  be 
delivered  to  the  one  adjudged 
entitled  to  it. 

Ser-e-nade7,  n.  Music  per- 
formed or  sung  in  the  open 
air  at  night. 

Se-rene7,  a.  Calm,  placid,  un- 
disturbed. 

Serf,  n.  A servant  or  slave  em- 
ployed in  agricultural  work. 

Serjeant-at-arms,  n.  An  offi- 
cer of  a legislative  body  who 
preserves  order  and  makes 
arrests. 

Series,  n.  A number  of  things 
or  events  succeeding  in 
order. 

Se7ri-ous,  a.  Grave,  solemn, 
earnest,  important. 

Sermon,  n.  A discourse  deliv- 
ered for  the  purpose  of  reli- 
gious instruction. 

Servant,  n.  A subordinate 
helper. 

Serve,  v.  To  wait  upon,  to  work 
for. 

Service,  n.  Duty  done  or  re- 
quired. 

Servile,  a.  Slavish,  mean, 
cringing. 

Session,  n.  The  actual  sitting 
of  a court,  council,  etc. 

Set,  v.  To  cause  to  sit,  to  place; 
to  put  in  order,  to  regulate. 

Set,  n.  A group,  a clique;  a col- 
lection of  articles  which  nat- 
urally go  together. 

Set7-off,  n.  A counterclaim;  a 
decoration,  an  ornament. 

Set-tee7,  n.  A long  seat  with  a 
back. 

Set7ter,  n.  A hunting  dog  of  a 
special  breed. 

Set7tle,  u.  To  fix,  establish, 
regulate,  adjust,  determine, 
decide. 


. Set7tle-ment,  w.  A colony  new- 
ly established. 

,Sev7er,  v.  To  separate,  divide; 
to  disjoin. 

>Sev/er-al,  a.  More  than  two, 
but  not  very  many. 

,Sev7er-ance,  n.  The  severing 
of  twcfor  more  that  are  joined 
in  one  writ. 

, Se-vere7.  a.  Strict,  grave,  stern,  ( 
rigid;  oitter,  cruel. 

.Sew  (so),  v.  To  unite  or  fasten 
together  by  stitches. 

,Sew7age,  n.  The  contents  of  a 
sewer. 

, Sew7er,  n . A drain  to  carry  off 
water  and  filth  underground. 

Sew7er-age,  n.  The  system  of 
sewers  in  a city,  town,  etc. 

.Sex,  n.  The  distinguishing  pe- 
culiarity of  male  or  female. 

, Sex7ton,  n.  A person  employed 
to  sweep  and  clean  a church 
building. 

Shab7by,  a.  Poor,  mean; 

ragged. 

Shackle,  n.  A ring  or  band 
inclosing  the  ankle  or  wrist. 

Shade,  n.  That  which  shelters 
from  light  or  the  direct  rays 
of  the  sun. 

Shad7ow,  n.  A reflected  image; 
shade,  obscurity. 

Shaft,  n.  An  arrow;  an  exca- 
vation in  the  earth  for  reach- 
ing and  raising  ore. 

Shafts,  n.  The  two  slender 
ieces  of  wood  by  which  a 
orse  pulls  a vehicle. 

Shag7gy,  a.  Rough  with  long 
hair  or  wool. 

Shake,  v.  To  move  one  way 
and  the  other;  to  weaken,  to 
cause  to  waver;  to  tremble. 

ShaPlow,  a.  Not  deep;  not 
wise  or  knowing. 

Sham,  n.  A make-believe,  a 
humbug. 

Sham7ble,  v.  To  walk  awk- 
wardly and  unsteadily. 

Shame,  n.  Reproach  incurred 
or  suffered. 

Shame'faced,  a.  Easily  con- 
fused, bashful. 

Shank,  n.  The  shin  bone;  the 
part  of  a tool  that  connects  it 
with  the  handle. 

Shape,  n.  Make,  figure,  form, 
guise. 

Share, n.  An  allotment,  a por- 
tion. 


70 


lraughon’s  practical  speller. 


.Shark,  n.  A great  fish;  a 
swindler. 

.Sharp,a.  Keen;  piercing,  pain- 
ful. 

.Shatter,  v.  To  break  into 
fragments;  to  disorder,  to  de- 
range. 

.Share,  v.  To  cut  or  pare  off 
from  the  surface  of  a body. 

. Sheaf,  n.  A bundle  of  grain  or 

straw. 

, Shear,  v.  To  separate  or  sever 
with  shears. 

Shears,  n.  An  instrument  for 
cutting  cloth  and  other  sub- 
stances. 

Sheath,  n . A case  for  a sword 
or  knife,  a scabbard. 

Sheathe,  v.  To  put  into  a case, 
as  a sword. 

Shed,  n . A shelter,  an  outbuild- 
ing. 

Shed,  v.  To  pour  forth  or  out; 
to  throw  off,  as  a natural  cov- 
ering of  hair,  feathers,  etc. 

Sheepskin,  n.  The  skin  of  a 
sheep;  a diploma. 

Sheer,  a.  Obvious,  simple, 
mere;  perpendicular. 

Sheet,  n.  A broad,  thin  piece 
of  paper,  metal,  or  cloth. 

Shelf,  n . A flat  tablet  or  ledge 
of  any  material. 

Shell,  n.  The  covering  of  a nut, 
egg,  etc.;  a hollow  projec- 
tile. 

SheFter,  n . A protection,  a 

screen. 

Shepherd,  n.  A tender  of  a 
flock;  the  pastor  of  a church. 

Sherbet,  n.  A flavored  water 

ice. 

Sheriff,  n . The  chief  officer  of 
a county — the  one  who  serves 
judicial  writs  and  processes 
and  preserves  the  peace. 

Shib'bo-leth,  n . The  criterion 
or  watchword  of  a party. 

Shield,  n.  Anything  which 
protects  or  defends. 

Shift,  v.  To  change  the  position 
of;  to  exchange  for  another  of 
the  same  class;  to  contrive,  to 
manage. 

Shim'mer,  n . A faint,  tremu- 
lous light. 

Shin,  n.  The  front  part  of  the 
leg  below  the  knee. 

Shine,  v . To  emit  rays  of  light; 
to  be  eminent,  conspicuous, 
or  distinguished. 


• Shingle,  n.  A piece  of  wood 

used  in  covering  buildings. 

Ship,  n.  Any  large  seagoing 

vessel. 

Ship,  k To  commit  to  a con- 
veyance for  transporta- 
tion. 

Shipment,  n . That  which  is 

shipped. 

..Shirk,  v.  To  avoid,  escape, 

neglect. 

Shiv/er,  v.  To  shatter;  to  trem- 
ble, quiver,  shake. 

Shoal,  n.  A throng;  a place  in 

a river,  etc.,  where  the  water 
is  shallow. 

Shock,  v.  To  strike  against 

suddenly;  to  strike  with  ter- 
ror, disgust,  etc. 

Shod/dy,  a.  Not  genuine;  sham, 

pretentious. 

Shook,  n.  A set  of  staves  and 

headings  sufficient  in  number 
for  one  barrel,  cask,  or  hogs- 
head. 

Shoot,  v . To  let  fly,  as  an 

arrow;  to  discharge,  as  a gun; 
to  hurl. 

Shoot,  n.  A young  branch  or 

growth. 

Shop,  n.  A retail  store;  a build- 
ing in  which  mechanics  or 
artisans  work. 

Shop,  v.  To  visit  shops  or 

stores  for  the  purpose  of  pur- 
chasing goods. 

Shore,  n.  Land  adjacent  to  a 

large  body  of  water. 

Short,  a.  Of  brief  length;  defi- 
cient, defective,  inadequate, 
insufficient. 

.......  - Shorthand,  n.  A rapid  method 

of  writing  by  substituting 
characters,  abbreviations, 
etc.,  for  letters,  words,  etc.; 
stenography. 

........  Shoul'der,  v.  To  take  upon  the 

shoulder  or  shoulders. 

Shout,  v.  To  utter  a sudden 

and  loud  outcry. 

Shove  (shiiv),  v.  To  push  along, 

aside,  or  away. 

Shov'd,  n.  A broad,  scooped 

implement  for  lifting  and 
throwing  earth,  etc. 

Show,  v.  To  exhibit;  to  guide, 

direct;  to  make  apparent  or 
clear. 

Show,  n.  That  which  is  shown, 

or  brought  to  view;  sem- 
blance, appearance* 


DRAUGHOISTS  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


71 


Sbow'er,  <n.  A fall  of  rain  or 
hail  of  short  duration. 

Show'y,  a . Splendid,  gay,  gor- 
geous. 

Shred,  v.  To  cut  or  tear  into 
small  pieces. 

Shrewd,  a.  Keen,  critical,  sa- 
gacious, discerning. 

Shriek,  v.  To  utter  a sharp, 
shrill  cry. 

Shrill,  a.  Sharp,  acute,  pier- 
cing. 

Shrine,  n.  Any  sacred  place, 
as  an  altar,  tomb,  or  the 
like. 

Shrink,  v.  To  shrivel;  to  con- 
tract into  a less  extent  or  com- 
pass. 

Shroud,  n.  A garment,  espe- 
cially  the  dress  for  the 
dead. 

Shrug,  v . To  raise  or  draw  up 
the  shoulders. 

Shud/der,  v.  To  tremble  with 
fear;  to  shiver  with  cold. 

Shuffle,  v.  To  mix  by  pushing 
or  shoving;  to  change  the  rel- 
ative positions  of. 

Shun,  v.  To  avoid,  to  keep 
clear  of. 

Shut,  v.  To  close  so  as  to  hin- 
der ingress  or  egress. 

Shy,  a.  Timid,  reserved;  cau- 
tious, suspicious. 

Sick,  a.  Diseased,  ill,  weak,  in- 
disposed. 

Sickle,  n.  A reaping  instru- 
ment. 

Side,  n.  The  narrow  edge  or 
border  of  a surface. 

.Side,  v.  To  take  sides;  to  em- 
brace the  opinions  of  one  party 
in  opposition  to  another. 

.Siege,  n.  Continued  attempt 
to  get  possession. 

. Si-es' ta,  n.  A nap  taken  about 
the  middle  of  the  day. 

.Sift,  v . To  separate  with  a 
sieve;  to  scrutinize. 

.Sigh,  n.  A deep,  audible  inspi- 
ration; a lament. 

.Sight,  n.  Power  of  seeing;  a 
spectacle,  a view. 

.Sight,  v.  To  get  sight  of;  to  ad- 
just the  sights  of. 

.Sign,  n.  Token,  mark,  note, 
symptom. 

.Signal,  a.  Remarkable,  mem- 
orable, extraordinary. 

. Signal,  n.  A sign  made  for  the 
purpose  of  giving  notice  to. 


. . Sig'na-ture,  n . The  name  of  a 

Eerson,  written  with  his  own 
and. 

..Sig-nif'i-cant,  a.  Important, 
deserving  to  be  considered. 
..Sig-ni-fi-ca'tion,  n.  A making 
known  by  signs  or  other 
means. 

. .Sig'ni-fy,  v.  To  express,  de- 
clare, utter,  denote." 

. .Si'lent,  a.  Perfectly  quiet;' 
speechless. 

. . Sill*  n.  The  basis  or  foundation 
oi  a structure. 

..Silly,  a . Simple,  shallow, 
foolish. 

. .Silver,  n.  A soft,  white  metal- 
lic element. 

. .Sim'i-lar,  a.  Exactly  corre- 
sponding, precisely  like. 

. . Si-miPi-tude,  n.  Resemblance, 
likeness. 

. . Simple,  a.  Single,  unmingled, 
unmixed;  plain,  artless;  frank, 
open;  weak  in  intellect. 

. .Sim'pli-fy,  v.  To  make  less 
complex. 

. .Simulate,  v.  To  counterfeit, 
to  feign. 

. .Si-mul-ta'ne-ons,  a.  Existing, 
happening,  or  done  at  the 
same  time. 

. . Sin,  n.  Transgression  of  the 
law  of  God. 

..Since,  adv.  In  the  time  past, 
ago. 

..Since,  prep . Subsequently  to, 
after. 

..Since,  conj.  Because,  for,  as, 
inasmuch  as. 

. .Siii-cere7,  a.  Genuine,  true, 
real. 

. . Sin/ew,  n . A tendon ; that  which 
supplies  strength  or  power. 
...Sing,  v.  To  utter  sounds  with 
musical  inflections. 

..Single,  a.  Individual,  sepa- 
rate; unmarried. 

. . . Sin'gu-lar,  a.  Unexampled, 
strange,  remarkable. 

. . .Sin'is-ter,  a.  Wrong,  dishon- 
est, corrupt. 

, . . Sink,  v.  To  fall,  drop,  decline, 
decrease. 

. ..Sin'u-ous,  a.  Bending  in  and 
out. 

. . . Sip,  v.  To  draw  into  the  mouth; 

to  drink  in  small  quantities. 
...Sire,  n.  A father,  the  head  of 
a family;  the  male  parent  of 
a beast. 


72 


DRAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


........ Sir'up,  n.  A thick  liquid  from 

the  juices  of  fruits,  etc.,  boiled 
with  sugar. 

Sit,  v.  To  rest  upon  the  haunch- 
es; to  cover  and  warm  eggs 
for  hatching. 

........Site,  n.  Situation;  a place 

chosen  for  permanent  use  or 
occupation. 

.Sit-u-a'tion,^.  Location,  local- 
ity, site;  position  or  employ- 
ment. 

• ••.....Size,  n.  Dimension,  bigness, 

magnitude. 

..Skate,  7i.  A metallic  runner, 

with  a frame  shaped  to  fit  the 
sole  of  a shoe,  and  used  for 
moving  rapidly  on  ice. 

Skein  (skan),  n.  A quantity  of 
yarn  or  thread  put  up  to- 
gether; a metallic  thimble  on 
the  wooden  arm  of  an  axle. 

. .Skel'e-ton,  n.  The  bony  frame- 
work of  an  animal;  the  frame- 
work of  anything. 

Skeptic,  n.  A doubter,  an  un- 
believer, an  infidel. 

Sketch,  n.  An  outline,  delinea- 
tion, plan,  design. 

Skewer,  n.  A wooden  pin  for 

hanging  meat  to  a spit. 

Skill?  n.  Aptitude,  ability,  dex- 
terity, expertness. 

SkilBful,  a.  Able  in  manage- 
ment, clever. 

Skin,  n.  The  hide;  the  bark  or 

husk. 

Skip,  v.  To  leap  lightly;  to  pass 

by  or  overlook. 

Skirmish,  n.  A slight  fight  in 

war;  a slight  contest. 

Skirt,  n.  Border,  edge;  the 

lower  part  of  a coat  or  dress. 

Skull,  7i.  The  skeleton  of  the 

head  of  a vertebrate  animal. 

........Sky,  7i.  The  heavens,  the  fir- 
mament. 

Skylight,  n.  A window  in  the 

roof  or  ceiling. 

..Slab,  n . A thm  piece  of  any- 
thing. 

) ...Slack,  a.  Lax;  not  earnest  or 

eager;  slow,  tardy. 

........  Slam.  v.  To  shut  with  force 

and  a loud  noise. 

• Slander,  v.  To  defame,  belie, 

vilify,  scandalize. 

Slang,  n.  Low,  vulgar,  unau- 
thorized language. 

• .Slant,  v.  To  slope;  to  turn 

from  a direct  line. 


Slap,  v.  To  strike  with  the 

open  hand. 

........  Slate,  7i.  A kind  of  rock  which 

readily  splits  into  thin  plates. 

........  Slaughter,  n.  Butchery,  mur- 
der, havoc. 

....... .Slave,  7i.  Bond  servant,  cap- 
tive, vassal;  one  who  surren- 
* ders  himself  to  any  power. 

....... .Slay,  v . To  put  to  death  with 

a weapon  or  by  violence. 

........Sleek,  a.  Smooth,  glossy;  not 

rough  or  harsh. 

Sleep,  n.  Slumber,  repose,  rest, 

nap. 

Sleeve,  n.  The  part  of  a gar- 
ment which  covers  the  arm. 

........  Sleigh,  n.  A vehicle,  moved  on 

runners,  which  is  used  for 
transporting  persons  or  goods 
on  ice  or  snow. 

........Sleight  (slite),  n.  An  artful 

trick,  sly  artifice. 

Slice,  n.  A thin,  broad  piece 

cut  off. 

........Slide,  v.  To  slip,  to  glide;  to 

move  gently  onward. 

........Slight,  v.  To  neglect,  disre- 
gard, scorn. 

Slight,  a.  Unimportant,  insig- 
nificant; not  severe. 

........  Slim,  a.  Weak,  poor,  slender; 

unsubstantial. 

Slime*  n.  Soft,  moist  earth 

or  clay. 

Slipshod,  a.  Careless  in  dress, 

manners,  etc. 

Slogan,  n.  A war  cry;  any 

rallying  cry. 

Slop,  7i.  Dirty  water;  the  rins- 
ings of  table  dishes. 

.Slope,  7i.  A line  or  direction 
inclining  from  a horizontal 
line  or  direction. 

..Slot,  n.  A narrow  depression, 

perforation,  or  aperture. 

........ Sloth'fuL  a.  Lazy,  indolent, 

sluggish. 

Slough  (slou),  n.  A hole  full  of 

mire. 

........Slough  (sluf),  v.  To  separate 

in  the  form  of  dead  matter 
from  living  tissue. 

........  Slov'en-ly,  a.  Negligent  of 

neatness  and  order. 

Slow,  a.  Tardy,  late;  sluggish, 

inactive;  dull. 

........  Sluice,  n . An  artificial  passage 

for  water. 

Slum,  n.  A foul  back  street  of 

a city. 


73 


Slur,  v . To  soil,  disparage,  tra- 
duce; to  pass  over  with  little 
notice. 

Slush,  n . Soft  mud;  half- 

melted  snow. 

Sly,  a.  Cunning,  crafty,  se- 
cretly mischievous. 

. . . . . Smack,  v.  To  have  indications 
of  the  presence  of  any  char- 
acter or  quality;  to  kiss  with 
a sharp  noise. 

Smart,  a . Sharp,  acute;  clever, 

witty 

Smear,  v.  To  soil  in  any  way; 

to  stain  morally. 

Smell,  v.  To  perceive  by  the 

organs  of  smell. 

.....Smile,  v.  To  express  amuse- 
ment or  pleasure  by  the  fea- 
tures of  the  face. 

. .. . .Smite,  v.  To  strike;  to  afflict, 
to  punish. 

.....Smith,  n.  One  who  works  in 
metals. 

....  .Smoke,  v.  To  throw  off  vapor 
or  exhalation;  to  draw  into 
the  mouth  smoke  from  to- 
bacco burning  in  a pipe,  etc. 

SmoPder,  v . To  burn  without 

flame. 

Smooth,  a.  Having  an  even 

surface. 

Smooth,  v.  To  make  smooth; 

to  free  from  harshness. 

. . . . . Smother,  v.  To  destroy  by  suf- 
focation; to  repress,  suppress, 
conceal. 

Smuggle,  v.  To  import  or  ex- 
port secretly,  contrary  to 
law. 

.....Snap,  n.  A sudden  breaking; 
briskness,  energy,  vigor. 

.....Snare,  n.  Anything  by  which 
one  is  entangled. 

Snarl,  v.  To  growl;  to  speak 

crossly. 

.....Snatch,  v.  To  grab,  or  seize 
abruptly. 

.....Sneak,  v.  To  act  in  a stealthy 
and  cowardly  manner. 

.....Sneer,  v.  To  scoff,  to  jeer;  to 
speak  derisively. 

Sneeze,  v.  To  emit  air,  chiefly 

through  the  nose,  audibly  and 
violently. 

.....Sneeze,  n.  A short  sleep,  a 
nap. 

o « . . .Snow.  n.  Watery  particles  con- 
gealed into  flakes. 

*....Smub,  v.  To  slight  design- 
edly. 


Snuff,  n . Pulverized  tobacco, 
etc. 

Snuff,  v . To  inhale  air  through 
the  nose  with  noise  or  vio- 
lence. 

Snug,  a . Close,  concealed; 
compact,  convenient,  and 
comfortable. 

Soap,  n.  A substance  which 
dissolves  in  water,  forming  a* 
lather,  and  is  used  as  a cleans- 
ing agent. 

.*,***..  Soar,  v.  To  fly  aloft;  to  rise  in 
thought,  spirits,  or  imagina- 
tion. 

..Sob,  n . A sorrowful  cry  or 

sound. 

........  So'ber,  a.  Temperate,  calm; 

not  mad,  or  insane;  not  intox- 
icated. 

........  So-brPe-ty>  n.  Soberness,  calm- 
ness, seriousness. 

........  So/cia-ble,  n.  An  informal  par- 

tv  or  reception. 

....... .Social,  a.  Companionable;  dis- 
posed to  mix  in  friendly  con- 
verse. 

So-cPe-ty,  n.  Companionship, 

fellowship;  an  association  for 
mutual  benefit  or  pleasure. 

........Socket,  n . An  opening  into 

which  anythin?  is  fitted. 

........Soil,  v . To  maxe  unclean;  to 

stain  or  mar. 

........  Soil,  ».  The  upper  stratum  of 

the  earth. 

Sojourn,  v.  To  dwell  for  a 

time. 

....... .SoPace,  n.  Comfort,  consola- 
tion. 

........  SoPder  (s&d'er),  n.  A metallic 

cement. 

SoPdier,  n.  One  engaged  in 

military  service. 

........Sole,  n.  The  bottom  of  the 

foot. 

........ Sol  emn,  a . Grave,  sober,  sa- 
cred. 

SoPem-nize,  v.  To  perform 

with  solemn  ceremonies  or  ac- 
' cording  to  legal  forms. 

So-Iic'it,  v.  To  beseech,  ask, 
request. 

........  Se-lic'it-or,  n.  An  attorney  or 

advocate. 

........  Se-lic'i-tude,  n.  Concern,  anx- 
iety. 

..... ...SoPid,  a . Firm,  compact, 

strong,  substantial. 

Se-liPe-quy , n.  The  act  of  talk- 
ing to  one’s  self. 


deaughon’s  practical  speller. 


74 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Sol-i-tair©',  n.  A single  dia- 
mond in  a setting. 

Sol'i-ta-ry,  a.  Single,  alone, 
lonely. 

So'lo,  n . A piece  played  or 
sung  by  one  person. 
So-lu'iion,  n . Explanation, 

clearing  up. 

Solvent,  a.  Able  or  sufficient 
to  pay  all  just  debts. 

Sonrber,  a.  Somewhat  dark, 
gloomy,  sad,  grave. 

Some,  a.  A little;  a part,  a por- 
tion. 

Someflbod-y,  n.  A person  un- 
known or  uncertain;  a person 
of  importance. 

Somehow,  adv.  In  one  way  or 
another. 

SonPer-sault,  n . A leap  in 
which  a person  turns  heels 
over  head  and  lights  upon  his 
feet. 

Something,  n.  Anything  un- 
known, undetermined;  apart, 
a little. 

Sometimes,  adv . At  times,  at 
intervals,  occasionally. 
Somewhat,  adv.  In  some  de- 
gree or  measure. 

Somewhere,  adv.  In  some 
lace  not  known  or  speci- 
ed. 

Som-nam/bu-list,  n.  A person 

who  walks  in  his  sleep. 

Song,  n.  A poem  adapted  to 

vocal  music;  a trifle. 

. ..Soon,  adv.  In  a short  time; 

promptly,  quickly. 

Soothe,  v.  To  soften,  allay, 

pacify,  mitigate. 

Sophist,  n.  A captious  or  fal- 
lacious reasoner. 

........ Sordid,  a.  Covetous,  nig- 
gardly. 

Sore,  «.  Tender  to  the  touch, 

painful,  inflamed. 

Sorrow,  n.  Grief,  unhappiness, 

regret. 

........ Sor'ry,  a . Vexed,  mortified; 

poor,  mean. 

........  Sort,  n.  Kind  or  species,  class 

or  order. 

........ Sot,  n.  An  habitual  drunk- 
ard. 

Soul,  n.  The  spiritual  part  in 

man;  the  seat  of  real  life. 

Sound,  a . Not  diseased;  firm, 

strong,  safe. 

• •...•..Sound,  n . Sensation  received 
through  the  ear;  a strait. 


........  Source,  n.  Cause  or  origin;  the 

person  from  whom  anything 
originates. 

...Sou-ve-nir',  n.  A memento,  a 

keepsake. 

Sov'er-eign,  a . Highest  in 

power,  chief. 

Sow,  v.  To  scatter,  as  seed, 

upon  the  earth. 

..Space,  n.  Place,  room;  time, 

duration. 

Spacious,  a . Having  large  or 

ample  room. 

Spade,  n.  An  implement  for 

digging  the  ground. 

Span,  n.  Nine  inches;  small 

space,  brief  portion  of  time. 

Spar,  n.  A mineral;  a round 

piece  of  timber  used  as  a 
mast,  yard,  or  boom. 

Spar,  v.  To  combat  with  the 

fists. 

Spare,  v.  To  use  frugally  or 

stintingly;  to  show  mercy  to. 

Spare,  a.  Lean,  meager;  super- 
fluous; scanty. 

Spark,  n.  A small  particle  ot 

fire  emitted  by  a body  in  com- 
bustion. 

Spasm,  n.  A sudden,  violent, 

and  temporary  effort  or  emo- 
tion; a contraction  of  the 
muscles. 

...... . .Spas-mod'ic,  a.  Soon  exhaust- 
ed, intermittent 

Spawn,  v.  To  produce  or  de« 

osit  eggs,  as  fishes  and  frogs 
o. 

Speak,  v.  To  utter  words;  to 

tell,  converse,  pronounce. 

Spear,  n.  A long,  pointed 

weapon. 

..Special,  a.  Peculiar,  particu- 
lar, uncommon. 

Spe'cial-ty,  n . That  for  which 

one  is  distinguished  or  in 
which  he  is  well  versed. 

Specie,  n.  Coin,  hard  mon- 
ey. 

Species,  n.  A sort,  kind,  va- 
riety. 

Spe-cif'ic,  a . Definite,  limited, 

precise. 

Specimen,  n.  Sample,  model, 

pattern. 

.... Spe/cious,  a.  Apparently  right, 

but  not  so  in  reality. 

Spec'ta-cle,  n.  A noteworthy 

sight;  an  exhibition,  a show. 

Spee-ta'tor,  n . Looker-on,  ob- 
server, witness. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


75 


Specter,  n . A ghost,  a phan- 
tom. 

........  Speculate,  v.  To  meditate, 

contemplate;  to  purchase 
with  expectation  of  an  ad- 
vance in  value  and  of  sale  at 
a profit. 

Spec'u-la-tor,  n.  One  who  en- 
gages in  speculation;  a theo- 
rist. 

Speech,?*.  Language,  address, 

oration. 

Speed,  n.  Swiftness,  velocity, 

hurry. 

Spell,  n.  A relatively  short  pe- 
riod of  time. 

, . . . . . . .Spell,  v.  To  name,  in  their 

proper  order,  the  letters  of  a 
word. 

Spend,  v . To  dispose  of;  to 

pass,  as  time;  to  exhaust. 

Sphere,?*.  Any  globular  body; 

province,  place  of  existence. 

Sphinx,  n.  An  image  having 

a human  head  and  the  body 
of  a lion. 

SpieFer,  n.  A professional 

sharper. 

* Spill,  v . To  cause  to  flow  out 

and  be  lost  or  wasted. 

.........  Spindle,  n.  The  long,  slender, 

round  rod  in  spinning  wheels 
by  which  the  thread  is  twisted 
and  on  which  it  is  wound. 

Spine,  n.  The  backbone,  or 

spinal  column,  of  an  animal. 

Spinster,  n . An  unmarried 

woman. 

SpPral,  a . Winding  rouna  or 

circling  a center  or  pole. 

Spire,  n • The  top  of  a pyram- 
idal tower. 

Spirit,  n.  Energy,  vivacity;  es- 
sence or  energy  distinct  from 
matter;  a ghost. 

Spii/it-u-al-ism,  n.  Belief  that 

departed  spirits  hold  inter- 
course with  mortals  by  means 
of  physical  phenomena. 

Spir'it-u-ous,  a.  Alcoholic,  ar- 
dent. 

Spite,  n.  Malice,  grudge,  ran- 

cor. 

..Splash,  v.  To  spatter  water, 

mud,  etc. 

. Spleen,  n.  Anger,  latent  spite, 

ill  humor. 

« Splen/did,  a . Showy,  magnifi- 

cent; illustrious,  heroic. 

Splice,  v.  To  unite  by  lapping 

the  two  ends  together. 


Split,  v.  To  divide  lengthwise; 
to  disunite. 

Spoil,  v.  To  plunder,  or  rob; 
to  mar.  * 

Spoke,  n.  A small  bar  inserted 
in  the  hub  of  a wheel. 

Spo-li-a/tion,  n.  Robbery,  dep- 
rivation. 

Sponge,  n.  The  elastic,  fibrous 
skeleton  of  a sea  animal;  onej 
who  lives  upon  others. 

Spon-ta'ne-ous,  a.  Willing, 
voluntary,  uncompelled. 

.Spook,  ?*.  A ghost,  an  appari- 
tion. 

SpoonTnl,  n.  The  quantity 
which  a spoon  contains. 

Spo-rad'ic,  a . Separate,  sin- 
gle. 

.Sport,  n.  Play,  frolic,  mirth, 
pastime. 

. Sportsman,  n.  One  who  fishes, 
hunts,  etc. 

.Sprain,  v.  To  overstrain  or 
stretch  injuriously. 

.Spread,  v.  To  publish;  to  ex- 
tend in  length  and  breadth; 
to  scatter. 

.Sprig,  n . A small  shoot  or 
twig. 

.Sprightly,  a.  Lively,  brisk, 
vigorous. 

.Spring,  v.  To  leap,  to  bound, 
to  jump. 

.Spring,  n.  Elastic  power  or 
force;  a source  of  supply;  a 
season  of  the  year;  a natural 
fountain. 

.Sprinkle,  v.  To  scatter  in 
small  drops  or  particles. 

.Spry,  a.  Nimble,  active;  hav- 
ing great  power  of  leaping  or 
running. 

.Spur,  n.  That  which  goads  to 
action. 

.Spurn,  v . To  reject  with  dis- 
dain. 

.Spy,  v.  To  discover  by  close 
search;  to  explore. 

. Squad,  n.  A small  party  of  men 
assembled  for  drill  or  other 
purpose. 

.SquaLid,  a.  Dirty  through 
neglect;  foul,  filthy. 

.Sqnall,  n.  A sudden,  violent 
gust  of  wind;  a loud  scream. 

.Squander,  v.  To  waste,  scat- 
ter, spend  lavishly. 

.Square,  n.  A parallelogram 
having  four  equal  sides  and 
four  right  angles. 


76 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


..Squeak,  v.  To  utter  a sharp, 

shrill  cry;  to  make  a sharp, 
disagreeable  noise. 

Squeal,  n.  A shrill,  sharp,  pro- 
longed cry. 

...Squeamish,  a.  Fastidious, 

easily  disgusted. 

. .Squeeze,  v.  To  press  between 

two  bodies;  to  crush. 

. Squib,  n.  A sarcastic  speech  or 

publication. 

>•.....* Squirrel,  n.  A small  rodent 
naving  a bushy  tail,  erect  ears, 
and  strong  hind  legs. 

* .Squirt,  v.  To  throw  out  in  a 

rapid  stream  from  a narrow 
orifice. 

Stab,  v.  To  pierce  with  a point- 
ed instrument;  to  injure  se- 
cretly or  by  falsehood,  etc. 

Stable,  a.  Fixed,  steady,  con- 
stant, firm. 

...Stable,  n . A building  for 

beasts  to  lodge  and  feed  in. 

Staff,  n.  A long  piece  of  wood, 

a stick. 

Stage,  n . An  elevated  plat- 
form; a degree  of  advance- 
ment in  a journey;  the  profes- 
sion of  representing  dramatic 
compositions. 

Stag/ger,  v.  To  reel  or  totter; 

to  waver  in  purpose. 

Stagnant,  a.  Motionless,  dull, 

not  flowing. 

Staid,  «.  Sober,  grave,  steady, 

regular. 

Stairs,  n.  A series  of  steps,  as 

for  passing  from  one  story  of 
a house  to  another. 

Stake,  n . A piece  of  wood 

to  be  driven  into  the  ground; 
that  which  is  laid  down  as  a 
wager. 

Stale,  a . Not  new,  not  fresh; 
vapid  or  tasteless  from  age. 

.....  .. . Stall,  n.  A stand,  a station,  a 
fixed  spot. 

...Stall,  v.  To  plunge  into  mire 

so  as  not  to  be  able  to  pro- 
ceed. 

StaPwart,  a . Brave,  bold, 

strong. 

..Stamp,  n.  A die;  an  official 

mark  showing  that  duty  has 
been  paid. 

..  .Stam-pede',  n.  A wild,  head- 
long running  away  of  a num- 
ber of  animals. 

Standi,  v.  To  stop  the  flowing 

of,  as  blood. 


Stanch,  a . Firm  in  principle*, 

loyal,  hearty. 

....... .Stand,  v . To  stop,  halt;  to  en- 
dure. 

....... .Standard,  n.  That  which  is 

established  as  a rule  or  model. 

....... .Stan'za,  n.  A number  of  lines 

forming  a division  of  a song 
or  poem. 

........  Stable,  n.  Principal  commod- 
ity of  traffic  in  a market. 

...... ..Star,  n.  A heavenly  body;  a 

person  of  brilliant  and  attract- 
ive qualities. 

........Stare,  n.  To  gaze,  to  look 

earnestly. 

........  Stark,  a.  Stiff,  rigid;  gross, 

downright. 

..  ....  . .Start,  v.  To  set  out,  to  com 
mence;  to  move  suddenly. 

....... .Startle,  v.  To  excite  by  sud 

den  alarm. 

....... .Starve,  v.  To  perish  with  hun- 
ger. 

........  State,  n.  Circumstances,  con- 
dition; rank,  quality;  a com- 
monwealth. 

........  State,  v . To  narrate,  recite, 

represent  fully  in  words. 

.... Statesman,  n.  A man  versed 

in  public  affairs. 

. , ...... Station,  n.  . Post  assigned,  of- 
fice; condition,  social  status; 
a stopping  place  for  railroad 
trains. 

........  Statue,  n.  A sculptured  like % 

ness  of  a living  being. 

........  Stature,  n.  The  natural  height 

of  an  animal  body. 

........Status,  n.  Condition,  state, 

position  of  affairs. 

........  Statute,  n.  A positive  law, 

act,  regulation. 

........Stave,  n.  One  of  the  strips 

which  form  a cask,  pail, 
etc. 

........Stay  (imp.  stayed ),  v.  To  re- 
main, stop,  stand  still. 

. • • . . . . . Stay,  n . That  which  serves  as 
a support,  a prop;  continuance 
in  a place. 

........Steadfast,  a.  Constant,  firm, 

resolute. 

, .......  Steady,  a . Fixed,  regular,  uni- 
form, undeviating. 

....... .Steak,  n.  A slice  of  beef  or  of 

the  meat  of  other  large  animal. 

....... .Steal,  v.  To  filch,  pilfer,  pur- 
loin. 

....... .SteaFthy,  a . Sly,  secret,  un- 

perceived. 


DEAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


77 


........  Steam,  n.  Mist  formed  by  con- 
densed vapor. 

Steed,  n.  A horse,  especially  a 

spirited  horse. 

Steel,  n.  A variety  of  iron 

intermediate  in  composition 
and  properties  between 
wrought  iron  and  cast  iron. 

..Steep,  v . To  soak  in  a liq- 
uid. 

........  Steep,  a.  Precipitous;  excess- 
ive. 

Steeple,  n.  A spire,  also  the 

tower  and  spire  taken  to- 
gether. 

* . ..... . Steer,  n.  A young  male  of  the 

ox  kind. 

0 . ..... . Steer,  v . To  direct  the  course 

of. 

*  Stem,  n.  The  principal  body  of 

a tree,  plant,  etc.;  the  main 
stock. 

........  Stencil,  n.  An  ill  smell,  an  of- 
fensive odor. 

Ste-nog'ra-pher,  n.  A writer 

of  shorthand. 

. 9 Ste-nog'ra-phy,  n.  The  art  of 

writing  in  shorthand. 

, Step,  v . To  walk,  to  go  on  foot; 

to  walk  a little  distance. 

Stepping-stone,  n.  A means 

of  progress  or  advancement. 

«••••••.  Ste're-o-type,  n.  A plate  form- 
ing an  exact  facsimile  of  a 
page  of  type  or  an  engraving. 

.. Sterling,  a.  Genuine,  pure,  of 

excellent  quality. 

Stem,  a.  Hard-hearted,  strict, 
forbidding. 

....... .Stem,  n.  The  hinder  part  of 

anything. 

Steward,  n.  A person  who 

manages  the  domestic  affairs 
of  a club,  hotel,  etc. ; the  fiscal 
agent  of  certain  bodies. 

••••....  Stickler,  n.  One  who  contends 
for  some  trifling  thing. 

Sti'fle,  v.  To  stop,  extinguish, 

suppress. 

. Stig'ma-tize,  v.  To  set  a mark 

of  disgrace  on. 

Stile,  n.  A step  or  set  of  steps 

for  going  over  a fence  or  wall. 

Stimulate,  v.  To  encourage, 

impel,  urge. 

•  Stin/gy,a.  Meanly  avaricious, 

niggardly,  miserly. 

Stint,  v.  To  restrain  within 
certain  limits. 

••••••  ..Stipend,  n.  Settled  pay  or 

compensation  for  services. 


........  Stip'u-late,  v.  To  bargain,  con* 

tract,  settle  terms. 

. . . .....  Stir,  v.  To  move,  incite,  awak- 
en, provoke. 

........  Stirrup,  n.  A piece  of  metal, 

wood,  or  leather  for  receiving 
the  foot  of  a rider. 

Stitch,  v . To  sew  or  unite  by 

stitches. 

........  Stock,  n.  The  strong,  firm  part 

of  a tree  or  plan— the  trunk; 
capital,  store,  supply;  domes- 
tic animals  or  beasts. 

•••• Stock'hold-er,  n.  A holder  of 

stock  in  public  or  corporation 
funds. 

Stocking,  n.  A covering  for 

the  foot  and  leg. 

........  Stom'ach,  n . An  enlargement 

in  the  anterior  part  of  the  ali- 
mentary canal,  in  which  food 
is  digested. 

• •••••..Stoop,  v.  To  bend  the  upper 

part  of  the  body  downward 
and  forward;  to  yield,  sub- 
mit; to  condescend. 

.... Stop,  v . To  obstruct,  hinder, 

suppress,  restrain. 

Store,  n.  Abundance,  supply; 

a place  where  goods  are  sold. 

• ••••••.Storm,  n.  A violent  disturb* 

ance  of  the  atmosphere;  a 
violent  outbreak. 

Sto'ry,  n.  A set  of  rooms  on 

the  same  floor;  a description 
of  past  events. 

Stout,  a.  Strong,  vigorous; 

bulky,  corpulent. 

Stow,  v.  To  arrange  in  a com- 
pact mass;  to  hide,  to  lodge. 

Straddle,  v.  To  stand  or  sit 

astride  of. 

• •••..«•  Strag/gler,  n.  One  who  rambles 

without  any  settled  direction. 

• ••••••. Straight,  a.  Not  crooked;  not 

deviating  from  truth  or  fair- 
ness. 

Strain,  v.  To  draw  with  force; 

to  injure  by  stretching. 

Strait,  a.  Not  broad;  difficult, 

distressful. 

Strait-laced,  a.  Rigid  in  opin- 
ion, strict  in  manners  or 
morals. 

Strand,  n . A string;  the  beach 

of  a sea,  ocean,  or  large  lake. 

Strange,  a.  Foreign,  new;  mar- 
velous, queer. 

........  Stran/ger,  n.  A foreigner;  one 

who  is  unknown  or  unac- 
quainted. 


78 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Strangle,  v.  To  stifle,  choke, 
or  suffocate. 

Strat7a-gem,  n.  Artifice,  decep- 
tive device,  secret  plot. 

•  Stratum,  n . A bed  of  earth  or 

rock  of  one  kind. 

Stray,  v.  To  wander,  as  from  a 

direct  course;  to  err,  deviate. 

•  Streak,  n.  A stripe,  a vein, 

a line  or  mark  of  different 
color  from  the  ground. 

•  Stream,  n.  Current  cf  water  or 

other  liquid;  flow,  tide,  course. 

•  Street,  n.  A thoroughfare  in  a 

city,  town,  or  village. 

•  Strength,  n.  Force,  support, 

spirit,  firmness. 

Stren7u-ous,  a.  Zealous,  ar- 
dent, earnest,  valiant. 

Stress,  n.  Press,  strain,  urgen- 
cy, importance. 

Stretch,  v.  To  draw  out  to  the 

full  length. 

^ . o . . . . Strew,  v . To  spread  by  scatter- 
ing; to  spread  abroad. 
Strict,  a.  Exact,  accurate;  rig- 
orous, severe. 

Stricture,  n.  Censure,  adverse 

criticism. 

Stride,  n.  A long  step,  the  space 

measured  by  a long  step. 

.Strife,  n.  Contest,  struggle, 

quarrel. 

Strike,  v.  To  come  in  collision 

with;  to  give,  as  a blow;  to  quit 
work  in  order  to  advance,  or 
prevent  a reduction  of,  wages. 
. . Stringent,  a.  Rigid,  severe,  re- 
strictive. 

•  Strip,  v.  To  deprive,  to  plun- 

der; to  remove,  as  clothing. 

•  Strive,  v.  To  contend,  struggle, 

endeavor. 

...Stroke,  n.  A blow;  a throb  or 

beat;  a sudden  affliction. 

Stroll,  n . A wandering  on  foot, 

a ramble. 

Strong,  a.  Vigorous,  powerful, 

solid,  firm. 

Structure,  n.  Arrangement  of 

parts  in  a substance  or  body; 
a building. 

Struggle,  v.  To  strive  or  make 

effort. 

•  Stubborn,  a . Obstinate,  head- 

strong. 

Stud,  n . An  ornamental  shirt 

button;  a short  rod  or  pin. 
Stu7dent,  n . A person  engaged 
in  study;  an  attentive  ob- 
server. 


.Stud7y,  n.  Mental  occupation; 

any  particular  branch  of 
learning  that  is  studied. 

Stuff7y,  a.  Ill-ventilated,  close, 

oppressive. 

StuPti-fy,  v . To  make  a fool 

of. 

Stumble,  v.  To  trip  in  walking 

or  in  moving  in  any  way  with 
the  legs;  to  err. 

Stump/age,  n.  Timber  in  stand- 
ing trees. 

Stun,  v.  To  render  senseless  by 

a blow;  to  astonish,  bewilder. 

Stunt,  n.  A feat  hard  to  per- 
form. 

. Stu-pen7dous,  a.  Wonderful, 

astonishing,  amazing. 

.Stupid,  a.  Simple,  dull,  want* 
ing  in  understanding. 

Stur7dy,  a . Strong,  firm,  ro 

bust. 

Sty,  Vu  A pen  for  swine;  a 

swelling  on  the  edge  of  the 
eyelid. 

Style,  n . Mode  of  expressing 

thought  in  language;  manner, 
fashion,  course. 

Suav'i-ty,  rc.  Pleasantness,  gen 

tleness. 

Sub-di-vide7,  v.  To  divide  the 

parts  of  anything  into  more 
parts. 

Sub-due7,  v . To  conquer,  over 

power,  overcome. 

. , - - * . Subject,  n . That  which  is  un 

der  authority  or  control  of 
something  else;  one  who  owes 
allegiance  to  a sovereign;  that 
which  is  brought  undeft 
thought  or  examination. 

Sub-join7,  v . To  add,  annes, 

join,  unite. 

Sub7ju-gate,  v.  To  conquer,. 

subdue. 

Sub-lime7,  a . Exalted,  lofty, 

noble. 

Sub-mit7,  v . To  yield,  surren 
der,  resign. 

Sub-or7di-nate,  a.  Placed  in  a 

lower  rank,  order,  or  class. 

Sub-orn7,  v . To  cause  to  take  a 

false  oath  amounting  to  per- 
jury. 

........  Sub-p<e7na,  n.  A writ  com- 
manding attendance  in 
court. 

Sub-scribe7,  v.  To  sign  one’s 

name  to  a document. 

Sub-serv7i-ent,  a.  Serving  to 

promote  some  end. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


79 


.. Sub-sid7i-a-ry,  a.  Auxiliary, 

helping,  tributary. 

....... Sub7si-dy,  n.  Tribute,  grant; 

support,  aid,  cooperation. 

Sub-sist7,  v.  To  be,  to  have  ex- 
istence, to  live. 

........  Substance,  n.  That  which  un- 
derlies all  outward  manifes- 
tations; body,  matter. 

Sub-stan7tial,  a.  Real,  solid, 

true. 

Sub-stan7ti-ate,  v.  To  verify, 

to  prove. 

Sub7sti-tute,  n.  One  who  or 

that  which  is  put  in  place  of 
another. 

Sub7ter-fuge,  n.  A shift,  an 

evasion. 

Sub7tle  (subtle),  a.  Artful, 

crafty,  cunning,  sly. 

Sub7urbj  n.  An  outlying  part 

of  a city  or  town. 

Sub-vert7,  v.  To  overturn, 

overthrow;  to  corrupt,  con- 
found. 

Suc-ceed7,  v . To  follow  in  or- 
der; to  be  successful. 

•  Suc-cinct7,  a . Brief,  concise, 

terse. 

Sud7den,  a.  Unexpected,  unu- 
sual. 

Sue,  v.  To  seek  justice  or  right 

from,  by  legal  process. 

. Suf-fPcient,  a . Ample,  enough, 

satisfactory. 

•  Suffrage,  n.  Vote,  assent;  the 

formal  expression  of  an 
opinion. 

Sug-gest7,  v . To  hint,  allude  to; 

to  propose. 

Suit,  n.  Attempt  to  gain  an  end 

by  legal  process;  several 
things  used  together. 

.••••••.Suite  (swet),  n.  A connected 

series  of  objects,  as  a suite  of 
rooms. 

•  Sul7try,  a.  Very  hot  and  moist, 

I oppressive. 

•  Sum,  n . The  aggregate  of  two 

or  more  numbers;  a quantity 
of  money. 

•  Sum7mon,  v.  To  call,  cite,  no- 

tify. 

• ••••...  Sum7mons,  n . A notice,  warn- 

ing, or  citation. 

•••••...  Sump7tu-ous,  a.  Splendid, 
magnificent,  luxurious. 

Sun7dry,  a.  More  than  one  or 

two. 

**?;?....Su-perto7,  a.  Grand,  magnifi- 
cent, stately. 


Su-per«er-o-ga7tion,  n . Per- 
formance of  more  than  duty 
or  necessity  requires. 

Su-per-fi7cial,  a . Not  deep  or 

profound. 

Su-per7flu-ous,  a.  Unneces- 
sary, useless. 

Su-per-in-tend7,  v.  To  oversee 

with  the  power  of  direction. 

Su-per-sede7,  v.  To  replace; 

to  be  placed  in  the  room  of. 

Su-per-sti7tious,  a.  Full  of  idle 

fancies  and  scruples. 

Su-pine7,  a.  Inattentive,  list* 

less,  heedless. 

Sup-plant7,  v.  To  remove,  dis- 
place, undermine. 

Sup7ple,  a.  Easily  bent,  yield- 
ing, soft. 

Sup7ple-ment,  v.  To  add  some- 
thing to. 

Sup7pli-ant,  a.  Entreating,  be- 
seeching. 

Sup-ply7,  v.  To  furnish,  pro- 
vide, minister,  yield. 

Sup-port7,  v.  To  maintain,  en- 
dure, patronize,  help,  etc. 

........  Sup-pose7,  v . To  imagine,  be- 
lieve, conclude,  regard. 

Sup-press7,  v.  To  restrain,  to 

put  down,  to  overthrow. 

Su7pra,  adv.  Over,  above,  be- 
fore. 

Su-preme7,  a.  Highest,  great- 
est. 

Sure,  a.  Certain,  unfailing, 

infallible. 

.., Sure7ty,  n.  One  who  is  bound 

with  and  for  a principal . 

SurTeit,  v.  To  fill  to  disgust; 

to  overfeed. 

Sur-mise7,  v.  To  infer  on  slight 

grounds. 

Sur-pass7,  v.  To  exceed,  outdo, 

excel. 

Sur7plus,  n . Remainder  when 

use  or  need  is  satisfied. 

Sur-ren7uer,  v.  To  yield  to  the 

power  of  another. 

Sur-round7,  v.  To  encompass, 

encircle,  hem  in. 

........ Sur-vey7,  v.  To  view  with  a 

scrutinizing  eye;  to  examine 
and  ascertain,  as  boundaries. 

Sus-cep7ti-ble,  a . Impressible, 

tender,  sensitive. 

Sus-pect7,  v . To  mistrust,  dis- 
trust; to  surmise. 

Sus-peud7,  v.  To  hang;  to  in- 
terrupt, delay,  hinder*  to  de- 
bar from  any  privilege. 


80 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


.» Sus-pibious,  a.  Jealous,  dis- 

trustful, doubtful. 

........ Sus-tain7,  v . To  support,  up- 
hold, assist,  relieve;  to  un- 
dergo. | 

• •......Swap  (swbp),  v . To  ex- 

change. 

• ••«..*.  Sway,  v.  To  rule,  govern,  in- 

fluence, wield. 

Swear,  v.  To  affirm  or  utter  a 

solemn  declaration. 

•  Swerve,  v.  To  depart  from  what 

is  established  by  law,  duty, 
custom,  etc. 

Swindle,  v.  To  cheat,  to  de- 
fraud grossly. 

• •••....Switch,  n.  A flexible  twig  or 

rod;  a movable  part  of  a 
rail  or  of  opposite  rails. 

Sword,  n . A weapon  having  a 

long,  sharp-pointed  blade. 

Syl'la-ble,  n . A part  of  a , 

word. 

T 

..... c .Table,  n.  A smooth,  flat  sur-  , 

face;  a scheme,  a schedule. 
........  Table,  v . To  postpone  consid-  , 

eration  of  (a  bill  or  measure) 
till  called  for,  or  indefinitely.  , 
«•••.••  .JFal/leau,  n.  A picture;  a vivid 
representation. 

•  Ta-boo',  v . To  forbid  or  forbid  , 

the  use  of. 

• ••.....  Tac'it,  a.  Implied,  but  not  ex-  , 

pressed. 

Tac'i-turn,  a.  Habitually  si-  , 

lent,  reserved. 

Tack,  n.  A small,  short,  sharp-  , 

pointed  nail. 

..Tacble,  n.  Apparatus  for  , 

raising  and  lowering  heavy 
weights;  hooks,  lines,  etc.,  for 
fishing. 

'.......Tacble,  v.  To  seize,  to  lay 

hold  of. 

..Tact,  n . Peculiar  skill  or  fac- 
ulty. 

Tactics,  n . Any  system  or  , 

method  of  procedure. 

.......  Tag.  n.  A direction  card,  or 

label. 

.••.....  Tall,  n . The  posterior  append- 
age of  an  animal. 

•  Tailor,  n.  One  who  cuts  out 

and  makes  men’s  garments. 
•••••••. Taint,  n . Infection,  corruption; 

stain,  disgrace. 

Take,  v.  To  obtain  possession 

of;  to  choose;  to  carry,  con- 
vey; to  lay  hold  of. 


Symbol,  n.  Anything  which  by 
resemblance  suggests  an  idea 
or  quality;  an  emblem,  a type. 

Sym/me-try,  n.  Due  proportion 
of  the  several  parts  of  a body 
to  each  other. 

,Sym/pa-thy,  n.  Fellow-feeling, 
pity,  compassion,  condolence. 

Symplom,  n . A sign  or  to- 
ken. 

Synb-gogue,  n.  A Jewish 
house  of  worship. 

Synbi-cate,  n.  An  association 
of  persons  to  carry  out  a 
financial  or  industrial  project. 

Synbd,  n . An  ecclesiastical 
council. 

Syn-on'y-mous,  a.  Expressing 
the  same  thing;  identical. 

Syn-opbis,  n . An  abstract, 
abridgment,  epitome. 

Sy  slem,  n.  Regular  method  or 
order. 


.Tale,  n.  Narrative,  discourse, 
statement,  story. 

.Talbnt,  n.  Mental  endowment 
or  capacity;  ability,  skill. 

.Talesbian,,  n.  A person  called 
to  make  up  a deficiency  in  the 
number  of  jurors. 

.Talk,  v.  To  utter  words;  to 
confer. 

.Tall,  a.  High  in  stature;  long 
and  comparatively  slender. 

.Tally*  v . To  suit,  to  be  fitted, 
to  correspond;  to  score. 

.Talbn,  n.  The  claw  of  a bird 
of  prey. 

.Tame,  a . Domesticated,  gentle; 
mild,  meek. 

.Tamper,  v.  To  meddle;  to  use 
bribery. 

.Tan,  n.  A yellowish-brown 
color. 

,Tan,  v.  To  convert  into  leather; 
to  make  brown. 

.Tanbem,  n.  A team  of  horses 
hitched  one  after  the  other. 

.Tan'gi-ble.  a . Perceptible  to 
the  toucn;  readily  apprehen- 
sible by  the  mind. 

, Tangle,  n.  A knot  of  threads 
or  other  things  united  confus- 
edly. 

.Tanla-lize,  v.  To  tease,  vex, 
irritate. 

.Tania- mount,  a.  Equivalent 

in  value,  signification,  or  ef- 
fect. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


81 


«a  ® * 


. Tap,  v.  To  strike  a gentle  blow; 
to  pierce  so  as  to  draw  off  a 
fluid. 

. Ta'per , n.  A small  wax  candle ; 
a small  light. 

. Ta7per,  v.  To  become  gradually 
smaller  toward  one  end. 

.Ta'pis,  n.  Tapestry.  On  the 
tapis : Under  consideration. 

.Ta-ran'tu-la,  n.  A large,  ven- 
omous spider. 

. Tar'dy,  a.  Not  punctual;  late; 
slow. 

.Tare,  n . A weed  that  grows 
among  wheat  and  other  grain. 

.Target,  n.  A mark  to  shoot  at 
for  practice. 

.Tariff,  n.  A system  of  duties 
imposed  by  a government 
upon  goods  imported  or  ex- 
ported; any  system  of  rates, 
etc. 

.Tarnish,  v.  To  sully,  stain, 
dim;  to  lose  brightness. 

.Tar'ry,  v.  To  stay  or  remain 
behind. 

.Tart,  a.  Sharp  to  the  taste; 
keen,  severe. 

.Task,  n.  Work,  labor,  employ- 
ment. 

Tassel,  n . The  flower  of  some 
plants;  a pendent  ornament. 

Taste,  n.  Savor,  relish,  flavor; 
critical  judgment,  discern- 
ment. 

.Tas'ty,  a . Being  in  conformity 
to  the  principles  of  good 
taste. 

TaFter,  v.  To  rend  or  tear 
into  rags. 

TaFtle,  v.  To  communicate  se- 
crets, to  be  a talebearer. 

Tat-to(F.  n.  A military  signal; 
a mark  made  in  the  skin  by 
puncturing  and  introducing 
some  pigment  into  the  punc- 
tures. 

Taunt®  v . To  deride,  ridicule, 
mock. 

Taut,  a.  Tight,  not  slack;  snug, 
secure. 

Tau-toFo-gy,  n.  Repetition  of 
the  samemeaning  in  different 
words. 

Tavern,  n • An  inn,  a hotel;  a 
public  house  licensed  to  sell 
liquor. 

Tax,  n.  A charge  laid  upon 
persons  or  property  for  the 
support  of  a government; 
duty,  toll. 


.Tea,  n.  Prepared  leaves  of  a 
shrub;  the  evening  meal. 

.Teach,  v.  To  instruct,  inform, 
counsel. 

.Team,  n.  Two  or  more  animals 
harnessed  to  the  same  vehicle; 
a gang. 

.Tear  (teer),  n.  A drop  of  limpid 
fluid  secreted  by  the  lachry- 
mal gland  and  diffused  be- 
tween the  eye  and  the  eyelids. 

.Tear  (tare),  v.  To  separate  by 
violence. 

.Tease,  v . To  vex,  harass,  an- 
noy, irritate. 

. TeclFnic,  n.  Artistic  execution, 
method  of  performance  in  any 
art. 

. Tech-noFo»gy,  n . Industrial 
science. 

Te'di-ous,  a.  Wearisome,  fa- 
tiguing. 

.Teem,  v.  To  abound,  to  be 
stocked  to  overflowing. 

Tee-t<Ftal-er,  n.  One  pledged 
to  entire  abstinence  from  in- 
toxicating drinks. 

. TeFe-gram,  n.  A message  sent 
by  telegraph. 

.Te-leg'ra-phy,  n.  The  science 
of  constructing,  or  of  commu- 
nicating by  means  of,  tele- 
graphs. 

TeFe-phone,  n.  An  instrument 
for  reproducing  articulate 
speech  at  a distance. 

TeFe-scope,  n.  An  instrument 
used  in  viewing  distant  ob- 
jects. 

TeFe-scope,  v . To  come  into 
collision,  as  railway  cars,  in 
such  manner  that  one  runs 
into  another. 

Tell,  v.  To  communicate,  in-< 
form,  reveal,  disclose,  recite. 

TelFing,  a.  Effective,  opera- 
ting with  great  effect. 

Te-meFi-ty,  n.  Rashness,  heed- 
lessness. — / 

TenFper,  v.  To  soften,  soothe, 
calm. 

TenFper,  n.  Disposition,  hu- 
mor, mood. 

TenFper-ance,  n.  Moderation 
in  indulgence  of  passions  and 

of 

TenFpest,  n.  A furious  storm; 
agitation,  tumult,  commo- 
tion. 


appetites. 

Tenrper-a-ture,  n. 

heat  or  cold. 


Degree 


6 


82 


deaughon’s  practical  speller. 


.Tem'po-ral,  a . Pertaining  to 
time  or  this  world,  secular; 
transient,  fleeting. 

. Tem/po-ra«ry,  a . Lasting  for  a 
time  only. 

.Tem'po-rize,  v.  To  comply 
with  the  time  or  occasion. 

.Tempt,  v . To  entice,  allure,  at- 
tract, decoy. 

.Ten'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of  being 
held,  maintained,  or  defended. 

.Te-na'cious,  a.  Holding  fast; 
obstinate,  stubborn. 

.Ten'an-cy,  n.  A holding,  or  a 
mode  of  holding,  an  estate. 

.Ten'ant,  n.  One  who  holds 
lands  by  any  kind  of  right, 
for  life,  for  years,  or  at  will. 

.Tend,  v . To  guard,  to  look 
after;  to  move  in  a certain  di- 
rection. 

Tend'en-cy,  n.  Disposition,  in- 
clination. 

Tender,  v.  To  offer  in  pay- 
ment or  satisfaction  of  a de- 
mand; to  offer  in  words. 

Tender,  a . Delicate,  soft,  sen- 
sitive; kind,  humane. 

, Tenement,  n.  A dwelling 
house. 

Ten'et,  n.  Dogma,  doctrine, 
opinion,  principle. 

,Ten/or,  n.  General  tendency, 
course;  the  higher  of  the  two 
kinds  of  male  voices. 

Tense,  a.  Strained  to  stiffness; 
stretched  tightly. 

Tent,  n.  A portable  canvas 
habitation. 

Ten'ta-tive,  a . Experimental, 
essaying. 

Tenure,  n.  The  act  or  right  of 
holding,  as  property,  espe- 
cially real  estate. 

Tep'id,  a.  Moderately  warm, 
lukewarm. 

Term,  n.  Limit,  boundary; 
any  limited  time;  condition, 
stipulation;  word,  expression. 

Ter'mi-nal,  n.  Termination, 
extremity. 

Ter'mi-nate,  v.  To  end,  to 
close. 

Ter'mi-nus,  n.  A border,  a 
limit. 

.Ter-res'tri-al,  a.  Existing  on 
the  earth,  earthly. 

.Ter'ri-ble,  a . Dreadful,  fearful, 
horrible. 

.Ter'ri-fy,  v.  To  frighten,  to 
alarm  or  shock. 


..Ter'ri-to-ry,  n.  A region, 

country,  district. 

..Terror,  n.  Extreme  fear;  a 
cause  of  extreme  fear. 

..Terse,  a.  Concise,  compact; 
free  of  superfluous  words. 

..Test,  n.  Proof,  experiment, 
trial;  criterion,  standard. 

. .Tes'ta-ment,  n.  A will;  one  of 
the  divisions  of  the  IJible. 

. .Testate,  a . Having  made  and 
left  a will. 

. .Tes'ti-fy,  v.  To  give  testimony; 
to  affirm  or  declare  under 
oath. 

. .Tes'ti-mo-ny,  n.  Affirmation, 
declaration;  evidence,  proof. 

. .TSte-a-tSte',  n.  Private  con- 
versation. 

..Tetter,  v . To  confine,  as  an 
animal,  with  a long  rope  or 
chain. 

. .Te'trarch,  n.  A petty  king  or 
sovereign. 

. . Text,  n . The  original  words  of 
an  author;  a verse  or  passage 
of  Scripture;  theme,  topic. 

. .Text'-book,  n.  A manual  of  in- 
struction, a schoolbook. 

, .Tex/ture,  n . A woven  fabric; 
structure. 

. . Thank,  v.  To  express  gratitude 
to  for  a favor. 

. .Thanks'giv-ing,  n.  The  act  of 
rendering  thanks;  public  ac- 
knowledgment of  divine 
goodness. 

..Thaw,  v.  To  melt,  dissolve, 
or  become  fluid. 

. .The'a-ter,  n.  An  edifice  in 
which  dramatic  performances 
are  exhibited. 

..Theft,  n.  The  act  of  stealing, 
larceny. 

. .Theme,  n>  A subject  or  propo- 
sition for  discussion. 

. . The'o-crat,  n.  One  who  in  civil 
affairs  conforms  to  divine  law. 

. .The-oFo-gy,  n.  The  science  of 
God  or  of  religion. 

. . The'o-ry,  n.  Hypothesis,  spec- 
ulation. 

. .Therefore,  conj.  and  adv.  For 
that  or  this  reason. 

. .Ther-mom'e-ter,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  measuring  tempera- 
ture. 

. .The/sis,  n.  An  essay  or  disser- 
tation. 

..Thief,  n.  One  who  steals,  a 
robber. 


83 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Think,  v.  To  expect,  guess, 
ponder,  imagine,  reflect,  sup- 
pose, believe. 

.......  ^Thirst,  n.  A sensation  of  dry- 
ness in  the  throat,  with  a 
craving  for  liquids. 

Thistle  (fchls^l),  n.  A prickly 

plant. 

Thorough,  a . Complete,  per- 
fect. 

Thorough-fare,  n.  A public 

road;  a frequented  street. 

Though,  conj . Granting,  ad- 
mitting, or  supposing  that. 

Thrash,  v.  To  beat  out  grain 

from  straw  or  husks. 

Thread,  n.  A small  twist  of 

fibrous  substance  drawn  out 
to  considerable  length. 

Threaten,  v.  To  utter  threats 

against;  to  indicate  as  im- 

Thrift,  nf  Economy,  good  hus- 
bandry, prosperity. 

........  Thrill,  v . To  pierce,  to  pene- 
trate; to  cause  to  have  a tin- 
gling sensation. 

Thrive,  v . To  prosper  by  in- 
dustry, economy,  good 
management;  tofloi  r^h. 

Throne,  n . A royal  seat;  sov- 
ereign power  and  dignity. 

...Throng,  n . A great  multi- 
tude. 

........Throstle,  v.  To  choke,  to 

strangle. 

..Through,  prep.  From  end  to 

end  of. 

..5..... Throw,  v . To  fling,  cast,  or 
hurl. 

..Thrust,  v . To  push  or  drive 
with  force;  topierce. 

.Thun'der,  n.  Tne  sound  which 

follows  a flash  of  lightning. 

. . . . * . o .Thwart,  v.  To  oppose,  to  frus- 
trate or  defeat. 

• . « . * . . Tick,  n . A blood-sucking  mite ; 
the  cover,  or  case,  of  a bed; 
the  beat  of  a clock  or  watch. 

j • Ticket,  n.  A small  piece  of 

j cardboard  used  as  a token  of 

' something. 

Tide,  n.  The  alternate  rising 

* and  falling  of  the  waters  of 

the  ocean,  etc. 

• . * * v 4 « . TFdings,  n.  N ews,  information, 
intelligence. 

«•««**.. Tie,  n.  An  obligation;  an 
equality  in  numbers. 

..Tile,  n.  A plate  or  thin  piece 
of  baked  clay. 


TUI,  n.  A money  drawer  in  a 
shop  or  store. 

Till,  prep.  To,  up  to,  as  far  as, 
until. 

Till,  v.  To  cultivate  land;  to 
farm. 

, Tim/her,  n.  Trees,  either  felled 
or  standing. 

Timely,  a.  Seasonable;  suffi- 
ciently early. 

.Time'serv-er,  n . One  who 

adapts  his  opinions  and  man- 
ners to  the  times. 

.Tim'id,  a.  Easily  frightened; 
shy,  retiring. 

.Tincture,  v.  To  tinge;  to  give 
a slight  foreign  color  to. 

.Tinge,  v.  To  color,  to  dye,  to 
stain. 

.Tingle,  v.  To  feel  a kind  of 
thrilling  sensation. 

.ThFsel,  n.  Something  shining 
and  gaudy. 

.Tint,  n.  A slight  coloring,  a 
pale  or  faint  tinge  of  any  color. 

.TFny,  a.  Very  small,  little, 
puny. 

,Tip/sy,  a . Staggering,  as  if  from 
intoxication;  intoxicated. 

.Ti-rade7,  n.  An  oration  of  cen- 
sure or  abuse. 

.Tire,  n.  A hoop  or  band 
around  a wheel. 

.Tire,  v.  To  weary,  fatigue,  ex- 
haust. 

.Tithe,  n . The  tenth  part  of 
anything. 

.TFtle,  n.  An  inscription;  a 
name,  a designation;  a right; 
the  instrument  which  is  evi- 
dence of  a right. 

.Toast,  n.  Bread  dried  and 
browned;  a sentiment. 

.Toil,  v.  To  labor,  to  work,  to 
exert  strength  with  pain  and 
fatigue  of  body. 

.To'ken,  n.  A memento,  a sou- 
venir; a sign,  a symbol. 

.ToFer-a-Me,  a . Capable  of  be- 
ing endured;  moderately  good 
or  agreeable. 

.ToFer-ate,  v.  To  put  up  with, 
to  suffer  to  be  or  to  be 
done. 

.Toll,  v.  To  ring,  as  a bell,  with 
strokes  uniformly  repeated  at 
intervals. 

•Toll,  n.  A tax  paid  for  some 
liberty  or  privilege. 

.Tomb,  n.  A grave,  a sepul- 
cher. 


84 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Ton,  n.  The  weight  of  twenty 

hundredweight. 

# Tone,  n . Character  of  a sound; 

tenor,  spirit. 

. Too,  adv0  Also,  likewise;  over, 

more  than  enough. 

Tool,  n . Any  instrument  of 

use  or  service. 

........ Top'ic,  n.  A subject;  matter, 

point,  head. 

> Top'sy-tnr'vy,  adv . Upside 

down. 

*•0... .Torment,  n.  Extreme  pain, 
anguish. 

? Tor-na'do,  n . A violent  whirl- 

ing wind. 

***.  ....Tor-pe'do,  n.  An  engine  or 
machine  for  destroying  ships 
by  blowing  them  up;  a kind 
of  firework. 

*  Tort,  n.  Any  civil  wrong  or  in- 

jury. 

.Torture,  n . Pang,  agony,  tor- 
ment. 

..Toss,  v . To  throw  with  the 

hand;  to  cause  to  rise  and 
fall. 

To/tal,  n.  The  whole  sum  or 

amount. 

......ooTouch,  v . To  perceive  by  the 

sense  of  feeling;  to  come  in 
contact  with. 

Tough,  a . Firm,  strong,  not 

easily  broken. 

........  Tour,  n.  A journey,  an  excur- 
sion. 

Tow,  v . To  draw  or  pull 

through  the  water. 

....... cTo'ward,  prep . In  the  direc- 
tion of. 

Tow'er,  n.  A structure  ap- 
pended to  a larger  edifice  for 
a special  purpose. 

=>» Toy,  n.  A plaything  for  chil- 

dren. 

00..... .Trace,  n . Vestige,  mark,  token; 

course,  path. 

Track,  n . A mark  or  impres- 
sion left  by  the  foot,  or  dv  a 
vehicle,  etc.;  the  rails  of  a 
railroad. 

.Tract,  n . A quantity  of  land 
or  water;  a short  treatise. 

Tract'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing easily  led,  taught,  or 
managed. 

Trade,  n . Commerce,  traffic, 

barter;  profession,  occupa- 
tion. 

® 8®  » .Tra-di'tion,  n.  Custom  or  prac- 
tice long  observed. 


.Tra-dnce',  v.  To  rilify,  de- 
fame, slander. 

.Traffic,  n . Interchange  of 

goods  and  commodities. 

TraFfick-er,  n.  A trader,  a 
merchant. 

.Trag'e-dy,  n . A fatal  and 

mournful  event;  a drama  rep- 
resenting the  sad  or  terrible 
phases  of  character  and  life. 

.Train,  v.  To  exercise,  educate, 
discipline. 

, Train,  n.  That  which  is  drawn 
along  in  the  rear  of,  or  after; 
a connected  line  of  cars  on  a 
railroad. 

Trait,  n.  A peculiarity,  a dis- 
tinguishing or  marked  fea- 
ture. 

Trap  tor,  n.  One  who  betrays 
any  confidence  or  trust. 

.Tramp,  n.  A foot  journey;  a 
foot  traveler. 

Tran-quil'li-ty,  n.  Calmness, 
composure. 

, Trans-act',  v.  To  do,  perform, 
manage. 

.Trans-ac'tion,  n.  Proceeding, 
process,  action;  the  perform- 
ing of  any  business. 

Tran-scend'ent,  a . Surpassing 
others;  very  excellent. 

Tran-scribe',  v.  To  copy;  to 
write  over. 

Trans-fer',  v.  To  convey,  give, 
sell. 

.Trans-gress',  v.  To  break  or 
violate,  as  a law. 

.Transient,  a.  Brief,  passing, 
fleeting. 

Trans 'it,  n.  Passage  through 
or  over. 

.Trans-late',  v.  To  render  into 
another  language;  to  trans- 
fer. 

.Trans-mit',  v.  To  send  from 
one  person  or  place  to  another. 

.Trans-par'ent,  a.  Admitting 
the  passage  of  light. 

Trans-port  , v.  To  remove,  to 
convey;  to  carry  away  with 
emotion. 

Trans-pose',  v.  To  exchange 
in  respect  of  position. 

Tra-peze',  n, . A swinging  hor- 
izontal bar. 

Trav'el,  v.  To  journey,  pass, 
move,  go. 

Trav'es-ty,  n.  A burlesquo 
translation  or  imitation  of  a 
work. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


85 


Tread,  v.  To  step;  to  crush 
under  the  foot. 

Treason,  n.  Betrayal  of  any 
trust  or  confidence. 

Treas'ure,  n.  Wealth  accumu- 
lated. 

Treat,  v.  To  handle;  to  bear 
one’s  self  toward;  to  discourse 
on;  to  entertain  with  food  or 
drink;  to  care  for  medici- 
nally. 

Tre-men'dous*  a.  Dreadful, 
terrible,  awful. 

Trench,??.  To  encroach;  to  cut 
furrows  or  ditches  in. 

Trend,  n . Tendency,  general 
direction. 

Trespass,  ??.  To  intrude,  of- 
fend, transgress. 

TrFal,  n.  Test;  attempt;  ex- 
amination, before  a compe- 
tent tribunal,  of  a matter  at 
issue. 

Tri-buTial,  n.  A court,  or  fo- 
rum. 

Trib'u-ta-ry,  a . Subject,  sub- 
ordinate, inferior. 

Tribute,  n.  Contribution  of 
money,  praise,  or  service. 

Trick,  n.  A cunning  contriv- 
ance; mischievous  behavior. 

Trifle,  n.  A thing  of  little 
value  or  importance. 

Trim,  a.  Neat,  fair;  in  good 
order,  or  ready  for  service. 

TrFo  (tri'o  or  tre'o),  n.  Three 
united ; a composition  for  three 
parts  or  three  instruments. 

.Trite,  a.  Worn  out,  common, 
hackneyed,  stale. 

.Triumph,  n.  Victory;  success 
causing  joy. 

.Triv'i-al,  a . Of  little  worth  or 
importance. 

.TroFIey,  n.  A truck  which 
travels  along  the  fixed  con- 
ductors and  forms  the  connec- 
tion between  them  and  the 
trolley  car. 

.Trophy,  n.  A memorial  of  vic- 
tory. 

.Trouble,  n . Affliction,  misery, 
disturbance. 

.Tru'ant,  n.  An  idler,  a shirk, 
a loiterer;  one  who  stays  out 
of  school  without  leave. 


Truce,  n . A temporary  cessa- 
tion of  hostilities,  for  negotia* 
tion  or  other  purpose. 

True,  a.  Conformable  to  fact; 
right;  actual,  pure,  real. 

Trunk,  n.  Stock,  stalk;  body 
of  an  animal,  apart  from  head 
and  limbs;  a chest  for  con- 
taining clothes. 

.Trust,  n . Confidence,  belief, 
expectation;  an  organization 
for  regulating  the  supply  and 
price  of  commodities. 

.Trus-tee',  n . A person  to 
whom  property  is  legally  com- 
mitted in  trust. 

.Try,  v.  To  attempt,  endeavor; 
to  examine,  test;  to  subject  to 
severe  trial. 

.Tug,  n.  A small  steamboat;  a 
supreme  effort. 

.Tuhnult,  n.  Uproar,  disturb- 
ance, disorder. 

.Tunnel,  n . An  artificial  pas- 
sage or  archway. 

.Tur'bu-lent,  a.  Disturbed,  agi- 
tated. 

.Turn,  v.  To  give  circular  mo- 
tion to;  to  reverse  the  posi- 
tion of. 

. Tush,  n.  A long,  pointed  tooth; 
a tusk. 

.Tu'te-lage,  n.  Guardianship, 
protection. 

.Tu'tor,  n.  One  who  instructs 
students. 

.TwFligkt,  n.  Light  perceived 
before  the  rising,  and  after 
the  setting,  of  the  sun. 

.Twist,  v . To  contort,  compli- 
cate, crook  spirally. 

.Twit,  v.  To  taunt,  upbraid,  re- 
proach. 

.Type,  n.  Emblem,  stamp,  sym- 
bol, token;  a raised  letter, 
figure,  etc. 

oTyplc-al,  a . Representing 
something  by  a form,  model, 
or  resemblance. 

.Ty-pog'ra-pky.  n.  The  art  of 
printing  witn  types. 

.Tyr'an-ny,  n . Cruel  govern- 
ment or  discipline. 

.Tyfro*  n.  One  who  is  in  the 
rudiments  of  any  branch  of 
study — a novice. 


86 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


u 


U-biq7ui-tous,  a . Being  every- 
where at  the  same  time. 

.Ug7ly,  a.  Unsightly,  repulsive; 

unpleasant,  disagreeable. 

........ Ul-te7ri-or,  Farther,  more 

distant. 

UFti-mate,  a.  Final,  conclu- 
sive; farthest. 

XJl-ti-ma7tum,  n.  A final  prop- 
osition, concession,  or  con- 
dition. 

UFtra,  a . Extreme,  fanatical, 

uncompromising. 

Umbrage*  n.  Shade,  shadow; 

suspicion  of  injury  or  wrong. 

.Um-breFla,  n . A shade  or 

screen  carried  in  the  hand  for 
sheltering  the  person  from  the 
rays  of  the  sun,  from  rain, 
snow,  etc. 

Umpire,  n.  Judge,  arbitrator, 

referee. 

TJn-.  A prefix  signifying  the 

negative,  or  contrary. 

Un-a-duFter-a-ted,  a . Pure; 

not  adulterated. 

U-nan7i-mous,  a.  Having  the 

agreement  and  consent  of  all. 

Un-a-void7a-ble,  a . Inevitable, 

necessary. 

Un-a- wares7,  adv.  Without  de- 
sign or  preparation. 

Un-be-c©m7ing,  a.  Unsuitable, 

unfit,  improper. 

Un-be-lief\  n . Doubt,  skepti- 
cism, disbelief. 

Un-bFased,  a . Unprejudiced, 

impartial. 

Un-can7ny,  a.  Strange,  weird, 

ghostly. 

Un-cer7tain,  a . Distrustful,  ir- 

resolute,  inconstant. 

Un-char7i-ta-ble,  a.  Harsh, 

censorious. 

Un7cle,  n.  The  brother  of  one’s 

father  or  mother. 

........Un-clean7,  a . Dirty,  filthy; 

morally  impure. 

Un-com7mon,  a . Unusual,  in- 
frequent; remarkable. 

Un-com7pro-mi-sing,  a.  Obsti- 
nate, unyielding. 

Un-con7scion-a-ble,  a.  Unrea- 
sonable, extravagant,  inordi- 
nate. 

Un-con7scions,  a . Not  know- 
ing or  regarding. 
,Un-con-vert7ed,  a.  Unregener- 
ate, sinful. 


Un-couth7,  a . Odd,  awkward, 

strange. 

Un-cov^er,  v.  To  disclose,  to 

reveal;  to  take  the  cover 
from. 

Unc7tion,  n.  Anything  sooth- 
ing. 

Un-de-ni7a-ble,  a . Indispu- 
table, obvious. 

Un7der,  prep.  Below  or  lower 

in  place  or  position. 

Un-der-bid7,  v.  To  bid  less 

than. 

Un-der-go7,  v.  To  be  subjected 

to;  to  bear  up  against;  to  en- 
dure. 

Un7der-hand,  a.  Secret,  mean* 

unfair. 

Un-der-lay7,  v.  To  raise  by 

something  laid  under. 

Un7der-ling,  n.  An  inferior 

person  or  agent. 

..Un-der-mine7,  v.  To  excavate 

earth  beneath  to  cause  it  to 
fall;  to  ruin  in  an  underhand 
way. 

Un-der-score7,  v.  To  draw  a 

mark  or  line  under. 

Un-der-selF,  v.  To  sell  cheaper 

than. 

Un-der-stand7,  v.  To  compre- 
hend, to  know. 

Un-der-stand7ing,  n.  Sense, 

perception,  intelligence. 

Un7der-stud-y,  n.  One  who 

studies  another’s  part  with  a 
view  to  assuming  it  in  an 
emergency. 

Un-der-take7,  v.  To  take  upon 

one’s  self;  to  enter  upon,  en- 
gage in. 

..Un-oer-tak7er,  n.  A manager 

of  funerals. 

Un-der-vaFue,  v.  To  esteem 

lightly;  to  depreciate. 

Un'der-world,  n.  The  lower 

world;  Hades, 

Un7der-writ-er.  n.  One  who 

underwrites  nis  name  to  the 
conditions  of  an  insurance 
policy. 

Un-di»vid7ed,  a.  Whole,  con- 
tinuous. 

.Un-do7?  v.  To  bring  to  naught, 

to  ruin;  to  unfasten,  untie. 

Un-due7,  a.  Immoderate,  ex- 
cessive. 

Un7du-la-ted,  a.  Having  a 

wavy  surface. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


87 


Un-earth',  v . To  bring  to  light, 

to  disclose. 

....... Un-eas'y,  a . Restless,  dis- 
quieted. 

Un-e'qual,  a . Not  matched; 

partial,  unjust,  unfair. 

..Un-fail'ing,  a . Not  liable  to 

fail;  certain,  sure. 

Un-fair',  a.  Unjust,  dishon- 
est. 

Un-faith'ful,  a.  Violating  trust 

or  confidence, 

Un-feigned',  a.  Real,  sincere. 

genuine. 

Un-for'tu-nate,  a.  Unsuccess- 
ful, unlucky;  unhappy. 

. .A. . . Un-found'ed,  a.  Baseless,  vain, 
idle. 

Un-gain'ly,  a.  Clumsy,  awk- 
ward. 

Un-god'ly,  a.  Wicked,  sinful, 

disobedient  to  God. 

Un-hap'py,  a.  Miserable, 

wretched,  sorrowful. 

Un-ho'ly,  a . Profane,  wicked, 

impious. 

U'ni-form,  a . Haying  always 

the  same  form,  manner,  or 
degree. 

U'ni-form,  n.  A dress  of  a par- 
ticular style  or  fashion  worn 
by  persons  in  the  same  service. 

U-ni-f orm'i-ty,  n.  Consistency, 


sameness. 

U'ni-fy,  v . To  unite,  to  make 

into  a unit. 

. . . . . Un-im-peach'a-ble,  a.  I r r e - 

proachable,  blameless. 

Un'ion,  n . Junction,  coalition, 

combination;  harmony,  con- 
cord; confederacy. 

U-nique',  a . Unparalleled,  un- 
matched, unequaled. 

U'nit,  n . A single  thing  or 

person. 

U-nite',  v.  To  add,  join,  an- 
nex. 

U'ni-ty,  n . Oneness;  concord, 

harmony. 

U-ni-ver'sal,  a.  General,  all, 

whole,  total. 

U'ni- verse,  n . The  world,  cre- 
ation. 


U-ni-ver'si-ty,  n.  An  institu- 
tion for  imparting  instruc- 
tion, with  power  to  confer  de- 
grees. 

— .....Un-just7,  a . Contrary  to  jus- 
tice and  right. 

* .Un-learn',  v.  To  lose  from 

memory. 


(.Un-less',  conj.  If  not,  if  it  be 
not,  were  it  not  that,  except. 

. . Un-like'ly,  a.  Improbable;  un- 
promising. 

, .Un-man',  v.  To  dishearten;  to 
make  womanish. 

, .Un-nerve',  v . To  weaken,  to 
enfeeble. 

. Un-ques'tioned,  a.  Not  doubt- 
ed; indisputable. 

,.Un-read'?  a.  Not  read,  or  pe- 
rused; illiterate. 

.Un-rea'son-a-ble,  a.  Irrational, 
immoderate,  exorbitant. 

. .Un-search'a-ble,  a.  Hidden, 
mysterious. 

. .Un-seem'ly,  a.  Unbecoming, 
indecent. 

. .Un-sta'ble,  a.  Not  firm,  fixed, 
or  constant. 

..Un-tie',  v . To  loosen,  to  dis- 
engage the  parts  of. 

. .Un-til',  prep.  To,  up  to,  be- 
fore. 

. .Un-til',  conj . As  far  as,  to  the 
place  or  degree  that. 

. .Un-time'ly,  a.  Inopportune, 
premature,  unseasonable. 

, .Un-tram'meled,  a.  Not  ham- 
pered or  impeded. 

. . Un-n'sn-al,  a.  Uncommon, 
rare. 

. .Un-wa'ry,  a.  Careless,  heed- 
less; not  vigilant  against  dan- 
ger. 

. .Un-wis'dom,  n.  Folly,  simplic- 
ity, ignorance* 

. .Un-wor'thy,  a . Undeserving, 
worthless. 

. .Up,  adv.  Aloft,  on  high,  above, 

etc. 

..Up-braid',  v.  To  reproach, 
olame,  censure. 

. .Up'hill,  a.  Attended  with  la- 
bor, difficult. 

. .Up-hold',  v.  To  support,  sus- 
tain, maintain. 

..Up'land,  n . High  land;  land 
that  is  generally  dry. 

. .Up'per-most,  a.  Highest  in 
place,  rank,  power,  etc. 

. .Up'right,  a.  In  an  erect  posi- 
tion; honest,  just. 

..Uproar,  n . Great  tumult, 
noisy  confusion. 

. .Up-set',  v . To  overturn,  over- 
throw. 

. .Up'ward,  adv . In  a direction 
from  lower  to  higher. 

. .Ur'ban,  a.  Pertaining  to  a city 
or  town. 


88 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Urchin,  n.  A pert  or  roguish 

boy.  . , . 

....... .Urge,  v . To  incite,  impel,  stim- 
ulate, encourage. 

Urn,  n.  A vessel,  usually  hav- 
ing the  form  of  a vase. 

Us/age,  n . Custom,  habitual 

use,  method. 

. Use  (us),  n.  Application,  em- 

ployment. 

Use  (uz),  v.  To  make  use  of,  to 

put  to  a purpose. 

* UslPer,  n . One  who  escorts 

persons  to  seats  in  a church, 
theater,  etc. 

.U'su-al,  a . Customary,  ordi- 
nary, common. 

U-surp/,  v . To  arrogate,  assume. 


U'su-ry,  n . Interest  in  excess 
of  a legal  rate  charged  to  a 
borrower  for  the  use  of  money. 

U-ten'sil,  n.  A vessel  used  in 
a kitchen. 

.U-tiPi-ty,  n.  Usefulness,  serv- 
ice, profit,  benefit. 

U'til-ize,  v.  To  turn  to  profit 
able  account  or  use. 

.Ut'most,  a . Extreme,  most 

distant,  greatest. 

,U-to/pi-a,  n . Any  place  or 

state  of  ideal  perfection. 

,UPter,  a.  Complete,  perfect, 
entire,  absolute. 

.UPter,  v . To  cause  to  pass  in 
trade;  to  publish,  speak,  pro- 
nounce. 


Ya'can-cy,  n.  Emptiness;  an 

unoccupied  office. 

Ya'cant,  a.  Empty,  void;  dis- 
engaged, idle. 

Vacate,  v . To  make  vacant;  to 

annul,  make  void. 

Ya-ca'tion,  n.  A period  of  in- 
termission; rest,  leisure. 

».... ...Yac'ci-nate,  v.  To  inoculate 

with  cowpox  by  means  of  a 
virus. 

YacTl-late  (vas'il-ate),  v.  To 

fluctuate  in  mind  or  opinion, 
j£o  waver. 

* Y ac'u-um,  n.  A space  entirely 

devoid  of  matter. 

Yag'a-bond,  n.  A tramp,  a va- 
grant. 

Ya-ga'ry,  n . A wandering  of 

the  thoughts. 

Y arrant,  n.  An  idle  wanderer, 

a vagabond. 

Y ague,  a . Indefinite,  ill-defined, 

uncertain. 

Yain,  a.  Empty,  worthless; 

showy,  delusive;  fruitless; 
conceited,  puffed  up. 

........  Y ale,  n.  A tract  of  low  ground, 

a valley. 

Yal-e-dic'to-ry,  n . The  oration, 

at  commencement,  of  the 
leader  in  the  graduating  class 
of  a college  or  university. 

Yal-e-tu-di-na'ri-an,  n.  A per- 
son of  a weak  or  sickly  consti- 
tution. 

* ..... . TaPiant, «.  Courageous,  brave, 

heroic. 

•••• • • * • Yarid,  a.  Founded  in  truth; 

sound,  good,  sufficient;  hav- 
ing legal  strength  or  force. 


YaPi-date,  v . To  give  legal 
force  to. 

Ya-lise',  n.  A small  sack  or  case 
for  containing  the  clothes, 
etc.,  of  a traveler. 

YaPley,  n.  Space  inclosed  be* 
tween  ranges  of  hills  or 
mountains. 

YaPor,  n . Courage,  heroism, 
bravery. 

TaPu-a-ble,  a . Having  value 
or  worth,  precious. 

Yal-u-a'tion,  n . Value  set  upon 
a thing. 

TaPue,  n.  Worth,  excellence, 
importance. 

TaPue,  v.  To  rate  at  a certain 
price;  to  prize. 

Tamp,  n.  The  part  of  a shoe 
above  the  sole  and  welt,  in 
front  of  the  ankle  seam;  an 
upper. 

TanPpire,  n.  A blood-sueking 
bat. 

Tan,  n . The  front  of  an  army; 

a large,  covered  wagon. 

, Y an'dal-ism,  n.  F erocious  cru« 

, v.  To  pass  away,  tc 
disappear. 

Yan'i-ty,  n.  Egotism,  pride; 
emptiness,  worthlessness. 

Yan'quish,  v.  To  conquer, 
overcome,  silence. 

Tap'id,  a . Having  lost  its  life 
and  spirit. 

Ta7por,  n.  Diffused  substance 
floating  in  the  atmosphere  and 
impairing  its  transparency. 

Ta'il-a-ble,  a.  Changeable, 
fickle,  wavering. 


elty, 


YanTsh 


dbaughon’s  practical  speller. 


89 


Ya7ri-ance,  n . Discord,  dis- 
pute, quarrel. 

Ya-ri-a7tion,  n.  Change,  vari- 
ety, deviation. 

Ta7ri-e-ga-ted,  a.  Having 

marks  or  patches  of  different 
colors. 

Ta-ri7e-ty,  n.  A collection  of 

different  things,  a varied  as- 
sortment. 

Ya'ri-ous,  a.  Different,  several, 

manifold. 

Tar7nish,  v.  To  cover  with  a 

liquid  which  produces,  when 
dry,  a glossy  surface. 

Ta7ry,  v . To  modify;  to  alter- 
nate; to  make  of  different 
kinds. 

Yase,  n.  A vessel  adapted  for 

various  domestic  purposes. 

.Yas7e-lme,  n.  A yellowish  sub- 
stance obtained*  as  a residue 
in  the  purification  of  crude 
petroleum. 

Yas7sal,  n.  A subject,  a de- 
pendent, a servant. 

• •......Yast,  a.  Enormous,  immense, 

mighty. 

Yault,  n.  An  arched  structure 

of  masonry;  the  sky. 

Yault,  v . To  leap  over;  to 

bound,  jump,  spring. 

Yaunt?  v.  To  boast,  to  talk  os- 
tentatiously. 

Yeal,  n.  The  flesh  of  a calf 

when  killed  and  used  for  food. 

. . Yeer,  v.  To  change  direction, 

to  shift. 

Yeg7e-ta-ble,  n.  A plant  used 

or  cultivated  for  food. 

Ye7he-mexit,  Furious,  vio- 
lent, raging. 

Ye7hi-cle,  n.  A means  of  con- 
veyance upon  land. 

Yeil,  n.  A cover,  curtain, 

screen. 

* *...Yein,  n.  A blood  vessel;  a nar- 

row mass  of  rock  containing 
minerals  or  ores;  peculiar 
temperament. 

Ye-locT-pede,  n.  A light  road 

carriage  propelled  by  the  feet 
of  the  rider. 

Ye-loc7i-ty,  n . Swiftness,  speed, 

rapidity. 

Yel7yet,  n.  A silk  fabric  having 

a short  nap  of  erect  threads. 

Yel-yet-een7,  n.  Cotton  cloth 

made  in  imitation  of  velvet. 

Ye7nal,  a.  Made  matter  of 

trade  or  barter;  purchasable. 


Tend,  v.  To  dispose  of  by  sale, 
to  make  an  object  of  trade. 

Tend-ee7,  n . The  person  to 
whom  a thing  is  sold. 

Tend7i-ble,  a.  Salable;  capable 
of  being  vended  or  sold. 

Tend7or,  n.  The  person  who 
sells  a thing. 

Te-neer7,  n.  A thin  layer  of 
a more  valuable  material  for 
overlaying  an  inferior  one. 

Ten7er-a-ble,  a.  Deserving  of 
honor  and  respect — generally 
implying  an  advanced  age. 

Ten7er-ate,  v.  To  regard  with 
reverential  respect. 

Tenge7ance,  n.  Retribution; 
passionate  revenge. 

Ten7i-son,  n.  Flesh  of  animals 
of  the  deer  kind. 

Ten7om,  n.  Matter  fatal  or  in- 
jurious to  life;  spite,  malice. 

Tent,  n . Outlet;  a small  aper- 
ture. 

Ten7ti-late,  v.  To  air;  to  sift 
and  examine. 

Ten-tril7o-qnism,  n.  The  art  of 
speaking  in  such  a manner 
that  the  voice  appears  to  come 
from  another  source. 

Ten7ture,  n . An  undertaking 
of  chance  or  danger;  chance, 
accident,  luck. 

Ten7tur-ous,  a . Daring,  bold, 
fearless,  venturesome. 

Ten7ue,  n . Place  or  county  in 
which  anything  is  alleged  to 
have  happened. 

Te7nus,  n . The  goddess  of 
beauty  and  love. 

Te-ra7cions,  a . Truthful;  true, 
not  false. 

.Ye-rae7i-ty,  n.  Habitual  ob- 
servance of  truth. 

.Te-ran7da,  n . An  open,  roofed 
gallery  or  portico. 

.Terb,  n.  A part  of  speech  ex- 
pressing action,  being,  or  the, 
suffering  of  action. 

.Yei^bi-age,  n.  The  use  of  many 
words  without  necessity. 

.Yei^dant,  a . Green,  fresh, 

flourishing. 

. Yei^dict,  n.  The  finding  or  de- 
cision of  a jury  on  a matter 
legally  submitted  to  them. 

.Terge,  n.  Border,  edge,  rim, 
margin. 

.Yer7i-Fy,  v.  To  prove  to  be  true 
or  correct. 

.Ter7i-1  j9adv.  In  fact,  certainly. 


90 


dratjghon’s  practical  speller. 


. Yerl-ty,  n.  That  which  is  true ; 

truth,  reality. 

Yer-miFion,  n.  A lively  and 

brilliant  red. 

Vermin,  n . Noxious  little  an- 
imals or  insects. 

Ter-nac'u-lar,^.  One’s  mother 

tongue. 

Yer'nal,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 

spring;  belonging  to  youth. 

. . , Yer'sa-tile,  a.  Changeable,  un- 

steady; turning  with  ease 
from  one  thing  to  another. 

Terse,  n.  A short  division  of 

any  composition. 

Tension,  n.  A translation;  an 

account  or  description  from  a 
particular  point  of  view. 

Ter'ti-cal,  a.  Upright,  plumb; 

directly  overhead. 

Yer'ti-go^  n.  Dizziness  or 

swimming  of  the  head. 

Yer'y,  adv.  In  a high  degree, 

extremely. 

Testers,  n.  The  evening  song 

or  service. 

.» Yes'sel,  n.  A hollow  or  con- 

cave utensil;  a large  boat. 

....... .Test,  n.  A waistcoat,  or  sleeve- 
less body  garment  for  men. 

Test,  v.  To  clothe  with  author- 
ity or  power. 

Yes'ti-bule.  n.  A lobby,  a 

porch,  a nail. 

Yes'tige,  n.  Trace,  mark,  sign, 

token. 

Yes'ture,  n.  A robe,  clothing, 

covering. 

YeFer-an,  n.  One  who  has 

been  long  exercised  in  any 
service  or  art. 

Ye'tOj  n.  An  authoritative  pro- 
hibition, a forbidding. 

..Yex,  v . To  torment,  to  tease, 

to  plague. 

YPa,  prep . By  the  way  of.  n. 

A road  or  way. 

....... . YPal,  n.  A small  bottle  made 

of  glass. 

YPand?  n.  An  article  of  food; 

provisions,  victuals. 

YPbrant,  a . Tremulous,  vibra- 
ting. 

YPbrate,  v.  To  move  to  and 

fro  or  from  side  to  side. 

Yi-ca'ri-ous,  a.  Acting  or  suf- 
fering for  another. 

Yice,  n.  A moral  fault  or  fail- 
ing. 

YPce,  prep.  In  the  place  of,  in 

the  stead  of. 


Yice,  a.  Designating  an  officer 

second  in  rank  or  authority. 

Yi-cin'i-ty,  n.  Neighborhood, 

adjoining  space  or  country. 

YFcious,  a.  Corrupt,  wicked, 

depraved. 

Yic/tim,  n.  One  who  suffers 

injury  from  another  or  from 
accident;  one  who  is  duped, 
or  cheated. 

Vic'to-ry,  n.  Conquest,  tri- 
umph. 

Tie,  v . To  strive  for  superior- 
ity. 

Yiew,  n . Sight,  look,  inspec- 
tion; scene,  prospect. 

YigY-lance,  n.  Care,  caution; 

wakefulness. 

Yil'i-fy,  v.  To  defame,  to  tra- 
duce. 

YiPlain,  n.  A rascal,  a scamp, 

a deliberate  scoundrel. 

Yin'di-cate,  v.  To  sustain 

against  assault;  to  maintain. 

YFo-late,  v.  To  do  violence  to; 

to  transgress. 

YFo-lence,  n . Fierceness, 

transgression,  oppression." 

Yi-o-lnF,  n.  A small  stringed 

instrument — a fiddle. 

..YFrile,  a.  Masterful,  forceful; 

characteristic  of  developed 
manhood. 

YirTue,  n . Moral  excellence, 

purity  of  soul. 

Yis/age,  n.  The  face,  counte- 
nance, or  look  of  a person. 

Yise,  n.  A two- jawed  instru- 
ment for  holding  work. 

Yi-s$,  v.  To  examine  and  in- 
dorse, as  a passport. 

Yis'i-fole,  a.  In  view,  percep- 
tible. 

YFsion,  n . Actual  sight;  that 

which  is  seen. 

YPsion-a-ry,  a.  Fanciful,  un- 
real. 

Yis'it,  v . To  attend,  to  call 

upon. 

Yis'ta,  n . A view  through  or 

between  intervening  objects. 

YPtal,  a.  Necessary  to  life; 

highly  important,  essential. 

Yi-tu-per-a/tion,  n.  Severe  cen- 
sure, abuse. 

Yiv7id,  a.  Clear,  bright,  strong; 

spirited,  striking. 

....... . Vo-cab'u-la-ry,  n . A collection 

of  words  arranged  alphabet- 
ically and  explained;  a stock 
of  words  employed. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


91 


Yo'cal,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
voice  or  speech. 

Yo-ca'tion,  n.  Calling,  occupa- 
tion, trade,  etc. 

Yogue,  n.  Temporary  mode, 
custom,  or  practice. 

Yoid,  a . Empty,  vacant;  of  no 
legal  force  or  effect. 

Yol-ea'no,  n.  A burning  moun- 
tain. 

Yo-lPtion,  n.  Will,  choice, 
preference. 

YoPley,  n.  A flight  of  missiles; 
a burst  or  emission  of  many 
things  at  once. 

Yolt,  n.  The  unit  of  electro- 
motive force. 

YoPume,  n.  A book;  dimen- 
sions, compass,  etc. 

YoPun-ta-ry,  a.  Produced  in 
or  by  an  act  of  choice. 


Tol-un-teer7,  n.  One  who  en- 
ters into,  or  offers  for,  any 
service  of  his  own  free  will. 

, Y ote,  v.  To  express  preference, 
eitner  viva  voce  or  by  ballot. 

Touch,  v.  To  attest,  warrant, 
confirm,  assure. 

Touch-safe7,  v.  To  condescend 
to  grant;  to  concede;  to  be- 
stow. 

Tow,  n.  A solemn  promise 
made  to  God;  a pledge  of  love 
or  affection. 

Yoy'age,  n . A passing  by  wa- 
ter from  one  port  to  another. 

YuPgar,  a . Lacking  refine- 

ment; offensive  to  good  taste. 

YuPner-a-ble,  a.  Liable  to  in- 
jury. 

TuPture,  n.  A turkey  buzzard, 
a condor. 


W 


Wabble,  v.  To  move  stagger- 
ingly or  unsteadily. 

Wade,  v . To  walk  in  a sub- 
stance that  yields  to  the  feet. 

.Waft,  v . To  cause  to  move  in  a 
wavy  manner. 

Wag,  n.  A joker,  a man  full  of 
sport  and  humor. 

Wage,  v.  To  engage  in,  as  a 
contest. 

Wa'ger,  v . To  stake,  to  bet,  to 
lay  a wager. 

Wa'ges,  n . Price  paid  for  labor, 
hire. 

Wag'on,  n.  A four-wheeled  ve- 
hicle for  carrying  merchan- 
dise, etc. 

.Waif,  n.  A wanderer,  a casta- 
way, a stray. 

Wail,  v.  To  weep,  to  express 
sorrow  audibly. 

Waist,  n.  The  small  part  of 
the  , body  between  the  chest 
and  the  hips. 

Wait,  v.  To  stay;  to  remain 
stationary  till  the  arrival  of 
some  person  or  event. 

. .WaiPer,  n.  A servant  in  at- 
tendance; a tray  on  which 
something  is  carried. 

.Waive,  v.  To  give  up  claim  to; 
to  relinquish  voluntarily. 

Wake,  n.  Any  track;  the  sit- 
ting up  of  persons  with  a dead 
body. 

. .Wake,  v.  To  rouse  from  sleep; 
to  arouse,  excite. 

. .Walk,  v.  To  move  along  on  foot 


.Walk'-o-ver,  n.  A one-sided 
contest. 

.Wall,  n.  A structure  of  stone, 
brick,  or  other  materials,  for 
defense  or  security  or  for  an 
inclosure. 

.WaPlet,  n.  A bag  for  keeping 
money  about  the  person. 

, W aPlo w,  v . To  roll  and  tumble 
about. 

.Waltz,  n.  A dance  performed 
by  two  persons  in  circular 
figures,  with  a whirling  mo- 
tion. 

.Wan,  a . Pale,  pallid,  languid 
of  look. 

.Wan'der,  u.  To  ramble,  stray, 
rove;  to  be  delirious. 

.Wane,  n.  Decline,  failure,  de- 
crease. 

.Want,  n.  Deficiency,  poverty, 
need. 

.Want,  v . To  wish  or  long  for; 
to  need. 

.Wan'ton,  a.  Untrained;  per- 
verse, dissolute. 

, Wan'y,  a . Spoiled  by  wet— said 
of  timber. 

.War,  n.  Armed  conflict  of  sov- 
ereign powers. 

.WaPble,  v . To  trill;  to  utter 
musically. 

.Ward,  n . A minor  or  other  per- 
son under  the  care  of  a guard- 
ian; a division  of  a town  or 
city. 

.Ward,  v.  To  guard,  defend;  to 
rep*l. 


92 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


. . . Ward'en,  n.  A keeper;  a head 
official. 

...Wardrobe,  n.  A portable 
closet  for  hanging  up  clothes; 
wearing  apparel  in  general. 

. . .Ware,  n . Articles  of  merchan- 
dise. 

. . .Warmth,  n.  Gentle  heat;  zeal, 
ardor,  passion,  enthusiasm. 

. . .Warn,  v . To  give  notice  to;  to 
caution  against. 

. . .Warp,  v.  To  turn  or  twist  out 
of  shape. 

...Warrant,  n.  A commission 
giving  authority  or  justifying 
the  doing  of  anything. 

...Warrant,  v.  To  guarantee 
safety  to;  to  justify,  maintain. 

. . .Wa /ry,  a . Cautious,  circum- 
spect, watchful. 

. . .Wash,  v.  To  cleanse  by  rub- 
bing or  dipping  in  water. 

...Waste,  v.  To  squander,  dissi- 
pate, lavish. 

...Watch,  n.  A small  timepiece; 
close  observation. 

. ..Watch,  v.  To  guard,  to  be  on 
the  lookout,  to  be  expectant. 

...Watchman,  n . A sentinel,  a 
^person  who  keeps  guard. 

. . .Wa/ter-mark,  n.  A letter  or 
device  wrought  into  paper 
during  process  of  manufac- 
ture. 

. . .Wa'ter-proof,  a.  Impervious 
to  water. 

. . .Wave,  v.  To  float,  to  undulate; 
to  move  one  way  and  the 
other. 

. ..Wa'ver,  v.  To  reel,  totter; 
to  vacillate. 

...Wax,  v . To  grow  bigger;  to 
pass  from  one  state  to  another. 

...Wax,  n.  A composition  used 
for  uniting  surfaces,  exclud- 
ing air,  etc. 

v.*.Wa y,  n.  A road;  distance,  in- 
terval, method,  etc. 

...Waybill,  n . A list  of  goods 
transported  by  a common  car- 
rier on  a land  route. 

. ..Way'far-er,  n.  A traveler,  a 
passenger. 

. . .Waylay,  v.  To  lie  in  wait  for, 
with  the  purpose  to  seize,  rob, 
or  slay. 

...Wayward,  a . Disobedient, 
perverse,  willful. 

...Weak,  a . Feeble  of  body  or 
mind;  unwise,  unsustained, 
etc. 


Weaken,  v.  To  reduce  in  qua! 
ity,  strength,  or  spirit. 

Weal,  n . Prosperity,  happi. 

ness,  welfare. 

Wealth,  n.  Riches,  abundance, 
large  possessions. 

Wean,  v.  To  reconcile  to  the 
want  or  loss  of  anything. 

Weap'on,  n.  An  instrument  of 
offensive  or  defensive  combat. 

Wear,  v.  To  carry  or  bear 
upon  the  person;  to  impair, 
waste,  or  diminish  by  contin- 
ual use* 

Wea'ry,  a.  Worn  out  in  respect 
to  strength,  etc.;  fatigued, 
tired. 

Weather,  n.  Meteorological 
condition  of  the  atmosphere. 

WeatlFer,  v.  To  resist,  to  en 
dure. 

Wcave?  v . To  entwine  or  inter  * 
lace  into  a fabric. 

Web,  n.  A texture,  textile  fah 
ric;  complicated  falsehood. 

Wed,  v.  To  marry;  to  attack 
firmly. 

Wedge,  n.  A piece  of  metal  or 
wooa,  thick  at  one  end,  thin 
at  the  other,  used  in  splitting 
wood,  etc. 

WedToclc,  n.  The  ceremony,  or 
the  state,  of  marriage. 

Weekly,  a.  Coming,  happen* 
ing,  or  done  once  a week. 

Weep,  v . To  show  grief  of 
other  passions  by  shedding 
tears. 

Weigh,  v.  To  examine  by  thd 
balance;  to  estimate  deliber 
ately  and  maturely. 

Weight,  n.  Quantity  of  heavi 
ness;  burden,  pressure;  im- 
portance, consequence. 

Weird,  a . Supernatural,  un- 
earthly, wild. 

WeFcome,  a.  Received  with 
gladness;  grateful,  pleasing. 

Weld,  v . To  press  or  beat  into 
permanent  union. 

.WeFfare,  n.  Prosperity,  ha]>- 
piness. 

. WeFkin,  n.  The  vault  of  heav- 
en, the  sky. 

.Well,  n.  Spring,  fountain; 
source  of  supply. 

. Well,  adv.  In  a good  or  proper 
manner;  suitably,  thoroughly. 

Well,  a . Not  sick  or  diseased; 
fortunate,  convenient,  advan- 
tageous. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


93 


W ell'-bred,  a.  Refined  in  man- 
ners. 

........  W elF-nigh,  adv.  Almost,  near- 
ly. 

Wend,  v.  To  go,  to  pass,  to  be- 
take one’s  self. 

Whack,  v.  To  strike,  to  beat, 

to  thrash. 

Wharf  ( pi.  wharves),  n.  A pier, 

a quay. 

"Wheat,  n.  A cereal  grass,  and 

its  grain,  which  furnishes  a 
white  flour  for  bread. 

Whee/dle,  v . To  flatter,  to  coax, 

to  cajole. 

Wheel?  n . A circular  frame 

turning  about  an  axis. 

Wheel,  v.  To  turn  on  an  axis, 

to  revolve. 

Wheeze,  v.  To  breathe  hard, 

with  an  audible  piping  or 
whistling  sound. 

Whelp,  n.  One  of  the  young  of 

a dog  or  a beast  of  prey. 

Where,  adv . At  or  in  what 

place;  in  what  position,  situa- 
tion, or  circumstances. 

Where-as',  conj . Since,  con- 
sidering that,  it  being  the  case 
that. 

.Whet,  v.  To  sharpen;  to  make 
sharp,  keen,  or  eager. 

* Whew,  n.  and  inter j.  A sound, 

like  a half-formed  whistle,  ex- 
pressing scorn,  astonishment, 
or  dislike. 

Whiff,  n.  A quick  puff  or  slight 

fust,  as  of  air  or  smoke. 

im,  n . A freak,  fancy,  hu- 
mor, caprice. 

Whine,  v.  To  utter  or  express 

plaintively. 

Whinny,  n . The  cry  or  call  of 

a horse. 

, .......Whip,  n . An  instrument  for 

driving  horses  or  other  ani- 
mals. 

* Whip'-poor-will,  n.  An  Ameri- 

can bird  allied  to  the  night 
hawk. 

Whirl,  v.  To  turn  round  rap- 
idly. 

Whirlwind,  n.  A violent  wind- 
storm characterized  by  an  in- 
ward spiral  motion  of  the 
air. 

}•••••«.  Whis/ky , n . An  intoxicating 
liquor  distilled  from  corn, 
rye,  or  wheat. 

.Wms'per,  v.  To  speak  softly, 
or  under  the  breath. 


Whist,  n.  A certain  game  at 

cards. 

White,  a . Not  tinted  with  any 

of  the  proper  colors;  inno- 
cent, pure. 

Whither,  adv.  To  what  or 

which  place. 

Whittle,  v . To  cut  or  shape 

with  a pocketknife. 

Whole,  a . All,  total;  complete; 

uninjured,  unbroken;  healthy. 

Wholesale,  n.  Sale  of  goods 

in  large  quantity. 

Wholesome,  a . Tending  to 

promote  health;  conducive  to 
good. 

Whoop,  v.  To  utter  a whoop, 

or  loud  cry. 

Wicked,  a.  Evil  in  principle 

or  practice. 

Wick'et,  n.  A small  gate  or 

door. 

Wide,  a . Broad,  extensive, 

vast,  spacious. 

Wid'ow,  n . A woman  who  has 

lost  her  husband  by  death  and 
has  not  married  again. 

Wield,  v . To  control,  to  sway, 

to  manage. 

....... .Wife,  n.  A woman  united  to  a 

man  in  wedlock. 

Wil'der-ness,  n.  A region  un- 
cultivated and  uninhabited  by 
human  beings. 

Wile,  n.  A trick  or  stratagem 

practiced  for  deception. 

Will,  n.  The  power  of  choos- 
ing; a testament. 

WilFful,  a . Self-determined,  vol- 
untary; stubborn,  refractory. 

Wilt,  v.  To  lose  freshness,  to 

droop,  to  wither. 

WiFy,  a.  Cunning,  artful,  sly, 

crafty. 

Win,  v.  To  gain  by  superiority 

in  competition  or  contest. 

Wince,  v.  To  flinch;  to  shrink, 

as  from  a blow. 

Wind  (wind),  v.  To  coil,  twist, 

turn. 

Wind  (wind),  n.  A current  of 

air. 

Window,  n.  An  opening  in 

the  wall  of  a building  for  ad- 
mission of  light  and  air. 

Wine,  n.  Fermented  juice  of 

grapes,  etc. 

.„•••••  .Wink,  v.  To  shut  the  eyes 
quickly;  to  give  a hint  by 
shutting  one  eye  quickly;  to 
avoid  taking  notice. 


94 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Window*  v . To  separate,  as 

bad  from  good. 

W in7some,  a . Cheerful,  merry, 

gay. 

Wire,  n.  A thread  or  slender 

4 rod  of  metal. 

Wisdom,  n . Discretion,  skill, 

prudence,  knowledge. 

Wish,  v.  To  desire,  to  long  for, 

to  hanker  after. 

Wit,  n . Ingenuity,  humor;  a 

man  of  genius,  fancy,  or  hu- 

( mor. 

Witch,  n.  One  who  practices 

magic. 

With- draw7,  v.  To  take  back; 

to  recall;  to  retire,  retreat. 

Withe  (with),  n . A flexible, 

slender  twig. 

With7er,  v.  To  fade,  to  lose 

freshness. 

With-hold7,  v . To  retain,  to 

keep  back. 

With-stand7,  v.  To  oppose,  to 

resist. 

Wit7ness,  v.  To  see  or  know 

by  personal  presence. 

. . Wit7ness,  n . One  who  has  per- 

sonal knowledge  of  anything; 
one  who  testifies  in  a cause. 

Wit7ty,  a . Acute,  sharp,  smart, 

humorous. 

Woe,  n.  Grief,  sorrow,  misery; 

a curse,  a malediction. 

Wom7an,  n.  A grown-up  fe- 
male person. 

Won7der,  n.  Emotion  excited 

by  novelty;  surprise,  amaze- 
ment; a strange  thing. 

Won’t  (contraction  of  will  not), 

v.  Will  not, 

....... .Wont  (wiint),  n . Custom,  habit, 

use. 

Woo,  v.  To  solicit  in  love;  to 

invite  with  importunity. 

Wood7land,  n . Land  covered 

with  wood  or  trees. 

Woof,  n.  Texture,  cloth;  the 

threads  that  cross  the  warp  in 
a woven  fabric. 

Wool,  n . The  soft,  crisped  hair 

of  sheep. 

Wool7ly,  a.  Consisting  of,  or 

resembling,  wool. 

,.Word,  n.  Spoken  sign  of  an 

idea;  declaration,  promise. 

«••••••  .Work,  n.  Exertion  of  strength 

4 or  faculties;  business,  duty. 

« ....... Workhouse,  n.  A house  in 

which  idle  and  vicious  persons 
are  confined  to  labor. 


...Work7man,  n.  A worker,  a 
man  employed  in  labor. 

. . . Work7y-day.  n.  A week  day,  oi 
working  day. 

...World,  n.  The  creation,  th* 
universe. 

. . .World7ly,  a.  Human,  common 
secular,  temporal. 

. . .Worm,  n.  Any  small  creeping 
animal  or  reptile. 

. . .Worm,  v.  To  effect  by  slow  and1 
secret  means. 

...Worn7-out,  a . Rendered  use> 
less  by  wearing. 

. . . Wor7ry,  v.  To  vex,  annoy,  tor 
ment,  tease. 

...Wor7ship,  n.  Religious  rever 
ence  and  homage,  adoration 

...Worst7ed  (wust7ed),  n.  Well 
twisted  yam  spun  of  long 
staple  wool. 

...Worth,  a . Equal  in  value  to, 
deserving  of. 

...Worth,  n.  Value,  price;  excel 
lence,  virtue,  merit. 

...Worthy,  a.  Valuable;  deserv 
ing,  estimable,  virtuous. 

. . .Wound  (woond),  n.  A hurt  o\ 
injury  caused  by  violence. 

...Wrangle,  v.  To  dispute  an 
grily. 

. . .Wrap,  v . To  cover  by  winding 

0 or  folding. 

...Wrath,  n.  Indignation,  rage 
fury. 

, . . Wreak,  v.  To  execute  in  venge 
ance  or  passion,  to  inflict. 

. . . Wreath,  n . Something  twisted  t 
intertwined,  or  curled. 

. . .Wreathe,  v.  To  twist,  to  en 
twine. 

. . . Wreck*  n.  Destruction  or  injif* 
ry  of  anything,  especially  bjf 
violence. 

• . .Wrench,  n.  An  instrument  for 
turning  bolts,  nuts,  etc. 

• . .Wrest,  v . To  turn,  to  twist;  to 
turn  from  truth,  to  pervert. 

. . .Wres7tle,  v.  To  contend  with, 
by  striving  to  throw  down,  all 
opponent. 

. • .Wretch,  n . A base,  despicable 
person. 

. . .Wretch7ed,  a.  Very  miserable; 
worthless,  paltry. 

...Wring,  v.  To  twist  and  com- 
press; to  pain,  distress. 

. . .Wrinkle,  v.  To  contract  into 
furrows  and  prominences. 

...Wrist,  n.  The  joint  between 
the  hand  and  the  arm. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


. * . Writ,  n.  A written  instrument, 

under  seal,  from  the  proper 
authority,  commanding  per- 
formance or  nonperformance. 

Write,  v.  To  inscribe  on  any 

material  with  a suitable  in- 
strument; to  compose, 
c . * • . . . .Writing,  n . Anything  written 
or  printed. 

Wrong,  a . Injurious,  unjust; 
incorrect,  faulty,  unfit. 


• Xy-log'ra-phy  (zi-log'ra-fy),  n. 

The  art  of  engraving  on  wood. 

„ .Xylo-phone,  n.  A musical  in- 

strument consisting  of  a series  . 
of  strips  of  wood  or  glass 
graduated  in  length  to  the 

Y 

» • * Y (wl),  n . A portion  of  railroad  . 

track  consisting  of  two  di- 
verging tracks  connected  by  . 
a cross  track. 

....  ..Yacht,  n.  A light,  elegantly 
furnished  vessel. 

....... .Yam,  n.  A variety  of  the  sweet 

potato.  * 

.Yankee,  n . A nickname  for  a 

native  or  citizen  of  New  En-  . 
gland. 

.Yap,  n . A bark,  a yelp,  a sharp  . 
cry. 

....... .Yard,  n.  Thirty -six  inches;  an  . 

inclosure. 

Yarn,  n.  Spun  wool,  woolen  . 
thread;  a story,  or  tale. 

.......  o Yawl,  n.  A small  ship’s  boat, 

usually  rowed  with  four  or  . 
six  oars. 

........ .Yawn,  v . To  open  the  mouth  . 

involuntarily  through  drowsi- 
ness, fatigue,  or  dullness. 

.........  Yea,  adv . x es — used  sometimes 

with  the  sense  of  indeed , . 
verily , truly. 

Yea,  n.  An  afiirmative  vote; 

one  who  votes  in  the  affirma-  . 
tive. 

»» Year,  n.  The  period  occupied 

by  the  earth  in  making  its  rev- 
olution around  the  sun. 

o o . * . . . .Yearbook,  n . Any  annual  re-  . 
port  or  summary  of  the  statis- 
tics or  facts  of  a year,  designed  . 
to  be  used  as  a reference  book, 
co... Yearling,  n . An  animal  one  . 
year  old,  or  in  the  second  year 
of  its  age. 


Wrong,  v.  To  treat  un justly ; to 
impute  evil  to  unjustly. 

Wrong/do-er,  n.  One  who  in- 
jures another,  or  does  wrong; 
one  who  commits  a tort  or 
trespass. 

Wroth,  a.  Full  of  wrath,  angry, 
incensed. 

Wry,,  a.  Turned  to  one  side, 
twisted;  misdirected,  out  of 
place. 


musical  scale,  resting  on  belts 
of  straw,  and  struck  with  two 
small  hammers. 

Xy-lo-py-rog'ra-phy,  n.  The 
art  or  practice  of  burning  pic- 
tures on  wood  with  a hot  iron. 


.Yearn,  v . To  long,  to  be  ea- 
ger. 

.Yeast  (yest),  n . A preparation 
used  for  raising  dough  for 
bread  or  cakes. 

.Yell,  n . A sharp,  loud,  hideous 
outcry. 

. Yellow, a.  Of  the  color  of  gold 
or  brass. 

,Yelp?  v.  To  utter  a sharp, 
quick  cry,  as  a hound. 

.Yen,  n.  The  unit  of  value  and 
account  in  Japan. 

.Yeo'man,  n.  A freeholder,  a 
man  freeborn. 

.Yes7ter-day,  n.  The  day  pre- 
ceding to-day,  the  day  last 
past. 

.Yet,  adv . Further,  besides, 
over  and  above. 

.Yet,  conj . Nevertheless,  not- 
withstanding, however. 

.Yew,  n.  An  evergreen  tree  of 
Europe. 

.Yield,  v . To  give  in  return  for 
labor  expended;  to  pay;  to 
surrender,  relinquish. 

.Yoke,  n . A frame  of  wood  by 
which  two  oxen  are,  joined  at 
the  necks  for  working  to- 
gether; a bond  of  connection; 
slavery,  bondage,  service. 

.Yolk,  n.  The  yellow  part  of  an 
egg- 

►Yon/der,  adv.  At  a distance, 
but  within  view. 

.Young,  a.  Not  old,  juvenile; 
in  the  first  part,  or  period,  of 
growth. 


96 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Youth,  n . Quality  or  state  of 
being  young;  the  whole  early 
part  of  life. 


.Zeal,  n.  Passionate  ardor,  ac- 
tive interest,  fervor. 

.ZeaFot,  n.  An  enthusiast,  a 
fanatical  partisan. 

.Ze'bra,  n.  A wild  African 
horse  having  a white  body 
marked  with  dark-brown  or 
blackish  bands. 

. Zenith,  n.  The  greatest  height; 
the  height  of  success  or  pros- 
perity. 

ZeplFyr,  n.  A soft,  gentle 

breeze. 

.Ze'ro,  n.  Nothing;  the  lowest 
point,  the  point  of  exhaus- 
tion. 

.Zest,  n.  An  appetizer;  keen 
enjoyment,  relish. 

.Zigzag,  a . Having  short, 

sharp  turns;  running  this  way 
and  that. 

•Zinc,  to.  An  easily  fusible, 
bluish-white  metal. 


Yule,  n.  Christmas  or  Christa 
mastide. 

Yule'tide,  n.  Christmas  time. 


ZFon,  n.  The  Church  of  God; 
the  heavenly  Jerusalem, 
heaven. 

Zith/er,  n.  A stringed  musical 
instrument. 

Zo'di-ac,  n . An  imaginary  belt 

in  the  heavens,  in  the  middle 
of  which  is  the  sun’s  path. 

Zone,  n . One  of  the  five  great 

divisions  of  the  earth  with 
respect  to  latitude  and  tem- 
perature. 

Zo-dg'ra-phy,  n.  A description 

of  animals,  their  forms  and 
habits. 

Zo»oFo»gy,  n.  That  part  of  bi- 
ology which  relates  to  the 
animal  kingdom. 

Zouave  (zwav),  n.  One  of  a 

Aral!)  dress  and  drill.  ^ 

ZtFlus,  n.  A tribe  o*  *he  Kaffii 

race. 


ABBREVIATIONS 


@ At  or  to. 

A.  Adjective. 

Alt  First-class. 

A.B.  Bachelor  of  Arts. 

Acct.  Account. 

Ad.  Advertisement. 

A.D.  In  the  year  of  our  Lord, 

Adjt.  Adjutant. 

Ad  lib®  At  pleasure. 

Adinr.  Administrator. 

Admx.  Administratrix. 

Ady®  Adverb;  advocate;  advent 
A.G.  Accountant  General;  Adjutant 
General. 

Agt.  Agent. 

Ala.  Alabama. 

Alas.  Alaska. 

Alex.  Alexander. 

Am.  America,  American. 


Bal.  Balance. 

Bank.  Banking. 

B.B.  Bill  book. 

Bbl.  Barrel.  Bbls.  Barrels. 

Before  Christ;  British  Columbia. 


A.M.  Before  noon;  Master  of  Arts, 
Anib.  Ambassador. 

Amt.  Amount 
Anon.  Anonymous. 

Ans.,  Answer. 

Apl.  or  Apr.  April. 

App.  Appendix. 

Ar.  Arrival,  arrive. 

Arch.  Architecture. 

Ariz.  Arizona. 

Ark.  Arkansas. 

Art.  Article. 

Asst.  Assistant 
Ass’t’d.  Assorted 
Atty.  Attorney. 

Atty.  Gen.  Attorney-general. 

Aug.  August. 

Av.  Average. 

Ave.  Avenue. 


Bd.  Bond  or  bound. 
Bdls.  Bundles. 

Benj.  Benjamin. 

Bgs.  Bags. 

Bills  Pay.  Bills  payable. 


97 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Rills  Rec.  Bills  receivable. 
Bk.  Bank;  book. 

Bkts.  Baskets. 

B.L.  Bachelor  of  Laws. 
Blk*  Black. 

Bis.  Bales. 

B.O.  Buyer’s  option. 


C.  Carbon;  Congress;  Catholic;  Church; 
Consul. 

C.A.  Chief  Accountant,  Controller  of 
Accounts. 

Cal.  California;  calendar. 

Can.  Canada. 

Cap.  Capital. 

Caps.  Capitals. 

Capt.  Captain. 

Card.  Cardinal. 

Cas.  Cases. 

Cash.  Cashier. 

Cat.  Catalogue. 

Oath.  Catholic. 

C.B.  Cashbook. 

C.C.P.  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 

C.E.  Civil  engineer. 

Cf.  Compare. 

C.H.  Courthouse;  customhouse. 

Ch.  Chapter;  church. 

Chanc.  Chancellor. 

Chas.  Charles. 

Client.  Chemistry,  chemical. 

Ch’gd.  Charged. 

Civ.  Civil. 

C.J.  Chief  Justice. 

Ck.  Check.  Cks.  Checks 
Clk.  Clerk. 


D.  Day;  died;  dime;  pence. 

Dan.  Danish;  Daniel. 

D.B.  Daybook. 

D.C.  District  of  Columbia. 

D.D.  Doctor  of  Divinity. 

D.D.S.  Doctor  of  Dental  Surgery. 
Dec.  December. 

Deft.  Defendant. 

Deg.  Degree. 

Del.  Delaware;  delegate. 

Dem.  Democrat. 

Dep.  Deputy. 

Dept.  Department. 

Dft.  Draft. 


E.  Eastern,  east;  English. 
Ea.  Each. 

Ed.  Editor;  edition. 

E.E.  Errors  excepted. 
t.g.  For  example. 


Bot.  Bought. 

Brig.’  Gen.  Brigadier  General. 
Brit.  Britain,  British. 

Bro.  Brother.  Bros.  Brothers. 
Brot.  Brought. 

Ensli.  Bushel. 

Bx.  Box.  Bxs.  Boxes. 


Cml.  Commercial. 

Co.  Company;  county. 

C.O.D.  Cash  (or  collect)  on  delivery. 
Col.  Colonel;  Colossians;  column;  col- 
ored (negro). 

Coll.  College;  collector,  collection. 
Colo.  Colorado. 

Com.  Commissioner;  commission;  com- 
merce; commander;  committee. 
Con.  Against,  in  opposition. 

Conj.  Conjunction. 

Conn.  Connecticut. 

Const.  Constable;  constitution;  com 
signment. 

Contr.  Contracted,  contraction. 

Cor.  Sec.  Corresponding  secretary. 
C.P.  Common  Pleas,  Court  of  Probate. 
C.  P.  A.  Certified  Public  Accountant. 
Cr.  Credit,  creditor. 

Crim.  Criminal. 

C.  S.  Civil  Service;  Court  of  Sessions. 

C.  S.  A.  Confederate  States  of  Amer 

ica,  Confederate  States  Army. 

Ct.  Connecticut;  court;  cent. 

Ctg.  Cartage. 

Cts.  Cents. 

Cwt.  Hundredweight. 

Cyc.  Cyclopedia. 

D 

D. H.  Deadhead. 

Diarn.  Diameter. 

Bis.  Distance,  distant. 

Disc,  or  Bisct.  Discount. 

Dist.  District. 

Dist.  Atty  . District  attorney. 

Div.  Dividend,  division. 

Do.  (ditto).  The  same. 

Dol.  Dollar. 

Doz.  Dozen, 

Dr.  Debtor;  doctor. 

Dray.  Drayage. 

Ds.  Days. 

®D.Y.  God  willing. 

E 

Elec.  Electricity,  electrical. 

Emp.  Emperor,  empress. 

Eng.  England,  English;  engraving. 
Engin.  Engineering. 

Esp.  Especially. 


98 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


Esq*  Esquire. 

Exec*  Executor. 

et  al.  And  others. 

Execx.  Executrix. 

Etc.  And  others;  and  so  forth. 

Exod*  Exodus. 

et  seq.  And  the  following. 

Exp.  Expense,  expenses. 

Ex.  Example;  exception. 

E*  & 0.  E.  Errors  and  omissions  ex* 

Exch*  Exchange;  exchequer. 

cepted. 

Far*  Favor. 

Feb.  February. 

Fem.  Feminine. 

Fig.  Figure;  figurative. 
Fir.  Firkin. 

Fla.  Florida. 

F.O.B.  Free  on  board. 


F 

Fol.  Folio. 

Fr.  France,  French. 
Fri.  Friday. 

Frt.  Freight. 

Ft.  Foot,  feet;  fort 
Fut.  Future. 

Fwd.  Forward. 


6a.  Georgia. 

Gal.  Gallon. 

G.  A.  R.  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 
Gen.  General;  Genesis. 

Geog.  Geography,  geographical. 

Ger.  German. 


Hdkf.  Handkerchief. 

Heb.  Hebrew,  Hebrews. 

Hf.  Half. 

Hhd.  Hogshead,  hogsheads. 

Hist.  History,  historical. 

H.M.S.  His  (or  Her)  Majesty's  «5dp  or 
service. 


Ib.  In  the  same  placfi, 
I.B.  Invoice  book. 
i.e.  (id  est).  That  is. 
111.  Illinois. 

Hlnst.  Illustration. 
In.  Inch,  inches. 
Incog.  Unknown. 
Ind.  Indiana. 

In  lim.  At  the  outset 
Ins.  Inspector. 

Insolv.  Insolvent 


J.  Judge,  justice. 
Jan.  January. 

Jap.  Japanese. 
Jas.  James. 

Jer*  Jeremiah. 
J.F.  J ournal  folia 
Jno*  John. 


Can.  Kansas. 
Kv.  Kentucky. 


G.M.  Grand  Master. 

G.O.  General  order. 

Goy.  Governor. 

Gr.  Greece,  Greek;  great;  grain. 
Gro.  Gross. 

Gtt*  Drop,  drops. 


Hon.  Honorable. 

Hort.  Horticulture. 

H.P.  Horse  power;  high  priest. 

Hr.  Hour. 

H.R.H.  His  (or  Her)  Royal  Highness. 
Hand.  Hundred,  hundreds. 

Hypoth*  Hypothesis,  hypothetical. 


Insnr.  Insurance. 

Inst  Instant  (the  present  month);  in 
stitution,  institute. 

Int.  Interest. 

In  trans.  On  the  passage. 

Inv.  Invoice;  inventory. 

Io.  Iowa. 

I.O.U.  I owe  you. 

Isl.  Island. 

Ital.  Italic,  Italian. 

Itin.  Itinerary. 


Jos.  Joseph. 

Josh*  Joshua. 

Jour*  Journal. 

J.P.  Justice  of  the  Peace. 
J.  Prob.  Judge  of  Probate. 
Jr*  Junior. 

Jus*  Justice. 


K.P.  Knight  of  Pythias. 
K.T*  Knight  Templar. 


draughon’s  practical  speller. 


99 


Lb.  A pound  iu  weight. 

£.  A pound  sterling. 

La.  Louisiana. 

Lat.  Latin;  latitude. 

L.B.  Letter  Book. 

Lc.  Lower  case. 

Ld.  Lord. 

Led.  Ledger. 

Leg.  Legislature,  legislative. 
Lex.  Lexicon. 

L.F.  Ledger  folio. 


M.  Meridian,  or  noon;  one  thousand. 

M.A.  Master  of  Arts. 

Mach.  Machinery. 

Mag.  Magazine. 

Maj.  Major. 

Mar.  March. 

Masc.  Masculine. 

Mass.  Massachusetts, 
i Satt.  Matthew. 

M.C.  Member  of  Congress. 
iff.D.  Doctor  of  Medicine. 

Md.  Maryland. 

Mdse.  Merchandise. 

M.E.  Mechanical  engineer. 

Me.  Maine, 
tteas.  Measure. 

Med.  Medicine,  medical. 

Messrs.  Gentlemen;  sirs. 

Metr.  Metropolitan. 


fi.  Noun;  neuter. 

N.  A.  North  America. 

Nat.  Natural;  natal;  national. 

Naut.  Nautical. 

Navig.  Navigation. 

N.  B.  New  Brunswick;  Note  well,  or 
take  notiee. 

N.  C.  North  Carolina. 

N.  Dai.  North  Dakota. 

N.  E.  Northeast;  New  England. 

Neb.  Nebraska. 

Nev.  Nevada. 

N.  H.  New  Hampshire. 

R.  J.  New  Jersey. 


0*  Ohio. 

Obj.  Objection,  objective. 
Obs.  Obsolete. 

Obsoles.  Obsolescent. 

Obt.  Obedient. 

Oct.  October. 

0 «]£«  All  correct. 


L.I.  Long  Island. 

Lib.  Librarian,  library. 

Lieut.  Lieutenant. 

Liq.  Liquor. 

Lit.  Literature,  literary. 

Lit.D.  Doctor  of  Literature. 

LL.B.  Bachelor  of  Laws. 

LL.D.  Doctor  of  Laws. 

LL.M.  Master  of  Laws. 

Long.  Longitude. 

L.S.  Place  of  the  seal. 

M 

Mex.  Mexico. 

Mfg.  Manufacturing. 

Mi.  Mill,  mills. 

Mich*  Michigan. 

Mid.  Middle. 

Min.  Minute;  mining. 

Minn.  Minnesota. 

Miss.  Mississippi. 

Mile.  Mademoiselle. 

Mine.  Madame. 

Mo.  Missouri;  month. 

Mon.  Monday. 

Mont.  Montana. 

Mr.  Master,  or  Mister. 

Mrs.  Mistress. 

MS.  Manuscript  MSS.  ManuscriDtA 
Mt.  Mount,  or  mountain. 

Mns.  Music,  musical. 

Myth.  Mythology,  mythological. 

N 

N.  1.  The  case  is  not  clear. 

N.  Mex.  New  Mexico. 

No.  Number. 

N.  0.  New  Orleans. 

Non-com.  Noncommissioned. 

Non  Pros.  He  does  not  prosecute. 

Non  seq.  It  does  not  follow. 

Nov.  November. 

N.  P.  Notary  Public. 

N.  S.  Nova  Scotia. 

N.  T.  New  Testament 
N.  W.  Northwest. 

N.Y.  New  York. 

N.  Z.  New  Zealand^ 

O 

Okla.  Oklahoma. 

Op.  Opposite. 

Ord.  Ordinance;  ordinary. 

Ore.  Oregon. 

Orig.  Original,  originally. 

O.  T#  Old  Testament 
Oz.  Ounce*  ounces. 


100 


dkaughon’s  practical  speller. 


P.  Page.  Pp.  Pages. 

Pa.  Pennsylvania. 

Par*  Paragraph. 

Pari.  Parliament,  parliamentary. 
Part*  Payment. 

P.B.  Pass  Book. 

Pcs.  Pieces. 

Pd.  Paid. 

Per  an.  By  the  year. 

Per  cent.  (%).  By  the  hundred. 
Pert.  Perfect. 

Pharm.  Pharmacy. 

Ph.B.  Bachelor  of  Philosophy. 
Ph.D.  Doctor  of  Philosophy. 
Phila.  Philadelphia. 

Phon.  Phonetics. 

Phonog.  Phonography. 

Photog.  Photography. 

Phvs.  Phy  sics,  physical. 

P.  I.  Philippine  Islands. 

Pk.  Peck. 

Pkg.  Package, 

Plff.  Plaintiff. 

P.  M.  Postmaster;  afternoon. 


0.  Question. 

On.  Query. 

B.  Queen’s  Bench. 


B.  A.  Rear  Admiral;  Royal  Arch. 

Rad.  Radical. 

Rec.  or  R.  Recipe. 

Rec’d.  Received. 

Recpt.  Receipt. 

Rec.  Sec.  Recording  secretary. 

Ref.  Reference;  reformation. 

Reg.  Regular;  register,  registrar. 

Regt.  Regent;  regiment. 

Rem.  Remark,  remarks. 

Rep.  Representative;  reporter;  Repub- 
lican. 


S.  Sign;  south;  shilling. 

Sab.  Sabbath. 

S.  A.  South  America;  South  Africa. 
Sam.  Samuel;  Samaritan. 

Sat.  Saturday. 

S.B.  Sales  Book. 

S.  €•  South  Carolina. 

S.  C.  Small  capitals. 

Sc.B.  Bachelor  of  Science. 

Sci.  Science. 

Scot.  Scotland,  Scotch,  Scottish. 
Script.  Scripture,  scriptural. 

Sculp.  Sculpture. 

S*  Dak.  South  Dakota. 


P.  0.  Post  office. 

P.  0.  D.  Post  Office  Department;  Pay 
on  delivery. 

Pop.  Population. 

Port®  Portugal,  Portuguese. 

Pr.  Price;  pair;  present. 

P.  R.  Porto  Rico. 

Pref.  Prefix;  preface. 

Prep.  Preposition. 

Pres.  President. 

Prim.  Primary. 

Prill.  Principal. 

Prof.  Professor. 

Prop.  Proposition. 

Prot.  Protestant. 

Pro  tern.  For  the  time  being. 

Prov.  Province;  Proverbs. 

Prox.  Of  the  next  month. 

P.S.  Postscript. 

Ps.  Psalm,  Psalms. 

Pt.  Pint;  point;  port. 

Pub.  Public;  publisher. 

Pwt.  Pennyweight. 

P.  & L.  Profit  and  Loss. 

Q 

Or.  Quarter;  quire. 

Qt.  Quart;  quantity. 

({•V.  (quod  vide).  Which  see. 

R 

Retd.  Returned. 

Rev.  Revelation;  review;  revise;  rev* 
enue;  reverend. 

R.  I.  Rhode  Island. 

Robt.  Robert. 

Rom.  Roman,  Romans. 

Rom.  Cath.  Roman  Catholic. 

R.  R.  Railroad. 

R.S.Y.P*  Answer  if  you  please. 

Rt.  Hon.  Right  Honorable. 

Rt.  Rev.  Right  Reverend. 

Ry.  Railway. 


S.  E.  Southeast. 

Sec.  Secretary;  second;  section. 
Sen.  Senator,  Senate. 

Sept.  September. 

Ser.  Series. 

Serg.  Sergeant. 

Serv.  Servant. 

Sid.  Sailed. 

S.O.  Seller’s  option. 

Sol.  Gen.  Solicitor  General. 
Specif.  Specifically. 

Spt.  Seaport. 

Sq.  Square. 

1 Sq.  ft.  Square  foot,  or  square  fe^i* 


DKAUGHON  S PRACTICAL  SPELLER, 


101 


8q.  yd.  Square  yard. 

$hv  Senior. 

S,  S,  Sunday  school. 

St,  Saint;  street. 

Stat.  Statute,  statutes. 
S.T.D.  PoctoiLof  Divinity, 
Str.  Steamer. 

w 

Teleg.  Telegraphy, 

Tenn,  Tennessee. 

Ter.  Territory. 

Test.  Testament. 

Tex.  Texas. 

Theo.  Theodore. 

Thos,  Thomas. 

Tliurs.  Thursday. 


Sun.  Sunday. 

Sunds.  Sundries. 

Sup.  Superior;  supplement, 
Supt.  Superintendent. 

S.  W.  Southwest. 

Syn.  Synonym,  synonymous. 
Synop.  Synopsis." 


Tonn.  Tonnage. 

Tr.  Transpose;  trustee;  translation. 
Trans.  Transaction. 

Treas.  Treasurer. 

Trig,  Trigonometry. 

Trin.  Trinity. 

Tues.  Tuesday. 

Typog.  Typography,  typographical. 


U 


Ult.  Of  the  last  month. 

Univ.  University. 

U.  S.  United  States. 

V*  S.  A.  United  States  of  America, 
United  States  Army. 


U.  S.  M.  United  States  Mail. 

U.  $.  K.  United  States  Navy. 

U.  S.  S.  United  States  Senate;  UnifceC 
States  Ship. 

Ux*  Wife. 


Y.  Verb;  verse. 

V.  or  vs.  {versus).  Against. 

Ta.  Virginia. 

V.  C.  Vice  chancellor;  vice  chairman. 
Yice  Pres.  Vice  President. 

Vid.  (vide).  See. 


Vil.  Village. 

Viz.  Namely,  to  wit. 

VoL  Volume. 

V.  S*  Veterinary  Surgeon. 
Vt.  Vermont. 

V.  Bet®  Very  Reverend. 


W 


W.  West,  western. 

Wash.  Washington. 

W.B.  Waybill. 

W.  C.  T.  U.  Women’s  Christian  Tem- 
perance Union. 

Wednes.  Wednesday. 

Wof.  Wrong  font. 


W.  I.  West  India,  West  Indies. 
Wk.  Week. 

Wis.  Wisconsin. 

Wm8  William. 

Wt.  Weight. 

W.  Va.  West  Virginia. 

Wyo.  Wyoming. 


X.  Christ. 


I Xmas.  Christmas. 


Y.B.  Yearbook. 

Yd.  Yard.  Yds.  Yards. 

Yr.  Year. 

Y.  M.  C.  A.  Young  Men’s  Christian 
Association. 


Y.  P.  S.  Co  E.  Young  People’s  Society 

of  Christian  Endeavor. 

Yrs.  Yours;  years. 

Y.  W.  C.  A.  Young  Women’s  Christian 
Association. 


Zach®  Zachary. 
Zech®  Zechanah. 


IZ,  6.  Zoological  garden. 
ZoftJ.  Zoology,  zoological. 


102 


DBAUGHON’S  PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


HOMOPHONES. 

Homophones  are  words  of  the  same  sound,  but  different  in  spelling 
and  meaning;  as: 


all,  awl 

blew,  blue 

see,  sea 
bin,  been 

to,  too,  two 

week,  weak 

tun,  ton 

waste,  waist 

nun,  none 
ruff,  rough 

wait,  weight 

nay,  neigh 
their,  there 

row,  roe 

lode,  load 

heir,  air 

sore,  soar 
freeze,  frieze 

fare,  fair 

teas,  tease 

sheer,  shear 

vain,  vane,  vein 
him,  hymn 

hew,  hue 

flew,  flue 

base,  bass 

mote,  moat 
step,  steppe 

paws,  pause 
clause,  claws 

bolder,  bowlder 

nose,  knows 

gilt,  guilt 

time,  thyme 

cheep,  cheap 

brows,  browse 

censer,  censor 
draft,  draught 

veil,  vale 

peel,  peal 

beer,  bier 

peddle,  pedal 

bale,  bail 

made,  maid 

pore,  pour 

cede,  seed 

groan,  grown 
told,  tolled 

heal,  heel 

beat,  beet 

maze,  maize 

deer,  dear 

nave,  knave 

cruel,  crewel 

bred,  bread 

beech,  beach 

reek,  wreak 

rein,  rain,  reign 

retch,  wretch 

sane,  seine 

broach,  brooch 

_ break,  brake 

throw,  throe 

lead,  led 

seal,  ceil 

be,  bee 

birth,  berth 

board,  bored 

slight,  sleight 

flee,  flea 

assent,  ascent 

doe,  dough 

ewe,  yew 

tea,  tee 

coarse,  course 

dust,  dost 

climb,  clime 

in,  inn 

indite,  indict 

so,  sew,  sow 

teem,  team 

loan,  lone 

marshal,  martial 

fort,  forte 

gage,  gauge 

poles,  polls 

prays,  preys,  praise 

mite,  might 

feat,  feet 

scull,  skull 

cruise,  cruse,  crews 

cord,  chord 

calendar,  calender 

tale,  tail 

session,  cession 

troop,  troupe 

pear,  pair,  pare 
whole,  hole 

lie,  lye 

new,  knew 

hair,  hare 

male,  mail 

tare,  tear 

horde,  hoard 

aye,  eye 

tear,  tier  , 
gild,  guild 

piece,  peace 
ate,  eight 

altar,  alter 

pium,  plumb 

DRAUGHON  S PRACTICAL  SPELLER. 


103 


Tice,  vise 
guise,  guys 
east,  caste 
peak,  pique 
fain,  feign,  fan© 
stake,  steak 
boll,  bowl,  bole 
core,  corps 
herd,  heard 
leaf,  lief 
current,  currant 
quire,  choir 
signet,  cygnet 
pane,  pain 
waving,  waiving 
raze,  raise 
seer,  sear,  cere,  sere 
seam,  skem 
breach,  breech 
key,  quay 
miner,  minor 
wether,  weather 
hale,  hail 

wright,  right,  rite,  write 

sweet,  suite 

dying,  dyeing 

faint,  feint 

canvas,  canvass 

creek,  creak 

cent,  scent 

earn,  urn 

cellar,  seller 

fir,  fur 

fate,  f6te 

frate,  great 
art,  heart 
lade,  laid 
ore,  oar,  o’er 
red,  read 
rude,  rood 
road,  rode 
wrote,  rote 
surge,  serge 
ale,  ail 
aught,  ought 
aisle,  isle 


jam,  jamb 
buy,  by 
meat,  meet 
mien,  mean 
need,  knead 
rest,  wrest 
ring,  wring 
sees,  seas,  seize 
hour,  flower 
cite,  sight,  site 
night,  knight 
higher,  hire 
high,  hie 
forth,  fourth 
fowl,  foul 
hall,  haulv 
hour,  our 
knot,  not 
mane,  main 
one,  won 
oh,  owe 
nice,  gneiss 
slay,  sleigh 
style,  stile 
straight,  strait 
sole,  soul 
throne,  thrown 
bridal,  bridle 
bell,  belle 
beau,  bow 
bough,  bow 
toe,  tow 
plane,  plain 
kill,  kiln 
steal,  steel 
stare,  stair 
peer,  pier 
colonel,  kernel 
shoe,  shoo 
hoes,  hose 
phlox,  flocks 
metal,  mettle 
bore,  boar 
navel,  naval 
dam,  damn 


HOMONYMS. 


Homonyms  are  words  of  the  same  sound  and  spelling,  but  different 
in  meaning;  as,  the  noun  bear  and  the  verb  bear;  'pound , meaning  to 
strike;  pound , meaning  an  inclosure;  pound , meaning  a weight. 


butt 

ground 

meal 

board 

sty 

scuttle 

bowl 

mill 

lawn 

can 

page 

cashier 

host 

prize 

crane 

grate 

ground 

lighter 

last 

low 

steer 

quail 

meter 

cricket 

left 

mast 

deck 

ounce 

muzzle 

swallow 

range 

mass 

rear 

league 

cobble 

gammon 

ease 

mace 

scale 

quarry 

temple 

corporal 

BOOKS 


PUBLISHED 

BY  THE 


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book  prepared  for  advanced  students 
of  the  Graham  and  other  Pitmanic  Sys- 
tems of  Shorthand.  By  the  study  of 
this  book,  a stenographer  can  increase 
his  speed  and  make  of  himself  more 
than  an  amanuensis  make  himself 
competent  to  report  speeches,  sermons, 
court  proceedings,  and  the  like. 

“Draughon’*  Shorthand  Dictionary.” 
A book  which  contains  twenty  thou- 
sand words  in  everyday  use,  with  the 
definition  and  the  pronunciation  of  and 
the  correct  Shorthand  outline  for  each 
word.  r The  book  is  adaptable  to  any 
of  the  Pitmanic  Systems. 

“Draughon’*  Dictation  S*ndiee.”  % 


book  which  contains  not  only  many 
pages  of  Shorthand  notes,  but  also 
many  dictation  exercises — letters  for 
the  teacher  to  dictate  to  the  student, 
letters  representing  various  lines  of 
business — and  the  like.  The  book  can 
be  used  to  advantage  by  a student  of 
any  system  of  Shorthand. 

“Draughon’s  Touch-Typewriting  In- 
structor.” A book  giving  instruction 
for  the  operation  of  any  typewriter 
having  a standard  keyboard. 

“Draughon’s  English  Grammar  Made 
Easy.”  A book  by  the  study  of  which 
one  can  get,  within  a few  weeks,  a 
working  knowledge  of  English. 

“Draughon’s  Practical  Speller-Dic- 
tionary.” A combination  book,  being 
both  a speller  and  a dictionary.  ^ It 
contains  five  thousand  words — -every- 
day business  words — with  condensed, 
practical  definitions.  There  is,  adja- 
cent to  each  word  in  the  book’s  vocab- 
ulary, a blank  space  for  the  word’s 
Shorthand  outline,  which  is  supplied 
by  the  Shorthand  student,  no  matter 
what  system  he  writes.  When  the  stu- 
dent writes  the  Shorthand  outlines  for 
all  the  words,  he  is  a joint  compiler, 
so  to  speak,  of  his  Shorthand  diction- 
ary. With  this  book,  students  and  oth- 
ers may  be  taught,  or  may  teach  them- 
selves, how  to  spell  correctly. 

“Draughon’s  Manual  on  Business 
Writing.”  A book  which  teaches  one 
how  to  write  a good  business  hand. 

“Draughon’s  Commercial  Arithme- 
tic.” A book  which  teaches  Business 
Arithmetic,  giving  short  cuts  in  cal- 
culation and  the  like;  a book  which 
is  indispensable  to  bookkeepers,  bill 
clerks,  and  others. 

“Draughon’s  Commercial  Daw.”  A 

book  which  gives  a practical  course  in 
business  law — a course  that  is  indis- 
pensable to  the  farmer,  the  mechanic, 
the  business  man,  and  others. 

Other  Supplies  for  Students 

We  also  carry  in  stock,  for  sale, 
blank  Ledgers,  Cashbooks,  Journals, 
Sales  Books,  and  Billheads;  College 
Currency,  Typewriter  Paper,-  Short- 
hand Tablets,  Pens,  Pencils,  and  Pen- 
holders; blank  Notes,  Checks,  Drafts, 
Note  Registers;  Rulers,  and  the  like. 


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